Retrospective evaluation of the efficacy, safety and satisfaction of AyurCoro3 : A patient-reported outcomes study

Background: At the backdrop of absence of any approved treatment for COVID-19 infections, Ayurvedic treatment can be explored for its potential. AyurCoro-3 is a combination of Gomutra (bos indicus urine), hot water, turmeric, Turati churna (potassium Alum), candy sugar (khadisakhar), Bos indicus milk with two teaspoons of Go Ghrut (Ghee) with antimicrobial and immunomodulatory properties. The present study evaluated the responses from individuals who consumed Ayurcoro-3. Methods: A retrospective observational study was carried out based on the participants who consumed Ayurcoro-3. Participants were asked about their reasons for taking the drug, whether as prophylaxis/treatment, duration of symptoms following the drug intake compared to baseline, their satisfaction with Ayurcoro-3, and adverse events. Results: Two thousand participants were recruited, and majority consumed Ayurcoro-3 as a prophylactic drug (1285, 64.25 %). Amongst those who were symptomatic, 317 had cough and 328 had fever, and 299 had positive RT-PCR test. The mean (SD) duration of symptoms were significantly shorter following the intake of Aurcoro-3 as follows: cough [before: 4.64 (3.26), after: 2.26 (1.34) days; p < 0.05], fever [before: 4.16(2.40), after: 2.15(1.34) days; p < 0.05], breathlessness [before: 5.56 (2.66), after: 2.30 (1.19) days; p < 0.05], and weakness [before: 5.69 (3.08), after: 2.36 (1.13) days; p < 0.05]. Majority of the participants stated that they were very satisfied with Ayurcoro-3. None of the participants reported any serious adverse reaction and only few adverse events were reported. Conclusion: We found that Ayurcoro-3 to be highly effective and safe in preventing/treating COVID-19 related symptoms and the patients are highly satisfied with the response

A prospective, multi center, single blind, randomized controlled study evaluating “AyurCoro3” as an adjuvant in the treatment of mild to moderate COVID-19 patients

Background: There is so far no proven treatment for the unprecedented COVID-19 infections. Ayurveda holds promise in the treatment of this viral infection. We carried out a randomized controlled trial of ‘AyurCoro-3’, a combination of Gomutra (Bos indicus urine), hot water, turmeric, Turati Churna (potassium Alum), candy sugar (Khadisakhar), Bos indicus milk with two teaspoons of Go Ghrut (Ghee) as an adjuvant to standard care, in comparison to standard care alone in patients with mild-to-moderate COVID-19 infections. Methods: A randomized, blinded, controlled trial was carried out in adult patients diagnosed with mild-to-moderate COVID-19 infections confirmed by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test. Interventional group was administered single dose of ‘AyurCoro-3’ as an adjuvant with standard care, and the control group received only standard of care. Validated clinical improvement scale was used for evaluating the clinical improvement, time of resolution of presenting symptoms, duration of hospitalization, proportion of patients requiring mechanical ventilation, and functional status scale were the key outcomes. Results: One-hundred and seventy-four patients were recruited. Significantly more proportions of patients had resolution of all symptoms (cough, fever, breathlessness, weakness, and tastelessness) in the interventional group compared to control. Similarly, the interventional group also had shorter time for clinical improvement as well as shorter time of resolution for cough, breathlessness, and weakness. No significant differences were observed in the duration of hospitalization, proportion of patients requiring mechanical ventilation, functional status scale, and adverse events between the groups. Conclusion: The Ayurvedic medicine ‘AyurCoro-3’ was observed to significantly shorten the duration of COVID-19 infections and was well tolerated

Study on water and gas permeation characteristics with ZIF-8 mixed matrix membranes

The membrane separation process lacks intrinsic permeation characteristics to compete with other separation technologies like adsorption, sedimentation, coagulation, skimming, and distillation. A mixed matrix membrane (MMM) is one of the strategies to improve the separation characteristics with embedded nanofillers particles. Zeolite imidazolate framework (ZIF) has a new subclass of inorganic–organic hybrid materials that are being introduced as new fillers for incorporation into the polymer matrix for various applications such as oily wastewater separation, wastewater treatment, natural gas dehydration, landfill gas upgrading, and mixed gas separation. In this experimental work, a metal-organic framework called ZIF-8 was synthesized and used as a filler for modification of MMMs and characterized with FTIR and SEM. ZIF-8 nanoparticles up to 5 wt% loading were added to PSF casting solution then the permeation characteristics of MMMs showed an improved result like the pure water flux of the modified membrane at 2.5 bar was increased up to 456.38 L/m2h. In the case of pure gas separation, at 5 wt% ZIF-8 loading in PSF, the pure gas CO2 permeability at 9 bar pressure had increased to 10.54 barrer. HIGHLIGHTS We have studied water and gas permeation characteristics incorporated with ZIF-8 containing mixed matrix membranes.; ZIF-8 was made as a gateway for quick transport of CO2 gas molecules and water molecules through the polymer matrix.; As per the observed results, higher permeability of the MMMs can be possible with higher loading of ZIF-8.

Ultrafiltration study of the polysulfone membrane modified with branched polyethyleneimine

This work discussed the fabrication of polysulfone (PSF) ultrafiltration membranes with hydrophilic behaviour by adding branched polyethyleneimine (PEI) as an additive. By directly blending the base polymer and the additive in the organic solvent, the casting solution is prepared. An asymmetric ultrafiltration membrane was fabricated by the phase inversion method. The presence of PEI was confirmed by comparing the IR spectra of the plain PSF membrane and the modified PSF membrane. A scanning electron microscope was used for the comparison of morphological changes in plain and modified membranes. The membrane was characterised with respect to bovine serum albumin (BSA) adsorption, pure water flux, permeability, compaction factor, humic acid (HA) rejection, and water uptake. The fouling resistance behaviour is prompted due to the presence of hydrophilic PEI chains in the membrane. As a result, pure water flux and flux recovery ratio increased from 28.84 to 326.54 L/m2h and from 0.526 to 0.954 L/m2hkPa for the modified membrane with respect to the plain membrane, respectively. HIGHLIGHTS Polysulfone (PSF) ultrafiltration membranes with hydrophilic behaviour by adding the polyethyleneimine branched (PEI) as an additive were fabricated.; High percentage of HA rejection was achieved with good antifouling properties.; BSA adsorption also decreased with respect to the weight percentage of PEI.