Recognizing contextual valence shifters in document-level sentiment classification

Sentiment classification is an emerging research field. Due to the rich opinionated web content, people and organizations are interested in knowing others\u27 opinions, so they need an automated tool for analyzing and summarizing these opinions. One of the major tasks of sentiment classification is to classify a document (i.e. a blog, news article or review) as holding an overall positive or negative sentiment. Machine learning approaches have succeeded in achieving better results than semantic orientation approaches in document-level sentiment classification; however, they still need to take linguistic context into account, by making use of the so-called contextual valence shifters. Early research has tried to add sentiment features and contextual valence shifters to the machine learning approach to tackle this problem, but the classifier\u27s performance was low.In this study, we would like to improve the performance of document-level sentiment classification using the machine learning approach by proposing new feature sets that refine the traditional sentiment feature extraction method and take contextual valence shifters into consideration from a different perspective than the earlier research. These feature sets include: 1) a feature set consisting of 16 features for counting different categories of contextual valence shifters (intensifiers, negators and polarity shifters) as well as the frequency of words grouped according to their final (modified) polarity; and 2) another feature set consisting of the frequency of each sentiment word after modifying its prior polarity. We performed several experiments to: 1) compare our proposed feature sets with the traditional sentiment features that count the frequency of each sentiment word while disregarding its prior polarity; 2) compare our proposed feature sets after combining them with stylistic features and n-grams with traditional sentiment features combined with stylistic features and n-grams; and 3) evaluate the effectiveness of our proposed feature sets against stylistic features and n-grams by performing feature selection. The results of all the experiments show a significant improvement over the baselines, in terms of the accuracy, precision and recall, which indicate that our proposed feature sets are effective in document-level sentiment classification

The impact of the Belt and Road initiative: in Egypts economy and foreign policy

학위논문(석사)--서울대학교 대학원 :국제대학원 국제학과(국제지역학전공),2019. 8. 한영혜.This dissertation examines the expectations impact of the Belt and Road initiative in Egypt economic and foreign policy. Particularly, that the BRI has become the focal point of Chinas national strategy. However, the objective of BRI is a subject heavily debated by think tanks, academia, and public media since its begun. This study investigates the current trends in Chinese outward foreign direct investment since the initiation of the One Belt, One Road initiative by the Chinese government in 2013. For China, meanwhile, strategic interest in Egypt was also growing. Unlike Chinas other Middle Eastern partners, ties with Egypt are not motivated by oil imports, but by a more geographic calculus. The Suez Canal has long been Chinas primary shipping route for sending goods to Europe, Chinas largest market. As a result, China has been eager to increase its presence in the crucial canal for decades. This study examine Egypts political situation with explanations of Egypts revolutions history and the Arab Spring in addition to the motives behind Egypts revolution in 2011. Furthermore, explanation for Egypts economic perspective, Egypts ODA and Egypts economic, political, and social challenges. The study additional examines the motivation behind a comprehensive strategic partnership between China and Egypt, particularly in terms of the prorated slump in United State power and influence in the Middle East. In point of fact, it is expected that China can profit successively by acquisition a foothold within the Middle East. This study found a significant potential benefit for Egypt with the chance to function as the hub for the BRI into Africa and the Middle East. The Chinese have already selected it as one of the top 5 countries for acquisitions and mergers potential over the following 5 years. The Suez Canal Economic Zone (SCZone) could play a significant role for China as well by transferring Chinese production to the nations with substantial imports.이 논문은 일대일로가 이집트 경제 및 대외 정책에 가져오는 기대 효과를 조사합니다. 일대일로는 중국 국가전략의 중심에 있습니다. 그러나 일대일로의 탄생부터 그것의 목적은 싱크 탱크, 학계 및 대중 매체에 의해 심도 있게 논의되어왔다. 이 연구는 중국 정부의 일대일로 계획의 시작인 2013 년부터 최근까지의 외국인직접투자의 동향을 조사합니다. 중국의 경우 이집트를 전략적인 관점에서 더욱더 바라보았습니다. 중국의 다른 중동 파트너들과의 관계와는 다르게 이집트와의 관계는 석유의 수입이 바탕이 되지 않고 지리적인 계산이 바탕이 됩니다. 중국은 오랫동안 유럽으로 수출을 할 때 수에즈 운하를 주된 운송경로로 이용해왔습니다. 결과적으로 중국은 수십 년 동안 이 핵심적인 운하에서 입지를 강화하기를 희망하였습니다. 이 연구는 이집트의 정치적인 현황, 이집트 혁명의 역사, 아랍의 봄, 그리고 2011 년 이집트 혁명의 동기에 대하여 살펴봅니다. 또한 이집트 경제의 전망, 이집트의 공적개발원조, 그리고 이집트의 경제적, 정치적, 사회적 문제에 대하여 설명합니다. 이 연구는 더 나아가 중국과 이집트간의 포괄적인 전략적 파트너십에 대한 동기를 특히 약화되고 분배된 미국의 중동 국가에 대한 권력을 중심으로 살펴봅니다. 중국은 중동에 발판을 마련함으로써 성공적으로 이득을 취할 수 있습니다. 이 연구는 이집트가 일대일로를 아프리카와 중동 지역에 연결해주는 허브역할을 함으로써 상당한 이득을 취할 수 있다는 점을 발견했습니다. 중국은 이미 5 년 내에 인수합병 시 잠재력이 가장 높은 상위 5 개국 중 하나로 이집트를 선정했습니다. 이집트는 인수합병 대상 나라 .또한 수에즈 운하 경제 수역은 수입이 상당한 나라들에게 중국의 생산품을 전달해주는 역할을 할 수 있습니다.Chapter I. Introduction……………………………………………..…...…… 7 Chapter II. Egypts Political and Economic Situation………………..….… 12 Chapter II. BRI initiative……………………………………..……………… 50 Chapter IV. Egypt and China economic and political relation …………..…86 Chapter II. Conclusion ………………………………….……………..…..… 119Maste

Upgrading of an Extended Aeration System to Improve Wastewater Treatment

According to this study, an extended aeration system can be upgraded by adding surface turbine aerators to the tanks and building new primary sedimentation tanks. Moreover, the biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), chemical oxygen demand (COD), and total suspended solids (TSS) were also observed to be 440, 682, and 212 mg/L after primary settling, respectively. These values represent the removal of about 35% of the organic load and about 68% of the suspended solids, which reduces the organic load and sediments entering the secondary treatment. Furthermore, effluent BOD5, COD, and TSS values were 30, 47, and 32 mg/L respectively, while those permitted values are 60 mg/L of BOD5, 80 mg/L of COD, and 50 mg/L of TSS reflecting the success of the upgrading work

Economic growth and development in Egypt

Thesis(Master) -- KDI School: Master of Public Policy, 2020This research is to measure the degree of significance of different aspects of the economy to determine what factors affect the economic growth performance in Egypt. Time series analysis will be used to identify the impact of different economic factors on economic development performance in Egypt over the period 1985-2015. Ordinary Least Square technique will be applied in this paper. The first step was testing the stationarity of data using Augmented Dickey-Fuller unit root test to avoid spurious regression results. The results of the analysis showed that all factors are stationary at first difference. After that, the regression model was tested, and the results revealed that foreign direct investment has an insignificant effect on GDP per capita in Egypt while government consumption expenditures, contributing family workers and secondary school enrollment rate can affect GDP per capita positively and significantly. The results also showed a negative and significant Impact of conditions of trade and household consumption expenditures on economic evolution and dilation in Egypt. The policy implications based on the results of the test suggest more focus on the allocation and quality of foreign direct investment in different sections in Egypt. Additionally, government consumption expenditures would be beneficial for economic growth in particular spending on national defense and security. Moreover, promoting exports is a necessity to enhance trade conditions and reduce its adverse effect on economic boom or prosperity. Households consumption expenditure is required to be reduced to save more money for longterm investment. The study also suggested that government could facilitate the regulations to operate the family business. Finally, enhancing education quality is essential for economic development through providing better technologies and teaching methods.CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION Chapter II: LITERATURE REVIEW Chapter III: HISTORICAL OVERVIEW OF EGYPTIAN ECONOMIC GROWTH Chapter V: POLICY IMPLICATIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS Chapter VI: ConclusionmasterpublishedAhmed Elsayed Mohamed Morsy ERAK

Genetic comparisons of Egyptian date palm cultivars (Phoenix dactylifera L.) by RAPD-PCR

Random amplified polymorphic DNA technique was used to compare genetic material from four females date palm and four unknown male trees of Egyptian date palm. The genetic similarity between the four females date palm (Zaghloul, Amhat, Samany and Siwi) ranged from 87.5 to 98.9%. The banding profiles obtained suggested that both males 3 and 4 are genetically related to the four female cultivars. (African Journal of Biotechnology: 2003 2(4): 86

Studies on Plant Cover of Wadi Umm El-Rakham in The Northwestern Coast of Egypt

The present investigation was carried out to study the phytosociological characteristics of the range land in Wadi Umm El-Rakham, in Northwestern coast of Egypt during spring 2004 - fall 2005. Thirty eight plant species belong to 17 families were found in Wadi Umm El-Rakham. Eighteen species were annuals and 20 species were perennials. A total of 18 species were palatable, the rest were not. Among annulus, 11 species were palatable, whereas among perennials seven species only were palatable. Fresh and dry foliage yield, species density, frequency, herbage cover and the importance value as well as their relative values were determined in the different locations in the wadi (i.e. top, ridge and wadi bed).  All these traits recorded their highest value in the wadi bed location during spring season of both years 2004 and 2005. Meanwhile, the lowest values of all these traits were recorded in the wadi top location. Significant interaction was noticed among the studied factors i.e. year, location and season) in wadi bed location during spring season of both years.      ÂÂ

Relationship between genetic similarity and some productive traits in local chicken strains

Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique was applied to detect genetic similarity between five local chicken strains that have been selected for eggs and meat production in Egypt. Based on six oligonucleotide primers, the genetic similarity between the egg-producing strains (Anshas, Silver Montazah and Mandarah) ranged from 72.4 to 85.4%. While the genetic similarity between the two chicken strains selected for meat production (Baheij and El-Salam) is 86.9%. (African Journal of Biotechnology: 2003 2(2): 46-47

An efficient route for the synthesis of some monoazo disperse dyes derived from nicotinic acid derivatives

Ethyl 2-amino-3-cyano-4-phenylnicotinates (8), could be readily synthesized via reacting ethyl propiolate with benzylidenemalononitrile in the presence of L-proline as a catalyst and subsequent rearrangement of the so formed 2-aminopyran (7), with acetic acid in the presence of ammonium acetate. A series of 2-amino and 2-hydroxyarylazonicotinates monoazo disperse dyes (12a-c), were prepared in a good yields via condensation of arylhydrazonals (11a-c), with active methylene nitriles. The compound 9 was also characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction studies. Crystal data for compound 9, C15H18O6 (M = 294.29): hexagonal, space group P65 (no. 170), a = 11.3311(5) Å, c = 19.5375(10) Å, V = 2172.42(18) Å3, Z = 6, T = 296(2) K, μ(MoKα) = 0.879 mm-1, Dcalc = 1.350 g/mm3, 4546 reflections measured (9.02 ≤ 2Θ ≤ 132.96), 2271 unique (Rint = 0.0921) which were used in all calculations. The final R1 was 0.0686 (>2σ(I)) and wR2 was 0.1691 (all data)