2 research outputs found
Age Differentiation of Interregional Migration Exchange in the Republic of Bashkortostan
The article considers the issues of participation of different age groups in interregional migration exchange in the Republic of Bashkortostan during 2016-2020. The main directions of interregional migration are analysed based on official statistics. The regions with the closest migration ties are identified; the age structure of migration flows to these regions is characterised. The migration intensity of individual age groups is revealed. The interregional migration exchange of Bashkortostan is characterised by age differentiation. The age structure of migration flows from Bashkortostan to individual entities of the Russian Federation differs, indicating the migration attractiveness of certain regions for different categories of the population. The interregional exchange of the republic leads to significant migration losses among young age groups, which weakens the reproductive and marriage potential of the region. Therefore, it is necessary to create such measures of regional social and migration policy that would contribute to the preservation and development of the socio-demographic potential of the Republic of Bashkortostan.Π ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΡ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΡ
Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏ Π² ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΌΠΈΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅ Π Π΅ΡΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΠ°ΡΠΊΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π½ Π² ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ 2016β2020 Π³Π³. ΠΠ° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΈΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ; Π²ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Ρ, Ρ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠΈΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΈ; ΠΎΡ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π° Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ° ΠΌΠΈΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ² Π² ΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Ρ; Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π° ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΌΠΈΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄Π²ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏ. ΠΠ»Ρ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΈΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π° ΠΠ°ΡΠΊΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π½Π° Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Π° Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ½Π°Ρ Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°ΡΠΈΡ. ΠΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ° ΠΌΠΈΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠ· ΠΠ°ΡΠΊΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π½Π° Π² ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡ Π Π€ ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΠΌΠΈ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΎ ΠΌΠΈΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅Ρ
ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎΡΠΈΠΉ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠ΅ΠΆΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΠΌΠ΅Π½ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Ρ ΠΊ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΌΠΈΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΌ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡ
Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ»Π°Π±Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΈ Π±ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π» ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°. Π‘Π»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ, Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΌΠΈΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ Π±Ρ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡ
ΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ-Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Π° Π Π΅ΡΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΠ°ΡΠΊΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π½
Territorial Characteristics of Internal Migration Processes in Bashkortostan
ΠΠ° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΌΠΈΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΡΠ°/ΡΠ±ΡΠ»ΠΈ Π² Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, ΠΌΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠΈΠΏΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡΡ
Π Π΅ΡΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΠ°ΡΠΊΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π½ ΠΏΠΎ Π΄Π²ΡΠΌ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΌ Π²Π½ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½Π΅ΠΉ ΠΌΠΈΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ: ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ Π²Π½ΡΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ. ΠΠΈΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΠΌΠ΅Π½ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΈ Ρ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Ρ ΠΊ ΡΠ±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΈ Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ (ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠΌ Π½Π° ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ ΠΎΠ½Π° Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π²ΡΡΠ΅). ΠΠ½ΡΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΌΠΈΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄Π»Ρ Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΈ ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ β Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ΅Π»Π°. ΠΠ° ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ ΠΌΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠΈΠΏΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π²Π½ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠΊΠΈ ΠΌΠΈΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅Ρ
ΠΈΠ· Π½ΠΈΡ
, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ Π½Π°Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΡΡ Π² ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΈ (ΡΡΠΎ ΠΊΡΡΠΏΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΠΉΠΎΠ½Ρ, ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΡΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊ Π½ΠΈΠΌ) ΠΈ ΡΠ±ΡΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΠΎΡΠ΄Π°Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
, ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΠΈΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΡ
. ΠΡΠ»ΠΈ Π² Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΌΠΈΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Π°Ρ ΡΠ±ΡΠ»Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π² ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½ΠΈ Π²Π½ΡΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΌΠΈΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠΌ, ΡΠΎ Π½Π° ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ ΠΎΠ±Π° ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠΊΠ° Π²Π½ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½Π΅ΠΉ ΠΌΠΈΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ±ΡΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ.Based on official statistics, the paper presents a comparative analysis of the intensity of migration increase/decrease between urban and rural areas, between municipalities of the Republic of Bashkortostan in two directions of internal migration: interregional and intraregional. The migration exchange of the Republic with Russian regions leads to a decrease in both urban and rural population (while in rural areas it is much higher). Intraregional migration is characterised by positive values for cities and negative values for villages. At the municipal level, internal migration flows contribute to the growth of those municipalities located in the centre of the Republic (large cities or rural areas adjacent to them) and the population decline in remote, peripheral territories. While the interregional migration loss in cities is compensated to a certain extent by the intraregional migration exchange, in villages, both flows of internal migration contribute to the high population decline