Can They Build or Not? Non-profit Housing Development in an Era of Government Re-engagement

In the context of new government investment in housing, this article explores the experiences of nonprofit organizations in securing support for new affordable rental housing development in three regions across Canada. Many challenges were reported, including ones pertaining to administration (extensive proposal requirements, lack of information and communication, and lengthy review processes), and the design of funding programs (such as a lack of flexibility available to proponents). Participants also reported limitations to the amount and nature of support provided, challenges working across different levels of government, and an uneven playing field among nonprofit and for-profit housing developers. Overall, results show that despite significant and recent investments made available for affordable housing, the nonprofit sector faces many barriers in accessing these, and that significant changes are required so that housing organizations may provide rental units to those in greatest need

A Novel Image Encryption Algorithm Based on Improved Arnold Transform and Chaotic Pulse-Coupled Neural Network

Information security has become a focal topic in the information and digital age. How to realize secure transmission and the secure storage of image data is a major research focus of information security. Aiming at this hot topic, in order to improve the security of image data transmission, this paper proposes an image encryption algorithm based on improved Arnold transform and a chaotic pulse-coupled neural network. Firstly, the oscillatory reset voltage is introduced into the uncoupled impulse neural network, which makes the uncoupled impulse neural network exhibit chaotic characteristics. The chaotic sequence is generated by multiple iterations of the chaotic pulse-coupled neural network, and then the image is pre-encrypted by XOR operation with the generated chaotic sequence. Secondly, using the improved Arnold transform, the pre-encrypted image is scrambled to further improve the scrambling degree and encryption effect of the pre-encrypted image so as to obtain the final ciphertext image. Finally, the security analysis and experimental simulation of the encrypted image are carried out. The results of quantitative evaluation show that the proposed algorithm has a better encryption effect than the partial encryption algorithm. The algorithm is highly sensitive to keys and plaintexts, has a large key space, and can effectively resist differential attacks and attacks such as noise and clipping

Can They Build or Not? Nonprofit Housing Development in an Era of Government Re-Engagement

In the context of new government investment in housing, this article explores the experiences of nonprofit organizations in securing support for new affordable rental housing development in three regions across Canada. Many challenges were reported, including ones pertaining to administration (extensive proposal requirements, lack of information and communication, and lengthy review processes), and the design of funding programs (such as a lack of flexibility available to proponents). Participants also reported limitations to the amount and nature of support provided, challenges working across different levels of government, and an uneven playing field among nonprofit and for-profit housing developers. Overall, results show that despite significant and recent investments made available for affordable housing, the nonprofit sector faces many barriers in accessing these, and that significant changes are required so that housing organizations may provide rental units to those in greatest need.À un moment où les gouvernements investissent à nouveau dans le logement, nous nous penchons sur l’expérience des organismes à but non lucratif et leurs efforts pour obtenir des fonds pour la création de nouveaux logements dans trois régions au Canada. De nombreuses difficultés ont été soulignées, notamment en ce qui concerne l’administration (nombreuses exigences pour les demandes, manque d’information et de communication et long processus d’examen) et la conception des programmes de financement (y compris le manque de flexibilité accordée aux promoteurs). Les participants ont aussi soulevé les limites quant aux sommes et à la nature de l’aide fournies, les difficultés de travailler avec divers ordres de gouvernement et les inégalités entre les promoteurs de logements à but non lucratif et à but lucratif. Dans l’ensemble, nos résultats indiquent que malgré les investissements récents considérables dans le logement abordable, les organismes du secteur à but non lucratif se butent à beaucoup d’obstacles pour y accéder et que de nombreux changements s’imposent afin qu’ils puissent offrir des logements locatifs aux personnes qui en ont le plus besoin