Self-Trapping of Bose-Einstein Condensates in an Optical Lattice: the Effect of the System Dimension

In the present paper, we investigate the dynamics of a Bose-Einstein condensates (BEC) loaded into an deep optical lattice of 1D, 2D and 3D, both analytically and numerically. We focus on the self-trapping state and the effect of the system dimension. Under the tight-binding approximation we obtain an analytical criterion for the self-trapping state of BEC using time-dependent variational method. The phase diagram for self-trapping, soliton, breather, or diffusion of the BEC cloud is obtained accordingly and verified by directly solving the discrete Gross-Pitaevskii equation (GPE) numerically. In particular, we find that the criterion and the phase diagrams are modified dramatically by the dimension of the lattices.Comment: 8pages, 9 figure

A general approach to high-yield biosynthesis of chimeric RNAs bearing various types of functional small RNAs for broad applications.

RNA research and therapy relies primarily on synthetic RNAs. We employed recombinant RNA technology toward large-scale production of pre-miRNA agents in bacteria, but found the majority of target RNAs were not or negligibly expressed. We thus developed a novel strategy to achieve consistent high-yield biosynthesis of chimeric RNAs carrying various small RNAs (e.g. miRNAs, siRNAs and RNA aptamers), which was based upon an optimal noncoding RNA scaffold (OnRS) derived from tRNA fusion pre-miR-34a (tRNA/mir-34a). Multi-milligrams of chimeric RNAs (e.g. OnRS/miR-124, OnRS/GFP-siRNA, OnRS/Neg (scrambled RNA) and OnRS/MGA (malachite green aptamer)) were readily obtained from 1 l bacterial culture. Deep sequencing analyses revealed that mature miR-124 and target GFP-siRNA were selectively released from chimeric RNAs in human cells. Consequently, OnRS/miR-124 was active in suppressing miR-124 target gene expression and controlling cellular processes, and OnRS/GFP-siRNA was effective in knocking down GFP mRNA levels and fluorescent intensity in ES-2/GFP cells and GFP-transgenic mice. Furthermore, the OnRS/MGA sensor offered a specific strong fluorescence upon binding MG, which was utilized as label-free substrate to accurately determine serum RNase activities in pancreatic cancer patients. These results demonstrate that OnRS-based bioengineering is a common, robust and versatile strategy to assemble various types of small RNAs for broad applications

URL: Combating Label Noise for Lung Nodule Malignancy Grading

Due to the complexity of annotation and inter-annotator variability, most lung nodule malignancy grading datasets contain label noise, which inevitably degrades the performance and generalizability of models. Although researchers adopt the label-noise-robust methods to handle label noise for lung nodule malignancy grading, they do not consider the inherent ordinal relation among classes of this task. To model the ordinal relation among classes to facilitate tackling label noise in this task, we propose a Unimodal-Regularized Label-noise-tolerant (URL) framework. Our URL contains two stages, the Supervised Contrastive Learning (SCL) stage and the Memory pseudo-labels generation and Unimodal regularization (MU) stage. In the SCL stage, we select reliable samples and adopt supervised contrastive learning to learn better representations. In the MU stage, we split samples with multiple annotations into multiple samples with a single annotation and shuffle them into different batches. To handle label noise, pseudo-labels are generated using the similarity between each sample and the central feature of each class, and temporal ensembling is used to obtain memory pseudo-labels that supervise the model training. To model the ordinal relation, we introduce unimodal regularization to keep the ordinal relation among classes in the predictions. Moreover, each lung nodule is characterized by three orthographic views. Experiments conducted on the LIDC-IDRI dataset indicate the superiority of our URL over other competing methods. Code is available at https://github.com/axz520/UR.Comment: 11 pages, accepted by DALI@MICCAI202

Secure Direct Communication Based on Secret Transmitting Order of Particles

We propose the schemes of quantum secure direct communication (QSDC) based on secret transmitting order of particles. In these protocols, the secret transmitting order of particles ensures the security of communication, and no secret messages are leaked even if the communication is interrupted for security. This strategy of security for communication is also generalized to quantum dialogue. It not only ensures the unconditional security but also improves the efficiency of communication.Comment: To appear in Phys. Rev.

(S)-2-[(S,Z)-3-Bromo-1-nitro-4-phenyl­but-3-en-2-yl]cyclo­hexa­none

In the crystal structure of the title compound, C16H18BrNO3, the two stereogenic centres both have an S configuration. The cyclo­hexyl ring adopts a chair conformation. In the crystal, mol­ecules are linked by weak N—O⋯Br contacts [O⋯Br = 3.289 (4) Å]

1-(2,4-Dichloro­phen­yl)-4,4-dimethyl­pent-1-en-3-one

In the title compound, C13H14Cl2O, the carbonyl and ethenyl groups are coplanar with the aromatic ring. There are four molecules in the asymmetric unit and all atoms in the molecule lie on mirror planes. The mol­ecules are packed in an offset face-to-face arrangement showing π–π stacking inter­actions involving the benzene rings [centroid–centroid distance = 3.564 (2) Å]

Application and effect of vibration expectoration instrument in trauma-induced spinal cord injury patients with respiratory failure

目的 评估高位脊髓损伤术后合并呼吸衰竭患者使用振动排痰仪的疗效。比较常规气道吸痰护理及给予常规气道吸痰护理的基础上每天使用振动排痰仪辅助排痰2次后的预后有无差异；方法 将长征医院急救科ICU2013年1月—2014年1月收治的54例外伤致C3～C7高位脊髓损伤术后合并呼吸衰竭患者分成两组，其中对照组28例高位脊髓损伤术后并发呼吸衰竭给予常规气道吸痰护理，实验组26例高位脊髓损伤术后患者并发呼吸衰竭给予常规气道吸痰护理的基础上每天使用振动排痰仪辅助排痰2次。比较实验组患者及对照组患者的PaO2/FiO2、PCO2、PH、Ppeak比较。结果 实验组患者于治疗后氧合指数明显回升，肺部感染控制满意，脱机成功率较对照组明显增高。结论 振动排痰仪对高位脊髓损伤术后患者并发呼吸衰竭的患者辅助排痰效果明显，且安全可行，为解决高位脊髓损伤术后患者排痰困难及脱机困难提供了一个较好的方法。Object: To evaluate the curative effect of vibration expectoration instrument in traumatic spinal cord injury patients with respiratory failure. Method: Patients with postoperative spinal cord injury patients in combination with respiratory failure in Shanghai Changzheng Hosiptal ICU from 2013-01 to 2014-01 were selected and randomly divided into 2 groups. Control group: 28 cases were treated with conventional airway suctioning care; experimental group: 26 cases were treated with vibration expectoration 2 times a day besides conventional airway suctioning care. Compared the PaO2/FiO2, PaCO2, PH, Ppeak between the experimental group and control group, and made statistical analysis. Results: Patients in the experimental group had higher oxygenation index, reduced lung infection incidence, and less ventilator dependence. Conclusion: vibration expectoration instrument is safe and feasible for patients with spinal cord injury patients combined with respiratory failure, providing physicians a better way to promote expectoration and ventilator dependence

Understanding Personalization for Health Behavior Change Applications: A Review and Future Directions

Health behavior change (HBC) applications hold much promise for promoting healthy lifestyles, such as enhancing physical activity (PA), diet, and sleep. Incorporating personalization strategies is seen as key to designing effective HBC applications. However, researchers and application designers lack knowledge about the different kinds of personalization strategies, how to implement them, and what strategies work. Thus, we reviewed prior empirical studies on personalization for HBC applications and developed a framework to synthesize the prior studies we identified and to provide an integrative view of the personalization strategies, their inputs, and outcomes. Our findings suggest that researchers have much potential to conduct design research that employs demographic and contextual characteristics for personalization and that examines personalization strategies that target HBC applications’ interface and channels. In terms of implementation and adoption, we call for researchers to examine unaddressed issues such as low adherence and contextual barriers for these applications. We also suggest that researchers need to systematically examine the effects of specific personalization strategies on their efficacy. Other than providing an integrative view of extant studies, our study contributes by outlining key directions for future research in this area