1 research outputs found
Novel Antihypertensive Prodrug from Grape Seed Proanthocyanidin Extract via Acid-Mediated Depolymerization in the Presence of Captopril: Synthesis, Process Optimization, and Metabolism in Rats
Grape
seed extract contains a high content of proanthocyanidins
that can be depolymerized into C-4-substituted (epi)Âcatechin derivatives
in the presence of nucleophiles. However, the biological and medicinal
values of depolymerization products have been rarely investigated.
Recently, we developed a novel depolymerization product (−)-epicatechin-4β-<i>S</i>-captopril methyl ester (ECC) derived from the reaction
of grape seed proanthocyanidin extract with captopril in the presence
of acidified methanol. A central composite design was employed to
select the most appropriate depolymerization temperature and time
to obtain the target product ECC with a high yield. A total of 16
metabolites of ECC in rat urine, feces, and plasma were identified
using liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass
spectrometry. The <i>in vivo</i> results suggested that
ECC could release captopril methyl ester and epicatechin, followed
by the generation of further metabolites captopril and epicatechin
sulfate conjugates. Therefore, ECC may be used as a potential prodrug
with synergistic or additive hypotensive effects