5 research outputs found
Peer reviewed abstract submitted to the College of Health Sciences, Osun State University Annual Scientific Conference, June 15-19, 2020
Introduction: MDR-TB poses a significant challenge to global management of TB. Laboratories in many countries among which include Nigeria are unable to evaluate drug resistance, and clinical predictors of MDR-TB might help target suspected patients.Method: The study was a cross sectional study design. Multistage sampling technique was employed in the selection of 403 tuberculosis patients. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25. Level of significance was set at P<0.05.Results: Fifty three 53 (13.2%) of the total respondent had MDR-TB compare to national prevalence of 8% which is steeper among males 36(67.9%) (p>0.05). Education and Occupation shows a significant association with MDR-TB, (÷2=24.640, p = 0.007) and (÷2=14.416, p=0.006) respectively, smoking (r=0.074, p<0.05) and alcohol consumption (r=0.083, p>0.05) show no significant association with occurrence MDR-TB.Conclusion: Previous TB treatment and Adherence with treatment regimen were found to be the major risk factor for MDR-TB. Targeted educational intervention for patients and their contacts may minimize the non-adherence with prescribed TB treatment and lessen MDR-TB magnitude.
Key words: TB Patients, MDR-TB, tuberculosis, risk factors
Orthodox and traditional medical practice at a cross road: challenges and prospects for integration in South Western Nigeria
No Abstrac
Knowledge and attitude of primary healthcare workers towards rational prescription of artemisinin-based combination therapy in the treatment of uncomplicated malaria in Ondo State, Southwestern Nigeria
Introduction and objective. For an effective and desired outcome of therapy to be achieved, the technical capacity of
the healthcare worker is a key factor. The aim of the study is to assess knowledge and attitudes of primary healthcare (PHC)
workers towards rational artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) prescribed in the treatment of uncomplicated
malaria.
Materials and method. This is a descriptive cross-sectional survey in which a self-administered structured questionnaire
was used. A combination of stratified and multistage sampling techniques where utilized in the selection of the healthcare
workers (HCWs).
Results. Of the 422 respondents, 100 (23.7%) were males and 322 (76.3%) were females. Respondents with less than five
years in practice accounted for 36%, while 64% had six years and above of practice. Community health extension workers
(CHEW) accounted for 54%, while 46% were either community health officers (CHO), nurses, midwives, Bachelors of Science
(BSc) in community health, or with other qualifications. A total of 390 (92.4%) were aware of the availability of ACTs and
used the malaria treatment protocols, whereas 28 (6.6%) still used monotherapy for simple malaria treatment, and 2.7%
did not use any form of test before initiating treatment. Co-administration of non-ACTs with ACTs accounted for 12%, with
88% prescribing paracetamol with ACTs. 67% of the respondents required capacity building in rational ACT use.
Conclusion. The majority of the respondents had the requisite knowledge and skills coupled with positive attitudes in
prescribing ACTs. Some respondents could not distinguish between an ACTs and a monotherapy. This may affect the exact
application of the malaria treatment protocols, especially at the PHC level
Risk Factors Associated with MDR-TB among Tuberculosis Patients in Ibadan, Oyo state, Nigeria
Introduction: In Nigeria, patients accessing Directory Observed Therapy (DOTS) treatment are exposed to resistance to anti-TB drugs, hence is considered a priority, only few studies have focused on the relevant risk factors, Factors leading to development of drug resistance need to be understood to develop appropriate control strategies for national programsMethod: The study was a cross sectional study design. Multistage sampling technique was employed in the selection of 403 tuberculosis patients in Ibadan North Local Government Area of Oyo State. Data were collected using self-administered structured questionnaire, and analyzed using SPSS version 25. Level of significance was set at P<0.05.Results: Fifty three (13.2%) of the total respondent had Multidrug Resistant TB (MDR-TB) which is more among the males 36(67.9%) (p>0.05). Education and Occupation shows a significant association with MDR-TB, (χ2=24.640, p =0.007) and (χ2=14.416, p = 0.006) respectively,risk factors such asprevious TB treatment and Adherence with treatment regimen (r=0.270, p<0.05), HIV (r=0.168, p<0.05) and smoking (ß=0.107, t=2.144, p<0.05) were statistically associated with development of acquired MDR-TB.Conclusion: This finding revealed that Previous TB treatment andAdherence with treatment regimen were found to be the major risk factor for MDR-TB. Targeted educational intervention for patients and their contacts may minimize the nonadherence with prescribed TB treatment and lessen MDR-TB magnitude. High quality directly observed treatment should be strengthened to ensure that the previously treated patients can receive standard and regular regimens.
Keywords: TB Patients, MDR-TB, tuberculosis, Risk factors.
French Title: Facteurs de risque associés à la MDR-TB parmi les patientstuberculeux à Ibadan, état d'Oyo, Nigéria
Introduction: Au Nigéria, les patients accédant au traitement DOTS (Directory Observed Therapy) sont exposés à une résistance aux médicaments antituberculeux, ce qui est considéré comme une priorité, seules quelques études se sont concentrées sur les facteurs de risque pertinents. Les facteurs menant au développement d'être compris pour développer des stratégies de contrôle appropriées pour les programmes nationaux.Méthode de l'étude: L'étude était un plan d'étude transversale. Une technique d'échantillonnage à plusieurs degrés a été utilisée pour sélectionner 403 patients tuberculeux dans la région du gouvernement local d'Ibadan Nord de l'état d'Oyo. Les données ont été collectées à l'aide d'un questionnaire structuré auto-administré et analysées à l'aide de la version 25 du SPSS. Le niveau de signification a été fixé à P <0,05.Résultats de l'étude: Cinquante-trois (13,2%) des répondants totaux avaient une tuberculose multi résistante (MDR-TB), ce qui est plus parmi les hommes 36 (67,9%) (p> 0,05). L'éducation et la profession montrent une association significative avec la TB-MR, (χ2 = 24,640, p = 0,007) et (χ2 = 14,416, p = 0,006) respectivement, des facteurs de risque tels que le traitement antituberculeux antérieur et l'observance du schéma thérapeutique (r =0,270, p <0,05), le VIH (r = 0,168, p <0,05) et le tabagisme (ß = 0,107, t = 2,144, p <0,05) étaient statistiquement associés au développement de la TB-MR acquise.Conclusion: Ce résultat a révélé que le traitement antituberculeux antérieur et l'observance du schéma thérapeutique étaient les principaux facteurs de risque de TB-MR. Une intervention éducative ciblée pour les patients et leurs contacts peut minimiser la non-observance du traitement antituberculeux prescrit et réduire l'ampleur de la TB-MR. Un traitement de haute qualité directement observé doit être renforcé pour garantir queles patients précédemment traités puissent recevoir des schémas standards et réguliers.
Mots-clés: Patients TB, MDR-TB, tuberculose, facteurs de risque