Trends and Determinants of Comprehensive Knowledge of HIV among Adolescents and Young Adults in Nigeria: 2003 - 2013

Abstract This study examined comprehensive knowledge of HIV (CKH) and its determinants among young people aged 15-24 years in Nigeria between 2003 and 2013. Secondary analysis was conducted on three rounds of NDHS 2003, 2008 and 2013 data. CKH increased significantly between 2003 and 2013, but the level reached in 2013 fell short of the global expectation for young people. Its significant determinants included gender, age,  educational attainment, place and region of residence, household wealth status and uptake of HIV test. There is need to sustain all on-going  effective youth-focused interventions and programmes to meet the  comprehensive knowledge needs for all young people in Nigeria.Keywords: Young people, HIV and AIDS, Comprehensive knowledge, Nigeria, Determinants Cette étude a examiné la connaissance approfondie du VIH (CCV) et ses déterminants chez les jeunes gens âgés de 15 à 24 ans au Nigeria entre 2003 et 2013. Une analyse secondaire a été menée sur trois séries de données de NDHS 2003, 2008 et 2013. La CCV a augmenté de manière significative entre 2003 et 2013, mais le niveau atteint en 2013 était inférieur aux attentes mondiales pour les jeunes. Ses déterminants importants comprennent le genre, l'âge, le niveau de scolarité, le lieu et la région de résidence, l'état de la richesse des ménages et l'adoption de l‘analyse pour le dépistage du VIH. Il est nécessaire de soutenir toutes les interventions et programmes efficaces axés sur les jeunes pour répondre aux besoins globaux en connaissances de tous les jeunes du Nigeria Mots-clés: Jeunes, VIH et SIDA, connaissance compréhensive, Nigeria, déterminant

A profile on HIV prevalence and risk behaviors among injecting drug users in Nigeria: Should we be alarmed?

Objective: Injecting drug use is now recognized as a significant risk factor for HIV in sub-Saharan Africa. We evaluated prevalence and correlates of HIV among injecting drug users (IDUs) in Nigeria. Methods: A cross sectional design using respondent driven sampling was conducted in six states in 2010. Weighted HIV prevalence and injecting risk behaviors calculated using RDS analytic tool. Logistic regression was used to determine correlates of HIV infection, stratified by state. Results: Total numbers of IDUs ranged from 197 in Lagos to 273 in Cross River and Oyo states. HIV prevalence was highest in Federal Capital Territory (FCT) at 9.3%, Kaduna 5.8%, Oyo 5.1%, Kano 4.9%, CR 3.3% and Lagos 3.0%. Although \u3e 90% of participants were male, females had higher HIV prevalence in all states surveyed except FCT (range: 7.4% in CR to 37.7% in Kano). Logistic regression showed that females were significantly more likely to be HIV positive in Kano [OR = 33.2, 95% CI: 6.8–160.4], Oyo [AOR = 15.9, 95% CI: 3.69–68.51], Lagos [OR = 15.5, 95% CI: 2.41–99.5] and Kaduna states [AOR = 19.6, 95% CI: 4.4–87.6]. For injecting risk behavior, only receptive sharing was associated with HIV [AOR = 7.6, 95% CI: 1.2–48.7] and [AOR = 0.2, 95% CI: 0.04–0.92] in Oyo and Kaduna states respectively. Conclusions: Considerable heterogeneity in the prevalence of HIV and associated risk behaviors exist among IDUs across Nigeria. Females had higher HIV prevalence among IDUs in five of six states, suggesting a need for targeted interventions for this hidden subgroup. Further research is needed to understand HIV transmission dynamics of IDUs in Nigeria. Community-based opioid substitution therapy and needle exchange programs should be implemented without delay

Prevalence of Internalized Homophobia and HIV Associated Risks among Men who have Sex with Men in Nigeria

This study assessed the level of internalized homophobia and associated factors among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Nigeria. Using respondent driven sampling, MSM were recruited in Lagos and Ibadan between July and September, 2006. Internalized homophobia was assessed as a negative composite score using an 11-item scale. A total of 1,125 MSM were interviewed. About 44.4% self-identified as homosexual or gay while 55% regarded themselves as bisexual. About a third of the respondents reported internalized homophobia. With homosexual/gay men as reference, respondents who self-identified as bisexual were two times more likely [AOR 2.1; 95 CI: 1.6 – 2.9, p<0.001] to report internalized homophobia. Those who were HIV positive were also twice as likely to report internalized homophobia compared to those who were HIV negative [AOR 1.8; 95% CI: 1.2 – 2.7, p=0.004]. As internalized homophobia impedes acceptance of HIV prevention programming, identifying MSM who experience internalized homophobia is integral to the success of HIV prevention programming in NigeriaCette étude a évalué le niveau de l&apos;homophobie intériorisée et les facteurs qui y sont liés chez les hommes qui ont des rapports sexuels avec des hommes (HSH) au Nigeria. A l’aide d&apos;un échantillonnage basé sur les interviews, les HSH ont été recrutés à Lagos et à Ibadan entre les mois de juillet et septembre, 2006. L&apos;homophobie intériorisée a été évaluée par un indice négatif composite en utilisant une échelle de 11 items. Au total, 1.125 HSH ont été interviewés. À peu près 44,4% se sont identifiés comme des homosexuels tandis que 55% se considéraient comme des bisexuels. Environ un tiers des interviewés ont signalé l&apos;homophobie intériorisée. En se servant des hommes homosexuels comme référence, les interviewés qui se sont identifiés comme bisexuels avaient deux fois plus la possibilité [AOR 2,1; IC 95: 1,6 - 2,9, p <0,001] de signaler l&apos;homophobie intériorisée. Ceux qui étaient séropositifs avaient également deux fois plus la possibilité de signaler l&apos;homophobie intériorisée par rapport à ceux qui étaient séronégatifs [AOR: 1,8; IC à 95%: 1,2 - 2,7, p = 0,004]. Etant donné que l&apos;homophobie intériorisée empêche l&apos;acceptation de la prévention de la programmation du VIH, l&apos;identification des HSH qui éprouvent l&apos;homophobie intériorisée fait partie intégrante de la réussite de la prévention de la programmation du VIH au Nigéri