Secure Mobile Based E-Voting System

The E-Voting means the voting process in election by using electronic device. In this proposed system described how the android mobile phones are efficient and can be used for voting. The android platform is used to develop an application. Our system support simultaneous voting due to the distributed nature of the database. During election electronic device is used for voting process. A voter may only need to register only once for a particular election and that does all, voter need to cast his /her vote without actually have to present at the voting cell. The registration process must be done at Booth application for once then voter is been given a facility to vote from his/her Android mobile phone irrespective of his/her location. This proposed system suppose to propose a new e-voting system, which ensures voter confidentiality and voting accuracy, thus providing an important framework that based on unique identification ADHAAR ID (U-ID) number. An online solution is very useful as the information about the voters and the election committee is also made available to the people in this system

Assessment of Soil Salinity and Irrigation Water Quality of Chanchaga Irrigation Scheme I, Minna, Niger State

The extent to which salinity is increasing in arid and semi-arid regions recently has become a concern in irrigation and non-irrigation land. In view of this, the study evaluated soil salinity and irrigation water quality at Chanchaga Irrigation Scheme I, Minna, Niger State with the aim of assessing the soil fertility status and irrigation water source of the scheme. The study took soil samples at 0 - 30cm depth from irrigated and non-irrigated plots and water was taken from the main point of the border irrigation system. Both soil and water sample collected were subjected to laboratory analysis. The study determined sodium absorption ratio and exchangeable sodium percentage of soil and water parameters analyzed in the laboratory. The Levene's test for equality of variances was performed on the concentration of the parameters analyzed in both soil (irrigated and non-irrigated plot) and water of the scheme. The study reveals that the sodium concentration was found higher in the irrigated plot than control plot and the EC and SAR values of the irrigated plot was classified as sodic. The SAR and other exchangeable values in both irrigated and non-irrigated plot have equal variances (> 0.10) with the exception of chlorine which is significant. The level of potassium in the water was higher and sodic in nature. The study concluded that the sodium hazard in both soil and water was higher than the desirable limits. It is important to take the soil sample of the whole plots so as to examine the salt variation in the schem

Expression of Tolerance to Pod Borer, Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Relation to Biochemical Content of Chickpea Leaves

The pod borer (Helicoverpa armigera) is one of the most serious pest of chickpea and plant resistance is an important component for managing this pest. To develop cultivars with resistance to insects, it is important to understand the role of different components associated with resistance to insects. Therefore, in this study we characterized RIL’s (recombinant inbred lines) population for total phenol content leaves and organic acid profiles in the leaf exudates which are associated with tolerance to H. armigera. Chickpea leaves contained phenol and five major organic acids, which were identified as malic acid, oxalic acid, acetic acid, citric acid, and fumaric acid. The high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) profiles of the leaf exudates of 196 RIL’s exhibited amounts of all organic acids were negatively correlated with egg count, larval incidence and with pod damage. Total phenol levels were negatively associated with egg count, larval incidence and pod damage percentage