Geographical variation in morphological leaf traits of Huperzia serrata (lycopodiaceae) from Vietnam

Morphological leaf traits can be used to assess adaptive responses of plants to environmental conditions. To assess how the representation of Huperzia serrata leaf traits, such as leaf length (LL), leaf width (LW) and leaf area (LA) response to changes in mean annual temperature (MAT), sunshine duration (SuH), mean annual precipitation (MAP), air humidity (Hu), intraspecific variation of the morphological leaf traits of the species was analyzed along a geographical gradient of Vietnam. The results showed that among the three populations at the three sites, leaf sizes increased with MAT and MAP. Huperzia serrata, climatic factors, morphological leaf traits, Vietnam.

WATER ENVIRONMENT AND POLLUTION OF HUONG RIVER IN HUE CITY, CENTRAL VIETNAM

Joint Research on Environmental Science and Technology for the Eart

A model of mother tongue-based bilingual education in Vietnam: Achievements and lessons learnt

This articlesummarizes findings from the implementation of the mother tongue-based bilingual education model and the tracer study on the students who participated in the mother tongue-based bilingual education program at preschool and primary schools and transitioned to higher levels of education in the framework of the UNICEFfunded "Learning for children" project. The research team would like to thank UNICEF Viet Nam,the Vietnam National Institute of Educational Sciences, Departments of Education and Training of Lao Cai, Gia Lai and Tra Vinh provinces, and educational managers, teachers and students in the three provinces for their support and cooperation.Education practices in ethnic minority areas in Vietnam with regional and ethnic differences influence its educational development. In particular, the language difference is a factor because the language used in teaching and learning is Vietnamese, not the mother tongue. Therefore, the mother tonguebased bilingual education model was developed to provide quick and convenient access to Vietnamese (the nation’s official language) and knowledge for students in ethnic minority areas. Its approach is to use the ethnic students’ mother tongues as the initial foundation in their first schooling years. The outstanding results of the successfully tested model have contributed to the improvement of the quality of ethnic minority education in Vietnam

Novel exopolysaccharide produced from fermented bamboo shoot-isolated Lactobacillus fermentum

This study aimed at providing a route towards the production of a novel exopolysaccharide (EPS) from fermented bamboo shoot-isolated Lactobacillus fermentum. A lactic acid bacteria strain, with high EPS production ability, was isolated from fermented bamboo shoots. This strain, R-49757, was identified in the BCCM/LMG Bacteria Collection, Ghent University, Belgium by the phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase gene sequencing method, and it was named Lb. fermentum MC3. The molecular mass of the EPS measured via gel permeation chromatography was found to be 9.85 × 104 Da. Moreover, the monosaccharide composition in the EPS was analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Consequently, the EPS was discovered to be a heteropolysaccharide with the appearance of two main sugars—D-glucose and D-mannose—in the backbone. The results of one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy analyses prove the repeating unit of this polysaccharide to be [→6)-β-D-Glcp-(1→3)-β-D-Manp-(1→6)-β-D-Glcp-(1→]n, which appears to be a new EPS. The obtained results open up an avenue for the production of novel EPSs for biomedical applications

Entanglement of a Scattered Single Photon and an Exciton

A single photon which is initially uncorrelated with an exciton will evolve to be entangled with the exciton on their continuous kinetic variables in the process of resonant scattering. We find the relations between the entanglement and their physical control parameters, which indicates that high entanglement can be reached by changing specific parameters of exciton

Studies on antimicrobial activities of endophytic bacteria isolated from Neem tree (Azadirachta indica)

The objective of this study is to isolate endophytic bacteria from Azadirachta indica (neem). We isolated 7 strains of endogenous bacteria from the neem tree. By investing the anti-fungal and antibacterial activities of endophytic bacteria in A. indica by well diffusion agar method, we noticed there was KT2 strain which resisted to Salmonella typhi and Staphylococcus aureus (10.67 ± 0.33 mm and 9.67 ± 0.33 mm), KT3 strain showed the inhibitory activity to three human pathogenic fungal (Candida albicans, Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Trichophyton rubrum), two strains (KT1, KT2) which resisted to C. albicans and T. rubrum. According to Cowan and Steel's manual, the result of biochemical identification showed that the KT2 strain was the Bacillus subtilis species

PHÂN HUỶ MẪU ĐỂ XÁC ĐỊNH VI NHỰA TRONG CÁC BỘ PHẬN CỦA CÁ ĐỐI

In this study, a 10% KOH solution was used to decompose the meat, skin, and digestive system of mullets. The factors in each experiment are as follows: 1) VKOH:mmeat is 10/1 (mL·g–1), incubated at 25 °C for 72 h; VKOH:mskin is 15/1 (mL·g–1), incubated at 40 °C for 72 h; VKOH:mdigestive system is 20/1 (mL·g–1), incubated at 40 °C for 72 h. The actual sample images display microplastics in the surveyed parts of the mullets with different shapes and colours.Trong nghiên cứu này, dung dịch KOH 10% được sử dụng để phân huỷ thịt, da và hệ tiêu hoá của cá đối. Các yếu tố ảnh hưởng bao gồm tỉ lệ thể tích KOH:mẫu thịt là 10/1 (mL·g–1), ủ mẫu ở 25 °C trong 72 giờ; thể tích KOH:mẫu da là 15/1 (mL·g–1), ủ mẫu ở 40 °C trong 72 giờ; thể tích KOH:mẫu hệ tiêu hoá là 20/1 (mL·g–1), ủ mẫu ở 40 °C trong 72 giờ. Hình ảnh phân tích mẫu thực tế cho thấy sự tồn tại của vi nhựa trong các bộ phận nghiên cứu với hình dáng và màu sắc khác nhau

A comparison for donor-acceptor interactions between E(PH3)2 and NHEMe ligands (E = C to Pb) of W(CO)5 complexes using energy decomposition analysis method with natural orbitals for chemical valence theory

Quantum chemical calculations at the BP86/TZ2P+ level of theory are performed for a comparison of density functional theory (DFT) between tetrylones [(CO)5W-{E(PH3)2}] (W5-EP2) and tetrylenes [(CO)5W-{NHEMe}] (W5-NHEMe) when E = C to Pb. The EDA-NOCV results suggest that the W-E bond dissociation energies (BDEs) in tetrylone complexes increase from the lighter to the heavier homologues. The W-E bond dissociation energies (BDEs) trend in W5-EP2 comes from the increase in (CO)5W←E(PH3)2 donation and strong electrostatic attraction, and that the ligands E(PH3)2 (EP2) are strong s-donors and very weak π-donors. The W-E BDEs trend in tetrylene complexes W5-NHEMe is opposite to that of the W5-EP2 complexes which decrease from the lighter to the heavier homologues. The NHEMe ligands are strong s-donors and weak π-acceptors. NOCV pairs were used in a description of the chemical bond between the W(CO)5 fragment and the ligands in the transition-metal complexes and the results indicated that the NOCV pairs lead to very valuable description of the bonding situation of the fragment-ligand bond in complexes. Keywords. Density functional theory; Bond dissociation energies (BDEs); Energy decomposition analysis (EDA); Natural Orbitals for Chemical Valence (NOCV)

Influence of Structure on Optical Properties of WO3 Thin Films Deposited by Sputtering Method

In this paper we report the synthesis of WO$_{3}$ thin films and investigate the effect of the structure on their optical properties. The WO$_{3}$ thin films are coated on glass substrates from both W and WO$_{3}$ targets by the magnetron sputtering method in (Ar+O$_{2}$) plasma under different deposition temperatures, varying from room temperature to 480 \rc{}C. We also evaluate the band gap energy of WO$_{3}$ by considering the transitions between the valence and the conduction bands. This result suggests that the best choices are diagonal and allowed transitions. Based on the values of band gap energy and XRD pattern, we indicate the relationship between crystalline order and optical property and consequently, the difference in color of the samples

Thermodynamic Equivalent between Noninteracting Bose and Fermi Gas in Metallic Carbon Nanotubes

The equivalent between Bose and Fermi ideal gases is usually taken in high temperature limit only. Recently, there has been considerable interest in surprising thermodynamic ``equivalences'' between certain ideal Bose and spineless Fermi gas systems in lower temperature. In this work, we follow that idea to investigate the quasi one-dimensional system of metallic carbon nanotubes. Due to the linear dispersion law, the non-interacting Bose and Fermi gases in metallic carbon nanotubes are equivalent. This equivalence could be applied to the gas systems of exciton photon (Bose particles) and electron hole (Fermi particles) in metallic carbon nanotubes