Tenofovir Disoproxsil Fumarate in the Treatment of AIDS

Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate is an antiviral drug used against HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) and hepatitis B (HBV) viruses in adults. It is an acyclic nucleoside phosphonate diester analogue of adenosine monophosphate. Tenofovir is a nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor and it shows activity by preventing enzymes (reverse transcriptase of HIV, DNA polymerase of hepatitis B) required for viruses in reproducing themselves. Following the oral administration, tenofovir disoproxil fumarate is rapidly absorbed and converted to tenofovir. It reaches a maximum concentration within two hours. Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate has an intracellular half-life of approximately 17 hours and it is eliminated by a combination of glomerular filtration and active tubular secretion. Due to low rate of genotypic resistance and high antiviral activity, tenofovir disoproxil fumarate has become a preferred drug for both monotherapy and combinationed therapy

Multagenicity of five food additives in Ames/Salmonella/microsome test

WOS: 000238797900008The mutagenic activity of five food additives (K2S2O5 : potassium metabisulphite, KMB; K2SO4: potassium sulphate, KS; Na2SO3: sodium sulphite, SS; KNO3: potassium nitrate, KN; NaNO3: sodium nitrate, SN) were investigated using histidin auxotrophs TA98 and TA100 strains of Salmonella typhimurium in the presence or absence of S9 mix. The test substances were investigated for their mutagenic effects at non toxic concentrations of 0.83, 1.66, 3.33 and 5.00 mg/plate with and without S9 mix. All the test substances were not mutagenic on TA98 and TA100 strains of Salmonella typhimurium in the presence or absence of S9 mix except KS and SN. KS and SN showed a weak mutagenic effect on TA100 strain in the absence of S9 mix