Marination liquids enriched with probiotics and their inactivation effects against food-borne pathogens inoculated on meat

The aim of the study was to develop marination liquids (MLs) enriched with probiotics (Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus rhamnosus or their combination) to improve the safety and sensory quality of meat during marination. The total acidity, total phenolic content, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of MLs were in the range of 0.70-0.92 g tartaric acid/100 mL, 331.00-513.80 mg GAE/L, 71.10%-93.37% and 6.50-10.00 mm, respectively. At the end of the marination, the numbers of Escherichia coli O157: H7, Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella Typhimurium on meat samples ( approximately equal to 6 log CFU/g) were decreased in the range of 0.7-2.7, 2.1-3.3 and 0.8-2.0 log CFU/g, respectively, depending on the type of ML and the treatment time used. Additionally, meat sample marinated with MLs containing L. casei was the most preferred sample in terms of appearance, color, flavor and general acceptability. These results showed that the existing effects of koruk juice were increased by probiotics

Ganglion cell complex thickness and optical coherence tomography findings in stargardt macular dystrophy and retinitis pigmentosa

Aim: In this study, we aimed to assess ganglion cell complex (GCC) thickness with spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and to detect changes in retinal layers in eyes with Stargardt macular dystrophy (SMD) and retinitis pigmentosa (RP) patients. Material and Methods: Fifty-four eyes of 27 patients with RP and 46 eyes of 23 patients with SMD were enrolled. Each subject underwent a complete ophthalmic examination before SD-OCT was obtained. Macular scans were taken with software version 6.0 of the ganglion cell analysis (GCA) algorithm. Patients were divided into 3 grades according to photoreceptor layer integrity. GCC thickness was evaluated automatically as the average, minimum and six sectors by SD-OCT, and parameters were compared between groups. Result: The mean age was 41.66 +/- 19. 77 years in group 1 (RP patients), and 28.00 +/- 10.37 years in group 2 (SMD patients). There were no significant differences in mean age, gender distribution, intraocular pressure and spherical equivalent at imaging between the groups (p>0.05). The mean (+/- SD) GCC thicknesses were evaluated and there were no significant differences between the two groups in each segment (Mann-Whitney U, p>0.05), but there were significant differences between patients in each grade (Kruskal-Wallis, p<0.05). Discussion: This study showed that progressive degeneration and loss of function in the outer retinal layers are accompanied by damage to the inner retinal layers in patients with RP and SMD. However, some of the ganglion cells are protected after photoreceptor cell death, which may point us to the target tissue for future treatment modalities

Prebiotic Effect of Onion on the Survival of Various Probiotics Inoculated in Koruk (Unripe Grape) Juice

WOS: 000521110200108[No abstract available

Evaluation of the correlation between quantitative measurement of the foveal avascular zone and retinal vessel density and outer retinal disruptions in diabetic patients

Background/aim: The aim of the current study was to evaluate the correlation between the integrity of the outer retinal layers on optical coherence tomography (OCT) and objective parameters of retinal microvascular perfusion on optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). Materials and methods: A total of 105 eyes of 54 diabetic patients were included in the study. Integrity of the outer retinal layers including the external limiting membrane (ELM), ellipsoid zone (EZ), and interdigitation zone (IZ) was assessed by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography. The foveal avascular zone (PAZ) area and vessel density (VD) measurements in the superficial capillary plexus (SCP) and deep capillary plexus (DCP) in all the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) sectors were evaluated by OCTA. Associations between the quantitative measurement of the PAZ and retinal VD measurements and outer retinal disruptions were evaluated. Results: The FAZ area was correlated with outer retinal layer disruption both in the superficial plexus (r 0.244, 0.228, 0.212, P= 0.013, 0.02, 0.031 for the ELM, EZ, and IZ, respectively) and the deep capillary plexus (r = 0.298, 0.234, 0.197, P = 0.002, 0.019, 0.048 for the ELM, EZ, and IZ, respectively). A significant relationship was also found between the VD measurements in the SCP and DCP in ETDRS sectors and the outer retinal layers disruption. Conclusion: The results of the current study show a significant relationship between the quantitative OCTA parameters and the integrity of the outer retinal layers. This finding reveals a correlation between retinal capillary nonperfusion and outer retinal disruption in eyes with diabetic retinopathy

Expert opinion on the diagnostic odyssey and management of late-onset Pompe disease: a neurologist's perspective

This consensus statement by a panel of neurology experts aimed to provide a practical and implementable guidance document to assist clinicians with the best clinical practice in terms of diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring of late-onset Pompe disease (LOPD). The participating experts consider the clinical suspicion of LOPD by the physician to be of utmost importance in the prevention of diagnostic and therapeutic delay in LOPD patients. A diagnostic algorithm is proposed to facilitate the diagnosis of LOPD in patients presenting with unexplained proximal/axial weakness (with or without respiratory symptoms) or restrictive respiratory insufficiency with hyperCKemia and/or exercise intolerance as the red flag symptoms/signs that raise the index of suspicion for LOPD diagnosis. The diagnosis is based on the subsequent use of dried blood spot (DBS) assay, and the DBS assay can be confirmed by acid alpha-glucosidase (GAA) tissue analysis in leukocytes, fibroblasts, or muscle fibers and/or genetic mutation analysis. Accordingly, experts consider increased awareness among physicians about potential presenting characteristics with a high index of suspicion for LOPD to be crucial to suspect and consider LOPD in the differential diagnosis, while strongly suggesting the use of a diagnostic algorithm combined with DBS assay and confirmatory tests in the timely diagnosis of LOPD and implementation of best practice patterns