Kajian Umum tentang Keuangan Daerah

Pemerintah berupaya terus dalam rangka meningkatkan sumber dana pembangunan baik yang dimiliki sendiri ataupun yang bersumber dari Pemerintah pusat. Pemerintah daerah dituntut untuk lebih aktif dalam menemukan dan menggali sumber-sumber pendapatan asli daerah (PAD) yang cenderung akan meningkat sebagai akibat dan meningkatnya hasil-hasil pembangunan itu sendiri. Sumber pendapatan asli daerah Pajak Daerah, Bagian Laba Badan Usaha Milik Daerah, Lain-lain Pendapatan Daerah yang sah, dan Retribusi daerah

Monthly Water Balance Analysis for the Determination of Available Growing Season at North Samarinda district, East Kalimantan

North Samarinda District this geographical area position 0o17’30”-0o30’00” LS dan 117o06’00”-117o22’00” BT, with the 31 475 Ha. Characteristics of rain this area included in he Area Class III (1500 – 2000 mm/ year). With the Bimodel or Double Wave rainfall models with C patern. The hight rainfall depth periode at December and April, therefore the low rainfall depth at September and November. Have level Q = ± 9.9 %, or rainfall tipe A (very wet area with tropical wet vegetation) and E1 agroclimte zone. Water Balance monthly indicated that this area have potential growing season about 12 months or all year round, have to water surplus 8 month as much as 478, 8 mm year-1 and water deficits about 3 months as much as 44.5 mm/year

Levels of Cuprum (Cu) and Plumbum (Pb) in Shrimp in the traditional market and their impacts towards the environmental health

Absorption of heavy metals by the main shrimp Cuprum (Cu) and Plumbum (Pb) will be accumulated in the body and cannot be biodegradable and accumulated in living tissue. Cuprum and plumbum in small amounts are needed in the body's metabolic process but exposure in excess amounts is toxic, so that at a certain level it can increase the risk of death. Heavy metal pollution often comes from human activities, namely industrial waste disposal, domestic waste or pesticide use in agricultural cultivation, plantations, as well as fisheries businesses, especially shrimp farming. This study aims to identify the magnitude of the average levels of cuprum (Cu) and plumbum (Pb) heavy metals in various types of shrimp available in traditional markets, by comparing the average levels of cuprum (Cu) and plumbum (Pb) of various types of shrimp, observation as well done by comparing the physical size of shrimp based on the type of shrimp. and determination of cuprum (Cu) and plumbum (Pb) levels was carried out by atomic absorption spectrometry. The results of research on shrimp sold in the traditional market of Surabaya, showed that the smaller the physical shrimp, the higher levels of cuprum (Cu) and plumbum (PB) will be higher. The highest Cuprum (Cu) and Plumbum (Pb) levels were found in Vannamei (Litopenaeus vannamei) shrimp, Cuprum (Cu) levels of 8,811 mgCu / kg, and Plumbum (Pb) of 1,990 mgPb / kg, on Windu shrimp (Panaeus monodon) Cuprum (Cu) levels of 7,886 mgCu / kg, and Plumbum (Pb) of 0.735 mgPb / kg, whereas for giant prawns (Macrobrachium rosenbergii de Mann) showed levels of Cuprum (Cu) of 5,814 mgCu / kg and Plumbum (Pb) of 0.728 mgPb / kg; this average level is higher than the WHO standard of 0.691 mgCu / kg for Cu, and 0.715 mgPb / kg for Pb

Study the Use of Pesticides on the Health of Vegetable Farmers in the Village Tulungrejo, Bumiaji District, Malang Regency

Efforts to increase agricultural output, especially horticulture continue to be done, for the purposes of these widely used pesticides intensively. The negative impact would increase: this is due to excessive use of pesticides and tent to ignore the rules of use that has been set. It is expected to affect the health of residents around the area of agriculture. The study was conducted in the village Tulungrejo, Bumiaji District, Marang Regency. The aims to determine levels of cholinesterase, BUN (Blood Urea Nitrogen) and creatine in the blood of vegetable farming communities as a result of pesticide use. The proportion of incidence of poisoning in farming communities in lndonesia as a result of environmental pollution due to pesticide use is 35% (0.3). in order to obtain sufficiently accurate data then used a sample of 144 people. touched pesticides grouped by activity. The average levels of cholinesterase in the blood at the lowest active farmer group compared with the group of family farmers and rural communities (63.333%, 72.368%, 95.294%). Land area and a dose of pesticide active influence on farmers groups. Use of pesticides not affect the levels of BUN and creatinine in the blood of three groups of vegetable farming communities, generally did not differ significantly and were within normal limits (15.1l8 mg / dl; 14.368% mg / dl; 15.324 mg / dl) and (1.1 37 mg / dl ; 1.122 mg / dl; 1.160 mg / dl)