Enhancing metal 3D printing with fused deposition modeling - a short review

Nowadays, additive manufacturing technology has many uses and has reached to incredible heights, but when it comes to 3D printing Metal, problems arise. Small organizations & businesses cannot even afford the costs associated with such specialized equipment since 3D printing in metal especially the SLM & EBM methods, is so expensive. Researchers have developed a novel way of 3D printing metal using Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) techniques to solve this problem. This article gives a short analysis of Metal 3D printing using the Fused Deposition Modeling technique

Develop interlocking concrete block pavement from portland cement, polystyrene and bottom ash on pedestrian road

This study presents to utilize agriculture waste (palm oil bottom ash) and polymer material (polystyrene) as a replacement of sand and aggregate a new sustainable interlocking concrete block pavement (ICBP). The bottom ash takes from palm oil mill incinerator at palm factory Belitong, Kluang, Johor. The expanded polystyrene is collected from electric shop and garbage collection center nearest Simpang Renggam, Johor. The bottom ash through the screening process in 4.75 mm sieve complying the BS 410. Only particle passing though the 4.75 mm sieve was be used in interlocking concrete block pavement production. Expanded polystyrene size from 2.5 to 4.0 mm. Concrete mix design for this interlocking concrete block sample with size 220 mm × 110 mm × 60 mm and divided by five (5) ratios where Portland cement is a consistent ratio with (40%) and different percentage ratio for bottom ash and polystyrene. Bottom ash percentage ratio is 0%, 20%. 20%, 40%, 60%, and polystyrene percentage ratio is 60%, 40%, 30%, 20%, 0%. According to the results, the optimum ratio of interlocking concrete block pavement is 30% bottom ash and 30% expanded polystyrene with average compressive strength 4.77 N/mm2 at days 28. The compressive strength is not archived the standard strength based on MS 1380:1995. From the result, percentages of bottom ash are significant value with compressive strength. However, water absorption and density are not significant with percentages of expanded polystyrene. The use of bottom ash in interlocking concrete block pavement in an alternative to encourage environmental protection in order to minimize waste material

Fire risk assessment of office building: UTHM Pagoh campus

Fire risk assessment is a matter of risk identification, risk assessment and risk control. Therefore, it is very important to ensure the safety of the building in good condition throughout the building especially in educational centers office. It is important to identify the fire hazard and the possible fire risk in our building. Thus, some of the case is conducted determine relative risks associated with the nature of the fire hazards that exist in the building in accordance with established standards and guidelines observed by expert panel and through literature review. The final objective of this research is tried to develop a quantitative fire risk assessment model based on collected data in a higher educational center office, Block A1 UTHM Pagoh Campus. The methodology of this study was conducted through two methods which were qualitative and quantitative. The qualitative method is through interviews with BOMBA Pagoh, UTHM Pagoh facility management as well as survey forms distributed to lecturers and students. This surveys data is running by Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS). Quantitative methods are based on the principles of Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and risk matrix. To analyze the data collected, Super Decision software is used where it helps to evaluate the probability of an accident. According to the order of priority, the final score calculated shows the risk assessment of fire safety can be determined based on the sum of the criterion scores. Further studies may be able to analyze the risks associated with the function of maximum fire temperature probability in the compartment in several types of buildings and appropriate measures to assess fire hazard risk

Modular synthesis of unsymmetrical [1]benzothieno[3,2-b][1]benzothiophene molecular semiconductors for organic transistors

A modular approach to underexplored, unsymmetrical [1]benzothieno[3,2-b][1]benzothiophene (BTBT) scaffolds delivers a library of BTBT materials from readily available coupling partners by combining a transition-metal free Pummerer CH–CH-type cross-coupling and a Newman–Kwart reaction. This effective approach to unsymmetrical BTBT materials has allowed their properties to be studied. In particular, tuning the functional groups on the BTBT scaffold allows the solid-state assembly and molecular orbital energy levels to be modulated. Investigation of the charge transport properties of BTBT-containing small-molecule:polymer blends revealed the importance of molecular ordering during phase segregation and matching the highest occupied molecular orbital energy level with that of the semiconducting polymer binder, polyindacenodithiophene-benzothiadiazole (PIDTBT). The hole mobilities extracted from transistors fabricated using blends of PIDTBT with phenyl or methoxy functionalized unsymmetrical BTBTs were double those measured for devices fabricated using pristine PIDTBT. This study underscores the value of the synthetic methodology in providing a platform from which to study structure–property relationships in an underrepresented family of unsymmetrical BTBT molecular semiconductors