Congenital Intranasal Glioma

Congenital midline swellings of nose are encountered rarely, and nasal gliomas constitute about 5% of such lesions. Various theories have been suggested to explain the pathogenesis. Imaging preferably by MRI is mandated to study the extent and to rule out intracranial extension. Treatment is complete excision, and the approach depends upon the extent of the lesion and availability of expertise. We present the management of one such case of congenital intranasal glioma without any intracranial extension that presented as a septal polyp

Appendicocecal Fistula – A Rare Complication of Appendicitis

Fistulisation of appendix to other organs or to the exterior through abdominal wall is a rare complication of appendicitis. We present one such rare case of appendicocecal fistula due to appendicitis in a patient initially managed conservatively for appendicular lum

Assessment of bacteriological profile and wound infection in open and laparoscopic gall bladder surgery

Background: Cholecystectomy is one of the most frequent types of abdominal surgery performed in the world. Generally, there is minimal risk of serious postoperative complications. One of the complications is Surgical Site Infection, which can be caused by bile leakage and intraoperative contamination. Methods: This prospective study was conducted in department of General Surgery, SKIMS medical college Srinagar, from June 2020 to July 2023 comprising of 100 patients. All patients undergoing the procedure were observed for wound infection. Results: A total of 100 patients were studied with female to male ratio of 2:3. The mean age was 50.24±12.25 with 54% elderly patients. The average hospital stay was 4.02±07. 88% subjects belonged to ASA II Category with Hypertension and hyperthyroidism as common comorbidity. 11 patients got wound infection including 9 from open cholecystectomy and 02 from laparoscopic cholecystectomy with most patients belonging to elderly age group. Wound culture was positive in 9 out of 11 subjects of open cholecystectomy. E. coli was seen to be a major causal bacterial agent. Bile culture was positive in 8 patients. Both genders were almost equally affected by wound infection. Meropenem, Ceftriaxone, Gentamicin and Amikacin showed the highest number of antibiotic sensitivities tested in case of wound cultures. Conclusions: The prevalence of positive wound culture in uncomplicated laparoscopic cholecystectomy is low as compared to open procedure. Elderly age, co-morbid patients, patients who had history of jaundice, recent history of cholecystitis were at higher risk of wound infections

Reactive Oxygen Species, Oxidative Damage and Their Production, Detection in Common Bean (<em>Phaseolus vulgaris</em> L.) under Water Stress Conditions

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) being small and highly reactive oxygen containing molecules play significant role in intracellular signaling and regulation. Various environmental stresses lead to excessive production of ROS causing progressive oxidative damage and ultimately cell death. This increased ROS production is, however, tightly controlled by a versatile and cooperative antioxidant system that modulates intracellular ROS concentration and controls the cell’s redox status. Furthermore, ROS enhancement under stress serves as an alarm signal, triggering acclimatory/defense responses via specific signal transduction pathways involving H2O2 as a secondary messenger. Nevertheless, if water stress is prolonged over to a certain extent, ROS production will overwhelm the scavenging action of the anti-oxidant system resulting in extensive cellular damage and death. DAB (3,3′-diaminobenzidine) test serves as an effective assessment of oxidative damage under stress. It clearly differentiates the lines on the basis of darker staining of leaves under water stress. The lines showing greater per cent reduction in yield parameters show greater staining in DAB assay underlining the reliability of using this assay as a reliable supplement to phenotyping protocols for characterizing large germplasm sets

ANALYSIS OF INDIA’S TRADE RELATION WITH AFRICA

The paper applies basic and augmented gravity model to estimate India’s trade potential with different African countries. Panel data for the period 2010-2017 is employed in the analysis. The results obtained from the model are then used to predict trade potential between India and African Countries. Results reveal that India's trade potential is tremendous in these countries. However, some important obstacles account for the low level of trade between India and African countries which specifically include negligible market access, trade facilitation issues and asymmetric information. To reap the trade potential and to enhance trade between India and African countries, India should put effort

Deteriorating agriculture: it's reasons and impacts on socio-economic profile of J&K state

In terms of dependence on livelihoods and employment, the state of Jammu and Kashmir can be considered as agrarian, hence the overwhelming majority of the people live in rural areas. There are many reasons that have led to a dwindling share of GDP of the sector at a time when it should have retained its role given large proportion of people depending on it. These include: Reduction in public expenditure in the sector after reforms, decrease in agricultural land due to conversion, lack of appropriate irrigation facilities, and acute lack of infrastructure, lack of quality pesticides, occasional flooding, and lack of research. This imbalance between production and employment has resulted into compromised socio-economic profile of the state which includes: Low per capita income, compromised Food security, large Capital outflow, and Low employment. Therefore, in a bid to arrest any further deterioration in its socioeconomic profile, it is imperative for the state to initiate a stream of measures that will enhance the productivity in the sector and safeguard it from undue competition from abroad

Deteriorating agriculture: it's reasons and impacts on socio-economic profile of J&K state

In terms of dependence on livelihoods and employment, the state of Jammu and Kashmir can be considered as agrarian, hence the overwhelming majority of the people live in rural areas. There are many reasons that have led to a dwindling share of GDP of the sector at a time when it should have retained its role given large proportion of people depending on it. These include: Reduction in public expenditure in the sector after reforms, decrease in agricultural land due to conversion, lack of appropriate irrigation facilities, and acute lack of infrastructure, lack of quality pesticides, occasional flooding, and lack of research. This imbalance between production and employment has resulted into compromised socio-economic profile of the state which includes: Low per capita income, compromised Food security, large Capital outflow, and Low employment. Therefore, in a bid to arrest any further deterioration in its socioeconomic profile, it is imperative for the state to initiate a stream of measures that will enhance the productivity in the sector and safeguard it from undue competition from abroad

Non Obstetric Acute Abdomen in Pregnancy – An Experience from Kashmir

Objectives: The objective of this study was to study the profile of pregnant patients who were managed by general surgical unit of a referral hospital in Kashmir valley for non obstetric causes of acute abdomen over a period of seven years. Methods: The study was done retrospectively after acquiring data from databank related to pregnant patients managed for acute abdomen over a period of seven years (from January 2006 to December 2012) in the general surgical department of the medical college of SK Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, Kashmir. Results: 49 non obstetric acute abdomen were managed in pregnant females over a period of seven years. 23 (46.9%) patients reported with a delay of more than 12 hours and 34 (69.4%) cases underwent surgical interventions. Appendicitis was the commonest cause of acute abdomen and Ultrasonography was the only imaging modality utilized. Only 3 cases had preterm labor. Conclusions: Acute abdomen in pregnant females should be assessed with high level of suspicion .Delay in presentation and intervention leads to adverse outcomes

Primary colonic liposarcoma presenting as intussusception: A case report from the Kashmir valley

Rationale: Soft tissue sarcoma (STS) arises from mesenchymal tissue and can occur at any anatomic site and age. These tumors can originate from skeletal muscle, adipose tissue, vascular tissues, or connective tissues. Liposarcoma (LPS) is the most frequent type of sarcoma and is commonly found in the retroperitoneal region. Patient Concerns: A case of colonic liposarcoma in a young female patient presented with sub-acute intestinal obstruction due to intussusception. The patient was only 17-years-old, much younger than the average age of occurrence, and thus represents the first case report of primary colonic liposarcoma in this age group. Diagnosis: The patient was resuscitated and subjected to standard investigations. An ultrasonography abdomen/ pelvis revealed colo-colic intussusception and CECT abdomen showed evidence of an enhancing mass within the lumen of the transverse colon. Interventions: The patient was subjected to exploratory laparotomy with segmental colonic resection and primary colo-colic anastomosis. Outcomes: The histopathology and immunohistochemistry revealed the morphology of high grade colonic liposarcoma. The patient is doing well eight months after surgery and is being monitored on a regular basis. Lessons: The primary gastrointestinal liposarcoma tumors are uncommon and colonic variants are extremely rare, especially in the second decade of life, and limited to case reports which can be counted on fingertips. Surgical resection with negative margins is the only curative treatment