Honey Plants of Düzce University Ornamental and Medicinal Plants Botanical Garden

In this study, melliferous plants that the honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) can benefit from among the taxa planted in Düzce University Ornamental and Medicinal Plants Botanical Garden, are presented. Among the 451 taxa planted in the botanical garden, those with these characteristics were determined by reviewing studies on the subject. Of the 165 taxa (36.58%) included in the honey plant class; 119 contain both nectar and pollen, 25 contain pollen, 13 contain nectar, 4 contain both pollen and insect secretion (IS) or sweet sap (SS), 2 contain pollen, nectar and IS or SS, 1 contain both nectar and SS, 1 contain only IS. In order to prevent the decrease in pollinator and pollinator insects, whose numbers are decreasing due to global climate change, a "Bee and Insect Hotel" was placed in the botanical garden. For this reason, the majority of the plants selected for planting were chosen from taxa with honey plant properties. The main purpose here is both to pollinate the plants in the botanical garden and to show and explain the effects of insect species on pollination through nature education

Flora of old growth forest in Kavakli region (Yenice-Karabuk)

YÖK Tez No: 577978Araştırma sahası Karabük ili Yenice ilçesinin sınırları içerisinde Kavaklı Tabiatı Koruma Alanı içinde yer alır. Bu çalışmada doğal bir arboretum özelliği gösteren bu alanın doğal yaşlı orman florası ortaya konulmuştur. Alanın denizden yüksekliği 240 - 1300 m. arasındadır. Konumsal bakımdan Batı Karadeniz bölgesinde, bitki coğrafyası bakımından ise Avrupa-Sibirya bölgesinin Öksin sınırları içinde yer alır. Yenice Ormanları, WWF'nin (Dünya Doğayı Koruma Vakfı) dünyadaki belirlediği 100 sıcak nokta arasında olmasının yanında Türkiye'deki 9 sıcak nokta ve 122 Önemli Bitki Alanlarından birisidir. Genellikle, alanda fitocoğrafik etkiye bağlı olarak değişik vejetasyon katları oluşmuştur. Bunun sonucunda zengin bitki çeşitliliği ortaya çıkmıştır. P. H. Davis'in grid sistemine göre araştırma alanı A4 karesi içinde yer almaktadır. 2017 ile 2018 yılları arasındaki arazi çalışması sonucunda, vejetasyon döneminde toplanan 850 bitki örneğinin teşhis edilmesinde "Flora of Turkey and the Aegean Islands" ve diğer kaynaklar kullanılmıştır. Toplanan örnekler Düzce Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Herbaryumu (DUOF)'nda uygun koşullarda saklanmaktadır. Tanımlamalar sonucunda 75 familya ve 240 cinse ait 430 takson tespit edilmiştir. En çok cins içeren familya 25 cinsle Asteraceae (Compositae), en çok tür içeren familya 45 takson ile Asteraceae, en çok takson içeren cins ise 8 taksonla Trifolium ve Veronica olmuştur. Toplanan bitkilerden 29 takson endemik olup, endemizm oranı %7 olarak belirlenmiştir. Alandaki bitkilerin fitocoğrafik bölgelere dağılımı; Avrupa-Sibirya elementleri: 145 takson (%33,9), İran-Turan elementleri: 8 takson (%1,9), Akdeniz elementleri: 28 takson (%6,5), geniş yayılışlı ya da fitocoğrafik bölgesi bilinmeyenler ise 249 takson (%57,8) olarak belirlenmiştir. Raunkiaer'in hayat formlarına göre dağılım ise; Fanerofitler 71 takson (%17), Kamefitler 14 takson (%3), Hemikriptofitler 238 takson (%55), Kriptofitler 65 takson %15 (Geofitler 61 %14, Hidrofitler 4 takson %1) ve Terofitler 42 takson (%10). Anahtar sözcükler: Doğal yaşlı orman, Flora, Karabük, Raunkiaer, Yenice Ormanları.The research area is located within the borders of the Kavaklı Nature Reserve in Yenice district of Karabük province. In this study, the natural growth forest flora of the study area, which exhibits a natural arboretum feature, has been revealed. The altitudes of the area changes between 240 and 1300 meters. The study area is located in the Western Black Sea region and phytogeographically within the Euxine borders of the Euro-Siberian region. Yenice Forests are among the 100 hotspots designated by WWF (Word Wildlife Fund)in the world. It is also one of the 9 hotspots and 122 Important Plant Areas of Turkey. Generally, different vegetation layers have been formed in the area due to phytogeographic effect. As a result, rich plant diversity has occurred. According to the grid system of P.H Davis, the research area is in the A4 square. As a result of the field studies between 2017 and 2018, "Flora of Turkey and Aegean Islands" and other references were used to identify 850 plant specimens collected during the vegetation period. The collected specimens are stored in Duzce University Forestry Faculty Herbarium (DUOF) under suitable conditions. As a result of the definitions, 430 taxa belonging to 75 families and 239 genera were identified. The family with the largest number of genera are Asteraceae (Compositae) with 25 genera. The family with the largest number of species are Asteraceae with 45 taxa. The genera with largest number of taxa are Trifolium and Veronica with 8 taxa. A total of 29 taxa determined in the study area (7%) are endemic for Turkey. The distribution ratios of the taxa in the area according to the phytogeographical regions are as follows: Euro-Siberian elements are 145 taxa (33.9%), Irano-Turanian elements are taxa 8 (1.9%), Mediterranean elements are 28 taxa (6.5%), widespread and others which their regions unclarified are 249 taxa (57.8%). The distribution ratios of the taxa according to the Raunkiaer life forms are as follows: Phanerophytes were reported as 71 taxa (17%), Chamaephytes 14 taxa (3%), Hemicriptophytes 238 taxa (55%), Cryptophytes 65 taxa (15%) (Geophytes 61 taxa (14%), Hydrophytes 4 taxa (1%)) and Terophytes 42 taxa (10%)

A New Hybrid Record for The Vascular Flora of Türkiye: Fagus x taurica Popl.

The presence of Fagus x taurica Popl., a hybrid of two Fagus L. taxa known to be naturally distributed in Türkiye, has been detected in the natural deciduous-mixed forests of Bolu. Specimens were collected from Kökez Old Growth Fir Forest Nature Reserve Area, Bolu Kale Fındığı Nature Reserve Area, and Yedigöller National Park in Bolu province, northwest Türkiye. After the identification, specimens were compared with materials in the international herbaria. As a result of the examinations, the morphological features seen to be different from its parents are as follows: Young shoots are grayish-green in color, leaves have 7-13 pairs of lateral veins, are ovate or obovate, and their margins are dentate, and the cupula scales are subulate. It resembles F. orientalis Lipsky in terms of leaf characteristics and F. sylvatica L. in terms of cupula characteristics. In this article, a botanical description of the taxon, differences from the main species, distribution maps, and photos are given. Fagus x taurica is a new hybrid record for the vascular flora of Türkiye. With this new record, the number of Fagus sp. taxa in the flora of Türkiye has risen to 3