The Effect of Equity Financing on Entrepreneurship Business Development in Lagos State, Nigeria

The paper investigates the effect of equity form of financing on entrepreneurship business development in Lagos State, Nigeria. A total sample size of 240 business enterprise of various categories was interviewed in three Local governments (Lagos Island, Ojo and Alimosho) in Lagos state through the administration of questionnaires. Frequency table and descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data collected. The result obtained from frequency indicated that65% of entrepreneurs indicated that government programmes such as: NERFUND, CBN, SSICS, NBCI funding of small-scale enterprise has been assisting entrepreneurship business development. Also, the greater proportion of entrepreneurs agreed that they took short term loans to finance their businesses. However, one of the findings from hypotheses testing clarified that there was positive effect of equity financing on entrepreneurship business development in Lagos state. The paper hereby recommends that Banks should cooperate more in assisting small-scale entrepreneurs to grow, and not just granting them short term loans so that the country’s (Nigeria’s) business unit can develop more

Undergraduates Perspectives on Sex Education and Teenage Pregnancy in Covenant University, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria

This study examines undergraduates' perspective on sex education and teenage pregnancy in Covenant University, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria. The study population was 250 undergraduates of Covenant University. Frequency tables, linear regression analysis and analysis of variance were used to analyze the data collected via self-administered questionnaires. Two hypotheses were tested in this study. The results derived from this study are: firstly, that the level of awareness on sex education is significantly related to teenage pregnancy .. Secondly, the t statistics at p=O.OOO shows that there is a high significant relationship between the use of contraceptive and teenage pregnancy. Also, the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) indicated that at p= 0.000, there is a high significant relationship between sex education and teenage pregnancy. Thus, the paper recommends the following: Firstly, that there should be, as a matter of urgency, the establishment of functional youth-friendly services that will enable teenagers to express their opinions on sexual activity. Secondly, teenagers should be exposed to basic sex education in both primary and secondary schools so that contraceptive methods and their usage will not be strange to them. Thirdly, training of teenagers by healthcare service providers should be made available to the teenagers so that they would be able to open up on matters relating to their sexual life

Effect of smoking, drying and the combination of smoking-drying on the nutritional and sensory attributes of catfish (Clarias gariepinus)

Poor post harvesting technology such as handling, preservation and processing can lead to an unhealthy situation through massive spoilage and waste. This study assessed the effect of smoking, drying and the combination of smoking-drying on the nutritional and sensory attributes of catfish. Six kilograms of average fresh catfish were washed, eviscerated, drained, and divided into four portions of 1.5 kg each. Sample A served as control (fresh fish), while samples B, C, D were dried, smoked, dried and smoked fish respectively. Samples were analyzed using standard methods. The results of proximate analyses of samples showed that the moisture content ranged from 20.1 to 75.0 %, the protein content from 21.7 to 63.0 %, the fat content from 0.5 to 8.6 %, while the crude fibre ranged from 0.0 to 0.04 %. The total ash ranged from 1.1 to 4.9 %, while Carbohydrate (NFE) ranged from 0.1 to 3.5 %. Significant difference (p>0.05) was observed in the free fatty acids and pH of sample C compared to other samples. The total plate count ranged from 2.4 to 4.3x10-5 CFU/g. The sensory attributes result showed that sample D was the most preferred and acceptable. The study showed that dried-smoked fish had a better quality and was more preferred for consumption than singly dried or smoked catfis

Breadfruit starch-wheat flour noodles: preparation, proximate compositions and culinary properties

Proximate compositions, culinary and sensory properties of noodles prepared from proportionate combinations of breadfruit starch and wheat flour were investigated. Breadfruit starch (BS) isolated from matured breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis) was used to produce noodles in combination with hard red wheat flour (WF) at a ratio of 100% WF:0% BS, 80% WF:20% BS, 60% WF:40% BS, 40% WF:60% BS, 20% WF:80% BS. The protein, fat, ash, crude fibre and moisture contents of the Breadfruit starch-Wheat flour (BSWF) noodles prepared from the above blends ranged from 0.65 to 10.88%, 0.35 to 3.15%, 1.28 to 2.25%, 1.18 to 1.45% and 4.65 to 5.45%, respectively. The contents of protein, fat, ash and crude fibre increased as the percentage breadfruit starch decreased. However, values of moisture content did not follow the same trend, instead higher values were found for 100% BS:0% WF (5.35%) and 20% BS:80% WF (5.45%). The cooking yield of the BSWF noodles ranged from 21.02 (60% BS:40% WF) to 23.75 g (100% BS:0% WF), cooking loss ranged from 5.49 (20% BS:80% WF) to 9.19% (100% BS:0% WF), while swelling index ranged from 3.1 (20% BS:80% WF) to 3.4 (100% BS:0% WF). Throughout the study, noodles produced from blends of 20% breadfruit starch and 80% wheat flour showed superior proximate, culinary and sensory attributes

Development of a Machine for Expressing Vernonia amygdalina Leaf Juice

Vernonia amygdalina leaf juice is known for its nutritive value and as food supplement. There is therefore, a need for a simple processing device for the leaf juice expression. This study developed a machine for producing contamination-free V. amygdalina leaf juice. The design of the machine was based on the principle of a pressure deferential applied to the incoming leaf mash compared with that applied to the discharged material. Macerated leaves were compressed through a tapered screw conveyor; whose shaft terminates as a rising but short conical kink. The maximum juice yield of 41.39% was expressed from the leaf mash at pressing pressure and residence time of 6.09 MPa and 11 min, respectively. The throughput of the machine was 9.60 kg/h and the juice extraction rate was 1.86/h at leaf to water ratio of 1: 0.8. The maximum juice expression efficiency was 15.54% at 1: 1.2 leaf to water ratio, 60 rpm constant rotational motor speed and 11.99 kg/h feeding rate. Approximately 26.38% of the inherent moisture content of the leaf was expressed by the machine. It is expected that the machine may be used to express juice from other plant leaves having comparative physical properties. The machine therefore provides a viable technique for mechanical expression of good quality V. amygdalina leaf juice.

Attitude of Lagos Residents towards Women Living with HIV/AIDS in Lagos

The paper investigates the attitude of Lagos residents towards women living with ll!V /t\ll)S in l.agos State. Two hundred and thirty women who are currently living with HIV/AlDS were interviewed through questionnaires administration in the study location. Frequency tables and Cross tabulations were used to analyze the data collected. The two major findings of this study are: firstly, that there arc stigmati;ration and discrimination against women living with HTV/AIDS positive by their families, work organizations, government at various levels, health-care delivery centres and religious affiliations in l .agos state. Secondly, greater proportions of respondents who revealed their TTTV/ AIDS positive status have difficultics in relationships and marriages. The paper recommends that all forms of stigmati;ration and discrimination against women living with TTTV/AIDS positive by their families, work organi;r.ations. government at various levels, health-care delivery centres and religious affiliations should stop immediately in l.agos state, Nigeria

Evaluation of Agronomic and Physiological Characteristics of Ten Castor Bean Plant Accessions in Ogbomoso, Nigeria

In spite of numerous industrial benefit of castor plant (Ricinus communis L.), its production is hindered due to lack of adequate agronomic practices. Field experiments were conducted at the Teaching and Research Farm, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria during 2014 and 2015 cropping seasons to evaluate the performance of ten accessions of castor plant. The treatments consisted of nine improved accessions of castor plant and a local variety. In each year, the 10 treatments were laid out in completely randomize block design and replicated three times. Data were collected on growth, seed yield and yield attributes parameters. Data collected in 2014 and 2015 were pooled and subjected to analysis of variance while means were separated using Least Significant Difference at 5% probability level. Growth, yield and yield attributes parameters of castor plant accessions were significantly influenced (p≤0.05). NCRICAS041 produced the tallest plant (190.0 cm) at harvest which was significantly taller than others. The highest mean number of capsules per raceme (150.33) produced by NCRICAS056 was significantly higher than others. NCRICAS056 produced the highest seed yield (1,919 kg/ha) while NCRICAS057 gave the least (1,047 kg/ha). The results of accessions seed yield attributes did not followed any specific other. In conclusion, variability among the accessions in growth and seed yield were apparent. Accessions NCRICAS041 and NCRICAS056 performed better than the locally sourced CASGPMAN. They are therefore recommended for the study area. Keywords: Castor, Accessions, Growth parameter, Seed, Seed attributes, DOI: 10.7176/JNSR/9-18-03 Publication date:September 30th 201

Attitude of Lagos Residents towards Women Living with HIV/AIDS in Lagos

The paper investigates the attitude of Lagos residents towards women living with ll!V /t\ll)S in l.agos State. Two hundred and thirty women who are currently living with HIV/AlDS were interviewed through questionnaires administration in the study location. Frequency tables and Cross tabulations were used to analyze the data collected. The two major findings of this study are: firstly, that there arc stigmati;ration and discrimination against women living with HTV/AIDS positive by their families, work organizations, government at various levels, health-care delivery centres and religious affiliations in l .agos state. Secondly, greater proportions of respondents who revealed their TTTV/ AIDS positive status have difficultics in relationships and marriages. The paper recommends that all forms of stigmati;ration and discrimination against women living with TTTV/AIDS positive by their families, work organi;r.ations. government at various levels, health-care delivery centres and religious affiliations should stop immediately in l.agos state, Nigeria