Impact des proprietes physicochimiques des sols de culture du manioc sur l’abondance et la diversite des communautes de champignons mycorhiziens à arbuscules dans la zone agroecologique d’azaguie, Sud-Est de la Côte D’Ivoire

En Côte d’ Ivoire, la baissede la fertilité des terres de culture du manioc,  est à l’origine des rendements faibles. L’utilisation de l’effet bénéfique des  champignons mycorhiziens arbusculaires (CMA) pourrait améliorer  durablement ces rendements. Ce travail a pour but de mettre en évidence l’écologie, la diversité et la structuration des communautés de CMA  endogènes associés à la culture du manioc dans les sols de la zone  agroécologique d’Azaguié. Les études ont été menées à partir des sols de champs de manioc (Ahoua 1, Ahoua 2, Mbromé 1, Mbromé 2). Ces sols étaient très acides (pH inférieurs à 5,17), pauvres en bases échangeables (CEC inférieures à 17,1 cmol/kg), en phosphore assimilable (P.  assimilable inférieur à 30,71 ppm) et en matière organique. Il a été  dénombré 44 espèces de CMA reparties en treize genres. Les genres  Glomus (55,17 %) et Acaulospora (30,14 %) sont les plus abondants. Les densités des spores de CMA, sont inférieures à 14,68 spores.g-1. La proportion moyenne de spores non-viables (55 %) est élevée. Il a été noté des corrélations positives entre les communautés de CMA et le  magnésium (R = 0,65), la CEC (R = 0,69), l'argile (R = 0,74) et le limon grossier (R = 0,79). Par contre des corrélations négatives ont été obtenues avec le sable fin (R = -0,60) et le sable grossier (R = -0,59).Mots clés : Manioc, Azaguié, Côte d’Ivoire, champignons mycorhiziens à arbuscules.INFLUENCE OF CASSAVA SOILS PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES ONTHE ABUNDANCE AND DIVERSITYOF ARBUSCULAR MYCORRIZAL FUNGI  COMMUNITIES’ IN AZAGUIÉ AGROECOLOGICAL AREA, SOUTH-EAST CÔTE D’IVOIREIn Côte d’Ivoire, the decline in cassava soil fertility is causing low yields. The use of the beneficial effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can sustainably improve the yields. The aim of this study was to highlight the ecology, diversity and community structure of endogenous CMA associated with cassava. The studies were conducted using cassava field soils (Ahoua 1 Ahoua 2 Mbromé 1 Mbromé 2). These soils were very acidic (pH less than 5.17), with low exchangeable bases capacities values (CEC less than 17.1 cmol / kg), low available phosphorus levels (available P less than 30.71 ppm) and poor organic matter proportions. Thirteen AMF genera comprising 44 species were identified. The genera Glomus (55.17 %) and Acaulospora (30.14 %) were the most abundant. AMF spores densities were (8.42 and 14.68 spores.g-1). The proportion of non-healthy spores was 55 %. There were positive correlations between AMF communities and magnesium (R = 0.65 and 0.59), CEC (R = 0.69), clay (R = 0.74) and coarse silt (R = 0.79) and negative correlations were obtained with fine sand (R = -0.60) and coarse sand (R = -0.59).Key words : Cassava, Azaguié Côte d’Ivoire, abuscular mycorrhiral fungi

Prevalence of Salmonella and their antibiotic susceptibility patterns in the District of Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire

A study was conducted to estimate the prevalence, antibiotic susceptibility and distribution of Salmonella strains in raw chicken gizzards in 11 municipalities (Abobo, Adjame, Anyama, Attecoube, Bingerville, Cocody, Koumassi, Marcory, Port-Bouet, Treichville and Yopougon) in the District of Abidjan. Sixty six (66) samples of chicken gizzards were collected between April and September 2012. From the total of 66 samples tested,  Salmonella was isolated in 77.27% (51/66). One hundred and four strains (104) were isolated and fifteen distinct serotypes identified: Derby (18.9 %), Budapest (17%), Essen and S. Kentucky (11.3%), Hadar (9.4%), Agona (7.5%), Chester, Ruiru, Schwarzengrund (3.8%), Aoto, Bargny, Elisabethville, Fortune, Poeslderf and Santiago (1.9%). Serogroup O:4 was the most prevalent (67.3 %). Prevalence of other serogroups were 18.3% for O:8, 10.6% for O:3,10, 1.9% for O:21, 1% for O:1,3,19 and O:13. Antibiotic profiles of Salmonella spp. showed 93.37 % of resistance to cotrimoxazole, 73.08% to tetracycline, 46.15% to ticarcilline, 35.58% to nalidixic acid and resistance rates . 30% to chloramphenicol and  ciprofloxacin. Strains were found susceptible to cefoxitim (100%),  cefotaxim (99.04 %), cephalotin (90.38%), amoxicillin and  amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (92.31%) and gentamycin (89.42%).Keywords: Salmonella, raw chicken gizzards, serogroups, antibiotic susceptibility, Cote dfIvoire