Effects of sublattice symmetry and frustration on ionic transport in garnet solid electrolytes

We use rigorous group-theoretic techniques and molecular dynamics to investigate the connection between structural symmetry and ionic conductivity in the garnet family of solid Li-ion electrolytes. We identify new ordered phases and order-disorder phase transitions that are relevant for conductivity optimization. Ionic transport in this materials family is controlled by the frustration of the Li sublattice caused by incommensurability with the host structure at non-integer Li concentrations, while ordered phases explain regions of sharply lower conductivity. Disorder is therefore predicted to be optimal for ionic transport in this and other conductor families with strong Li interaction.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures, and supplementary informatio

Effects of visible lights, photodermatoses and role of antioxidants in skin health

Visible light (VL) radiation poses potential risks to the skin, including solar urticaria, chronic actinic dermatitis (CAD), cutaneous porphyrias, and others. Photodermatoses, another skin condition, can be worsened by exposure to light. Involves the production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS and RNS, respectively), which harms proteins, lipids, and DNA results in an inflammatory reaction and increased skin pigmentation. Studies show that plant-derived antioxidants can shield VIS-exposed skin from oxidative damage brought on by ROS. Both API (Active pharmaceutical ingredients) and BTC (Bis trichloromethyl carbonate) give protection against harm caused by VL and useful topical antioxidants that can be added to sunscreens in terms of sun protection techniques, whereas, vitamins A, C, and E are antioxidants that reduce the aging process by preventing free radicals from oxidizing sensitive biological components. With an emphasis on either VL blocking (tinted sunscreens) or production of reactive species and radical quenching (antioxidant sunscreens), availability of photoprotection products that contain VL protection is expanding. Promising advancements have been made in incorporating antioxidants and radical scavengers into sunscreen formulations to address the induction of ROS/RNS by visible light. Topical application of an antioxidant blend containing varying concentrations of a singlet oxygen quencher along with fixed concentrations of vitamin E (0.25%) and vitamin C (0.01%) has shown ability to inhibit erythema and reduce pigmentation in certain skin types. Recent advancements in understanding VL's ability to induce reactive species have paved the way for antioxidant-based formulations, which offer promising alternatives for photoprotection across all skin types

Functional outcome of proximal tibia intra-articular fractures after open reduction and internal fixation

Background: Tibial plateau fractures are common fractures which constitute approximately 1% of all fractures. These involves the particular area of tibia and difficult to manage. These fractures require absolute stable fixation to improve the function and to prevent the post traumatic arthritis. We aim assess the functional outcome of patients in proximal tibia fractures treated with ORIF. Methods: Patients assessed at OPD visits with knee injury and Osteoarthritis score (KOOS) and Westerna Ontario and Mc-master university OA index (WOMAC). With informed consent patients are assessed one year after fixation of fractures and data recorded in case record forms. Results: Out of 74 patients studied, majority belonged to age group 21 to 40 years old (44 cases, 59.45%); followed by 21 cases (36.48%) from age group 41-60 years old. 7 patients (9.45%) were found in age groups 61 to 80 years old. Mean KOOS scores shows FAIR outcome in type I, type II, type III and type IV Schatzkers. While poor outcome was found in type V and type V and type VI. High energy trauma is associated with poor functional outcome as compared to low energy trauma. Mean WOMAC scores are found good in type I, type II fractures while fair outcome found in type III and type IV, poor outcome observed in type V and type VI Schatzkers type. Conclusions: As per this study we concluded that fractures treated with ORIF showed good functional outcome. ORIF with buttress plate gives good to fair results.

Isolated traumatic hip dislocation along with ipsilateral femur shaft fracture: rare case report with review of literature

Hip dislocation accompanied by an ipsilateral fracture of femur shaft is an uncommon injury usually seen after high-velocity trauma and often coincides with multiple systemic injuries. This case report describes a 27-year-old male who suffered a posterior hip dislocation and ipsilateral fracture of femur shaft following a motorcycle-car collision accident with no associated fractures of the acetabulum and femoral neck. He was treated with fixator-assisted hip reduction and intramedullary femur interlock nailing in lateral position in a same setting. The advantage of this method is that the rate of AVN of femoral head is decreased by decreasing the overall timing of surgery and it also allow early successful reduction of the hip. The risk of AVN should be explained to the patient beforehand even if the surgery is done within 6 hours. This case highlights the importance of timely intervention and effective surgical techniques in managing such complex injuries and also aims to share our experience in managing such rare injuries and review the existing literature on this rare injury

A fatal case of multi-organ failure in acute yellow phosphorus poisoning

Phosphorus is a nonmetallic irritant used in various sectors like rodenticide, firecracker industries, match industries, and fertilizers. Phosphorus poisoning is responsible for deaths among children and adults. Accidental yellow phosphorus poisoning is frequently reported in children, whereas suicidal consumption is not uncommon amongst adults. Herein, we present the case of a 30-year-old female patient who ingested Ratol paste containing yellow phosphorus in an attempt to commit suicide. Her initial chief complaints were nausea, vomiting along with loose motion during hospitalization, followed by a symptomless phase with stable vitals on the 2nd day, and managed conservatively. She took discharge against the medical advice. Later on, she was readmitted in the same hospital, after two days, complaining of generalized weakness, bodily pain, drowsiness, loss of appetite, and breathing difficulties. She developed severe complications due to the intoxication and died. An autopsy was performed. The histopathological and the toxicological examination were carried out. We found characteristic features in different organs due to yellow phosphorus toxicity. We concluded the cause of death as hepatic encephalopathy and multi-organ dysfunction syndrome caused by the yellow phosphorus poisoning

Uterine scar rupture at the site of the placenta accreta presenting as a case of sudden death

Uterine rupture during pregnancy is a known complication of placenta accreta. This paper presents a case of sudden maternal death in the 27th week of gestation due to a ruptured uterine scar at the site of placenta accreta with a short inter-pregnancy period of 6 months with previous two C-sections. Autopsy findings revealed a massive hemoperitoneum and a thinned out anterolateral uterine wall. Internal examination revealed clotted and fluid blood in the peritoneal cavity with rupture of the anterior uterine wall at the site of the placenta accreta in a healed cesarean section scar. Placenta accreta is a rare complication of pregnancy. However, it is becoming more frequent and a significant risk factor with the increasing rate of C-section

DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE THIN-LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY METHOD FOR SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION OF NEBIVOLOL HYDROCHLORIDE AND CILNIDIPINE

Objective: The proposed method describes method development and validation of nebivolol hydrochloride and cilnidipine in combined pharmaceutical tablet dosage form by high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) having adequate specificity, sensitivity, and reproducibility. Methods: Nebivolol hydrochloride and cilnidipine drug combination is used for the treatment of hypertension. Precoated aluminum plates with silica gel 60 F254 (E-Merck, Germany) were used for the chromatographic separation which was carried using chloroform:glacial acetic acid:methanol, in 8.5:1:0.5 (v/v/v) as a mobile phase. HPTLC separation of two drugs was carried by densitometric measurement at 270 nm. Reults: The drugs were satisfactorily resolved with retardation factor values of 0.0.29±0.008 and 0.69±0.007 for nebivolol hydrochloride and cilnidipine, respectively. The method was found to be linear in the range of 100–1000 ng/spot and 50–500 ng/spot for nebivolol hydrochloride and cilnidipine, respectively. The correlation coefficient was found to be 0.989 and 0.996 for nebivolol hydrochloride and cilnidipine, respectively. Limit of detection and limit of quantitation values were 16.395 ng/band and 49.681 ng/band and 31.788ng/band and 96.328 ng/band, respectively. The mean recovery was found to be 100.570–101.936 and 100.269–101.333 for nebivolol hydrochloride and cilnidipine, respectively. The intra- and inter-day precision was found to be within the limit. Conclusion: A simple, accurate, precise, and sensitive HPTLC method has been developed and validated in combined pharmaceutical tablet dosage form for simultaneous estimation of nebivolol hydrochloride and cilnidipine

Hydrogen storage in liquid hydrogen carriers: recent activities and new trends

Efficient storage of hydrogen is one of the biggest challenges towards a potential hydrogen economy. Hydrogen storage in liquid carriers is an attractive alternative to compression or liquefaction at low temperatures. Liquid carriers can be stored cost-effectively and transportation and distribution can be integrated into existing infrastructures. The development of efficient liquid carriers is part of the work of the International Energy Agency Task 40: Hydrogen-Based Energy Storage. Here, we report the state-of-the-art for ammonia and closed CO2-cycle methanol-based storage options as well for liquid organic hydrogen carriers