Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Pharmacy: An Overview of Innovations

Artificial Intelligence (AI) emerged as an intervention for data and number-related problems. This breakthrough has led to several technological advancements in virtually all fields from engineering to architecture, education, accounting, business, health, and so on. AI has come a long way in healthcare, having played significant roles in data and information storage and management – such as patient medical histories, medicine stocks, sale records, and so on; automated machines; software and computer applications like diagnostic tools such as MRI radiation technology, CT diagnosis and many more have all been created to aid and simplify healthcare measures. Inarguably, AI has revolutionized healthcare to be more effective and efficient and the pharmacy sector is not left out. During the past few years, a considerable amount of increasing interest in the uses of AI technology has been identified for analyzing as well as interpreting some important fields of pharmacy like drug discovery, dosage form designing, polypharmacology, and hospital pharmacy. Given the growing importance of AI, we wanted to create a comprehensive report which helps every practicing pharmacist understand the biggest breakthroughs which are assisted by the deployment of this field

Comprehension and Intuition of the Sixth Sense Technology: A Survey Based Case Study of Pakistan

: This paper emphasize on the sixth sense technology which is estimated to be blowout worldwide in upcoming year. It is one of the latest technology which helps to tie the physical world with the digital world. Sixth Sense technology is a technology by means of which a system could be taught to distinguish and percept, and act in response as preferred in the real world objects.To conduct the study a set of survey questions have been prepared and distributed among participants of selected groups. Therefore the result has been evaluated based on the pros and cons of the latest technology.Researches have been made on this latest and most breathtaking technology which is thus far to be publicizing in the market. Distinctive realization methodology and the potential applications and prospect of such technology is under considerations

Comprehension and Intuition of the Sixth Sense Technology: A Survey Based Case Study of Pakistan

: This paper emphasize on the sixth sense technology which is estimated to be blowout worldwide in upcoming year. It is one of the latest technology which helps to tie the physical world with the digital world. Sixth Sense technology is a technology by means of which a system could be taught to distinguish and percept, and act in response as preferred in the real world objects.To conduct the study a set of survey questions have been prepared and distributed among participants of selected groups. Therefore the result has been evaluated based on the pros and cons of the latest technology.Researches have been made on this latest and most breathtaking technology which is thus far to be publicizing in the market. Distinctive realization methodology and the potential applications and prospect of such technology is under considerations

Addressing quality medication use among migrant patients: Establishment of an organization to provide culturally competent medication care

As the global landscape continues to witness an increase in migration, the healthcare community faces an evolving challenge: the provision of quality medication care to migrant patients. Language barriers, cultural differences, and a lack of understanding of the local healthcare system can often impede the effective management of medications and access to healthcare services among migrant populations. Pharmacists, as medication experts, are dignified to make a substantial impact in bridging the gap between migrants and quality healthcare. Their expertise in medication management, accessibility, and counseling positions them as critical healthcare providers for this patient population. Pharmacies and pharmacists can serve as trusted hubs where migrants receive not only essential medications but also culturally sensitive support in navigating the healthcare system. This commentary article highlights the critical importance of culturally competent medication care for migrant patients and the central role that pharmacists can play in this endeavor. By establishing organization dedicated to this cause lead by pharmacists, we can not only address an urgent healthcare concern but also set a precedent for a healthcare system that values inclusivity, cultural competence, and equitable access to quality medication care for all, regardless of their cultural background

Sling for the sling: a new technique for long-term correction of severe congenital ptosis

Abstract Introduction Severe congenital ptosis poses a complex challenge for oculoplastic surgeons, requiring meticulous surgical intervention to restore eyelid function and improve aesthetic outcomes mainly by using frontalis sling approach. A crucial issue in frontalis sling surgeries is the sustainability of effect. Purpose This retrospective study reports the outcomes of two surgical techniques for treating severe congenital ptosis in the paediatric age group: Silicon rods ptosis sling and a novel technique involving the use of Silicon rods with green braided polyester (Ethibond) sutures to secure the rods in place “sling for the sling”. Methods The medical records of children who underwent frontalis suspension were reviewed in a retrospective fashion. We identified two groups; the first group (20 patients: 35 eyelids) had the traditional frontalis suspension surgery using silicone suspension set, the second group (14 patients: 25 eyelids) was operated using the new “sling for sling” technique. We used the postoperative marginal reflex distance-1 (MRD-1) as the primary outcome measure while the frequency of both wound related complications and recurrence were considered as secondary outcome measures. Post operative data were collected and compared after 1 month, 6 months, 12 months, and 18 months. Results Preliminary results indicate promising outcomes for both techniques, with significant improvement in eyelid elevation observed in both groups. However, the novel technique using Silicon rods with Ethibond sutures demonstrated enhanced sustainability, leading to a more durable outcome with significantly less recurrence. Conclusion This study highlights the potential benefits of the novel technique in treating severe congenital ptosis and introduces an innovative approach to Silicone rods fixation to achieve a long-term corrective effect

Fog Computing: An Overview of Big IoT Data Analytics

A huge amount of data, generated by Internet of Things (IoT), is growing up exponentially based on nonstop operational states. Those IoT devices are generating an avalanche of information that is disruptive for predictable data processing and analytics functionality, which is perfectly handled by the cloud before explosion growth of IoT. Fog computing structure confronts those disruptions, with powerful complement functionality of cloud framework, based on deployment of micro clouds (fog nodes) at proximity edge of data sources. Particularly big IoT data analytics by fog computing structure is on emerging phase and requires extensive research to produce more proficient knowledge and smart decisions. This survey summarizes the fog challenges and opportunities in the context of big IoT data analytics on fog networking. In addition, it emphasizes that the key characteristics in some proposed research works make the fog computing a suitable platform for new proliferating IoT devices, services, and applications. Most significant fog applications (e.g., health care monitoring, smart cities, connected vehicles, and smart grid) will be discussed here to create a well-organized green computing paradigm to support the next generation of IoT applications

Optimal dose of meropenem for the treatment of neonatal sepsis: Dosing guideline variations and clinical practice deviations

AIMS: Meropenem is increasingly used to treat neonatal sepsis. There are several guidelines recommending different dosing regimens of meropenem in neonates. Furthermore, deviations from these guidelines regularly occur in daily clinical practice. Therefore, the current study aimed to evaluate the variations of meropenem dosing guidelines and compare the difference between guideline and clinical practice in terms of the probability of target attainment. METHODS: This study is based on a population pharmacokinetic model. After defining the predictive performance of the model, Monte Carlo simulations were used to calculate the probability of target attainment of the currently existing dosing guidelines of meropenem and their use in daily clinical practice. RESULTS: Two guidelines and two labels were included in the Monte Carlo simulations. For 70% fT (fraction of time when the free meropenem concentration exceeded the minimum inhibitory concentration during the dosing interval), the probability of target attainment of four recommended doses ranged from 59% to 88% (MIC = 2 mg·L ) and from 17% to 47% (MIC = 8 mg·L ). At the clinical practice evaluation, only 20% of patients attained target exposure for the MIC of 8 mg·L with 70% fT , which was much less than those found in the Food and Drug Administration labels (40%). CONCLUSION: This model-based population pharmacokinetics simulation showed that improper guidelines and/or clinical practice deviations will result in low probability of target attainment for patients infected with resistant bacteria and critically ill patients. It is important to develop and adhere to evidence-based and clinically pragmatic guidelines