An Investigation Of Deferred Income Taxes During A Recessionary Period

Utilizing a random sample of 80 Canadian public companies, this thesis establishes that a significant increase in the number and magnitude of deferred income tax drawdowns occurred in the recessionary period of the early 1980s. The behaviour of deferred income tax expense is then investigated to determine if the observed increase in drawdowns related to a reduction in fixed asset additions or was the result of accounting losses.;The existing literature on deferred income taxes implicitly assumes that drawdowns are the result of involuntary reversals of timing differences that result in a sacrifice of economic resources. However, the data gathered from financial statements leads one to believe that many drawdowns, and in particular the larger ones, are the result of accounting losses.;It was not possible to determine the exact proportion of drawdowns resulting from losses as current Canadian accounting standards do not require that the reason for a drawdown be provided. For this reason, the researcher contacted management of 13 of the companies experiencing drawdowns in the early 1980s. The result was a substantiation of the belief that losses were a very important factor underlying the increase in drawdowns. It is believed that this has the potential to mislead a financial statement reader as a company\u27s consolidated financial statements can indicate a profit, yet the drawdown can relate to losses in one or more subsidiaries. This is due to a Canadian requirement that each legal entity file its own separate tax return and therefore each separate legal entity in the consolidated group must individually determine its deferred income tax.;In addition, a review of companies notes relating to loss carryforwards indicated potential departures from the CICA Handbook and a lack of data that the researcher believes is necessary for a usesr to make an assessment of the potential benefit that may be associated with these loss carryforwards.;Partial tax allocation, using the deferral method, is recommended for rapid write-off assets such as Class 29 assets, but the critical recommendations relate to disclosure. Current Canadian accounting standards do not require disclosure of the reasons for changes in deferred income taxes, yet the data analyzed shows that it is not possible to make accurate inferences about this behaviour from companies\u27 financial statements. The recommendations on disclosure are designed to rectify this problem

Effects of training and albuterol on pain and fatigue in facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy

Contains fulltext : 51802.pdf (publisher's version ) (Closed access)BACKGROUND : We recently reported a randomised controlled trial on the efficacy of strength training and the beta2-adrenergic agonist albuterol in patients with facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD). Strength training and albuterol appeared safe interventions with limited positive effect on muscle strength and volume. We concurrently explored the prevalence and the characteristics of pain and fatigue in the participating FSHD patients, because these are probably underreported but clinically relevant symptoms in this disorder. Next, we studied the effects of albuterol and strength training on pain, experienced fatigue, health-related functional status and psychological distress. METHODS : Sixty-five patients were randomised to strength training of elbow flexors and ankle dorsiflexors or non-training. After 26 weeks, albuterol (sustained-release, 8 mg bid) was added in a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled design. Outcomes comprised self-reported pain, experienced fatigue, functional status and psychological distress obtained with validated questionnaires at 52 weeks. RESULTS : Eighty percent of patients reported chronic persistent or periodic, multifocal pains. Thirty-four percent of the participants were severely fatigued. Strength training and albuterol failed to have a significant effect on all outcomes. CONCLUSIONS : Pain and fatigue are important features in FSHD. Strength training and albuterol do not have a positive or negative effect on pain, experienced fatigue, functional status and psychological distress

The sportsman's guide to north-western Rhodesia, the big game country

The knowledge of the fact that the stupendous Victoria Falls are now connected with the civilised world by means of an excellent railway service, is causing thousands of people, from all parts of the world, to visit this truly wonderful spot. It is, however, well to remember that North-Western Rhodesia has attractions other than sightseeing to offer, namely, big game shooting and excellent fishing. So much has been written concerning the Victoria Falls, and so well known are they, that I will content myself with describing, as fully as I am able, the delights in store for the sportsman.This book was digitised by using the Internet Archive Scribe scannersUniversity of Pretoriahttps://archive.org/details/sportsmansguidet00ait

Turquoise /

Includes bibliographical references.Mode of access: Internet

Mining laws of Cuba /

Mode of access: Internet

Mining laws of the Dominican Republic /

Mode of access: Internet

Feldspar gems : (Amazon stone, Moonstone, Sunstone, etc.) /

"Selected references", p. 10.Mode of access: Internet

Quartz gem stones /

Includes bibliographical references (p. 9).Mode of access: Internet

(2010 -2011) Assembly Resolution 11: In Support of Adopting a Climate Action Plan Calling for Carbon Neutrality

Governmen