484 research outputs found
Hydrodynamic signatures of stationary Marangoni-driven surfactant transport
We experimentally study steady Marangoni-driven surfactant transport on the
interface of a deep water layer. Using hydrodynamic measurements, and without
using any knowledge of the surfactant physico-chemical properties, we show that
sodium dodecyl sulphate and Tergitol 15-S-9 introduced in low concentrations
result in a flow driven by adsorbed surfactant. At higher surfactant
concentration, the flow is dominated by the dissolved surfactant. Using
Camphoric acid, whose properties are {\it a priori} unknown, we demonstrate
this method's efficacy by showing its spreading is adsorption dominated
Precision Attitude Stabilization with Intermittent External Torque
The attitude stabilization of a micro-satellite employing a
variable-amplitude cold gas thruster which reflects as a time varying gain on
the control input is considered. Existing literature uses a persistence filter
based approach that typically leads to large control gains and torque inputs
during specific time intervals corresponding to the 'on' phase of the external
actuation. This work aims at reducing the transient spikes placed upon the
torque commands by the judicious introduction of an additional time varying
scaling signal as part of the control law. The time update mechanism for the
new scaling factor and overall closed-loop stability are established through a
Lyapunov-like analysis. Numerical simulations highlight the various features of
this new control algorithm for spacecraft attitude stabilization subject to
torque intermittence.Comment: Presented as paper AAS 21-402 at the 31st AAS/AIAA Space Flight
Mechanics Meeting, Virtual, February 1-4 202
The Atmosphere-Ocean Interface Layer of NASA's Goddard Earth Observing System Model and Data Assimilation System Volume 51
The Goddard Earth Observing System (GEOS) general circulation model (GCM) includes modules for sea surface temperature (SST) diurnal warming and cool-skin layers. To support the application of a coupled atmosphere-ocean data assimilation capability, the GCM needs to be flexible enough to support both coupled atmosphere ocean general circulation model (AOGCM) and atmosphere-only (AGCM) configurations, with only minor configuration changes at the user interface. This document presents a formulation of an atmosphere-ocean interface layer (AOIL) that serves this purpose. Previous work by Akella et al. (2017) described a version of a model for near-surface temperature variations, including both both diurnal warming and cool-skin effects, that has been used since 2017 in the near-real-time GEOS FP (forward processing) weather analysis and forecasting system. The diurnal cycle of SST in that version of the GEOS atmospheric data assimilation system (ADAS) undergoes a sharp decay in the late afternoon (local time). The updated AOIL presented here includes a modification of the similarity function used in the diurnal warming model. Results from offline model runs illustrate an improvement in the near-surface (less than 0:5m depth) diurnal cycle compared to the original formulation. The new formulation requires minimal parameter tuning, and the improvements are robust across long (several month) simulation periods. This new model formulation, however, retains some deficiences from the previous module, such as a small warm bias in calm wind conditions for water depths below 1m. Our future work would include surface salinification and sea-ice into the AOIL
Semi-global Exponential Stability for Dual Quaternion Based Rigid-Body Tracking Control
Semi-Global Exponential Stability (SGES) is proved for the combined attitude
and position rigid body motion tracking problem, which was previously only
known to be asymptotically stable. Dual quaternions are used to jointly
represent the rotational and translation tracking error dynamics of the rigid
body. A novel nonlinear feedback tracking controller is proposed and a Lyapunov
based analysis is provided to prove the semi-global exponential stability of
the closed-loop dynamics. Our analysis does not place any restrictions on the
reference trajectory or the feedback gains. This stronger SGES result aids in
further analyzing the robustness of the rigid body system by establishing
Input-to-State Stability (ISS) in the presence of time-varying additive and
bounded external disturbances. Motivated by the fact that in many aerospace
applications, stringent adherence to safety constraints such as approach path
and input constraints is critical for overall mission success, we present a
framework for safe control of spacecraft that combines the proposed feedback
controller with Control Barrier Functions. Numerical simulations are provided
to verify the SGES and ISS results and also showcase the efficacy of the
proposed nonlinear feedback controller in several non-trivial scenarios
including the Mars Cube One (MarCO) mission, Apollo transposition and docking
problem, Starship flip maneuver, collision avoidance of spherical robots, and
the rendezvous of SpaceX Dragon 2 with the International Space Station.Comment: 25 page
Structural Studies on Dy to 119 GPa and Applications to Lanthanide Systematics
Abstract The Rare Earth elements (REE) are known to undergo crystallographic as well as electronic structure changes with applied pressure. On increasing pressure, the trivalent lanthanides follow the sequence hcp Sm-type dhcp fcc dfcc. In this report we present room-temperature high-pressure x-ray diffraction data for Dy as well as our observations on the post-dfcc phases and concomitant volume changes in the heavy REE
LIONS: An AWGR-Based Low-Latency Optical Switch for High-Performance Computing and Data Centers
This paper discusses the architecture of an arrayed waveguide grating router (AWGR)-based low-latency interconnect optical network switch called LIONS, and its different loopback buffering schemes. A proof of concept is demonstrated with a 4 x 4 experimental testbed. A simulator was developed to model the LIONS architecture and was validated by comparing experimentally obtained statistics such as average end-to-end latency with the results produced by the simulator. Considering the complexity and cost in implementing loopback buffers in LIONS, we propose an all-optical negative acknowledgement (AO-NACK) architecture in order to remove the need for loopback buffers. Simulation results for LIONS with AO-NACK architecture and distributed loopback buffer architecture are compared with the performance of the flattened butterfly electrical switching network
HTA: A Scalable High-Throughput Accelerator for Irregular HPC Workloads
We propose a new architecture called HTA for high throughput irregular HPC applications with little data reuse. HTA reduces the contention within the memory system with the help of a partitioned memory controller that is amenable for 2.5D implementation using Silicon Photonics. In terms of scalability, HTA supports 4 × higher number of compute units compared to the state-of-the-art GPU systems. Our simulation-based evaluation on a representative set of HPC benchmarks shows that the proposed design reduces the queuing latency by 10% to 30%, and improves the variability in memory access latency by 10% to 60%. Our results show that the HTA improves the L1 miss penalty by 2.3 × to 5 × over GPUs. When compared to a multi-GPU system with the same number of compute units, our simulation results show that the HTA can provide up to 2 × speedup
[1,2-Bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane]-diiodidoplatinum(II) dichloromethane disolvate
In the title compound, [PtI2(C26H24P2)]·2CH2Cl2, the PtI2(dppe) [dppe = 1,2-bisÂ(diphenylÂphosphino)ethane] molÂecules possess twofold rotation symmetry. The Pt coordination displays a square-planar arrangement, with the sum of the angles around the Pt atom being 360.01 (2)°. The Pt-I distance is 2.6484 (5) Ă…. In the crystal structure, interÂmolecular C-H...I contacts link the PtI2(dppe) molÂecules into rows along the c axis, with a C...I distance of 3.873 (5) Ă…
trans-Bromohydridobis-(triphenylphosphine)platinum(II)
The title compound, [PtBrH(C18H15P)2], has a square-planar environment around the Pt atom, with the hydride and bromide ligands being exactly collinear with Pt since they all lie on a crystallographic twofold rotation axis, and with mutually trans triphenylÂphosphine ligands with a P-Pt-P bond angle that is slightly bent towards the hydride [P-Pt-P = 170.81 (5)°]. The Pt-H distance (1.610 Ă…) is in good agreement with those found in structures determined by neutron diffraction
- …