A Programming Model for the Determination of Benefits Obtainable from the Management of Open-Water Inland (Riverine) Fisheries of Bangladesh

In Bangladesh, most of the inland open-water fisheries had retained an open-access character in the absence of a consistent and effective management policy. Consequently the resulting pattern of fishing activities is characterised by economic inefficiency. In view of this, the current concern of the Government is to increase economic performance of the industry through some direct measures of control on the allocation of fishing rights, fishing effort and fish catch. The objective of this research is to derive an operational model, which can be used to analyse the performance of the fisheries under different simulated alternatives conditions. of techno-economic and biological Functions and parameters of a Base Model were estimated by deriving two sub-models: (a) bio-economic production and (b) the market, using regression techniques. Both primary and secondary data were used for empirical estimation of the sub-models. Accordingly, the model was developed, in a linear programming (LP) framework, to represent various fisheries in the riverine waters of Bangladesh. Results of the base model suggest that the riverine fisheries of Bangladesh are capable, under optimal conditions, of generating a total net benefit of BOT (Bangladesh Taka) 1,383 million per annum (US$1 = BDT32), of which 96% as producer surplus. Also, a significant overcapacity (118%) exists in the existing fleet in terms of application of effort relative to the resource availability. simulation of cost and demand changes reveal that the effect of changes in the cost condition of harvest will in general be related negatively to the intensity of total effort use, total langings, benefits and costs; while the effects of changes in the aggregate demand on total effort, total costs, landings, prices and net benefits will be positive. The implication of the results for management is that intervention into the fisheries through control on effort intensity would produce substantial net benefits from the open-water fisheries

Collective action and property rights in fisheries management

"Fisheries are complex and interdependent ecological and social systems that require integrated management approaches. The actions of one person or group of users affect the availability of the resource for others. Managing such common pool resources requires conscious efforts by a broad range of stakeholders to organize and craft rules enabling equitable and sustainable use of the resources for everyone's benefit. Collective action is often a prerequisite for the development of community-based institutions and the devolution of authority... in the 1990s the WorldFish Center conducted an issuebased, multisectoral, and multidisciplinary analysis (including ecological, economic, social, political, and administrative perspectives) that led to the production of a coastal environmental profile, a technical report detailing the status of fisheries, and an integrated fisheries management plan.... San Miguel's experience highlights (1) the critical role of an appropriate human perception of the situation; (2) the importance of collective action and stakeholder participation at key stages of research, planning, and implementation; (3) the usefulness of structured decision methods for research, planning, and associated debates; and (4) the efficacy of research combined with planning efforts to ensure its utilization and relevance on the one hand and to provide a scientific basis for management planning on the other." - from Text.Public goods ,Poverty alleviation ,Collective action ,

Fish as food

"This paper reports results of incorporating fish into IMPACT, a global model of food supply and demand that estimates market-clearing prices to 2020 for 32 commodities in 36 regions. It summarizes results for production, consumption, net exports and real price changes for 10 economic categories of fisheries items, disaggregated into 15 geographic regions of the world. Under the medium-variant scenario for the uncertain capture fisheries sectors, global production of food fish is projected to rise by 1.5% annually through 2020, with two-thirds of this from aquaculture, whose share in total food fish production rises to 41%. Global per capita fish consumption is projected to be 17.1 kg in 2020, with sensitivity analysis indicating a margin of 2 kg/capita either way based on extreme scenarios for capture and aquaculture. Most growth will occur in developing countries, which will account for 79% of food fish production in 2020. China's share of world production will continue to expand, while that of Japan, the EU, and former USSR will continue to contract. Real fish prices will rise 4 to 16% by 2020, while meat prices will fall 3%. Fishmeal and oil prices will rise 18%; use of these commodities will increasingly be concentrated in carnivorous aquaculture. Growing domestic demand will dampen fish exports from developing countries. Sensitivity analysis incorporating a very pessimistic view of capture fisheries leads to escalating food fish prices (+69% for high-value finfish) and soaring fishmeal prices (+134%), whereas an optimistic view of increased investment in aquaculture lowers real prices of low value food fish (-12%), and raises fishmeal prices (+42%)." Authors' AbstractFishery production Forecasting ,Food supply ,

outlook for fish to 2020

Fish trade ,Fisheries Economic aspects Developing countries ,Fisheries Environmental aspects ,

Introduction to the Issues and Context of Rapid Changes in World Demand for Fish

Recent trends in global fish production, consumption and trade reflect several fundamental shifts in the structure of supply of and demand for fish and seafood. Rapid changes in world demand for fish is first discussed. Six panelists discuss the issues derived from considering fisheries—with particular emphasis on aquaculture—as a major form of food and export production in developing countries that competes with crop and livestock activities for resources. A first paper will review and analyze developments in international seafood markets and its impact on developing countries. This is followed by discussion of the conceptual and practical methodological issues in integrating fish into a broader world food model. Subsequent papers will provide more in-depth sectoral consideration of the trade-offs involved in placing fisheries supply and demand issues in the broader context of agriculture supply and demand, with added regional insights for specific parts of developing Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa. Two panel discussants with broad geographic experience and in-depth knowledge of fisheries issues will provide synthesis of the papers, followed by an open discussion of the panel topic and related issues.Keywords: Fish, 2020, Global Food Model, Data Aggregation, Methodolog

Modeling the Asian Fish Sector: Issues, Framework, and Method

The paper presents a detailed approach to modeling supply and demand of the Asian fish sector. It discusses the salient features of the fish sector in Asian countries that need to be incorporated in a comprehensive model of fish supply and demand, as well as the usefulness of supply and demand modeling for disaggregated impact analysis. Empirical implementation through econometric estimation is outlined, based on the normalized quadratic profit function for supply, multi-stage budgeting and the quadratic LA-AIDS for demand, and modified Armington aggregation for foreign trade. The model structure and equations (in general form) for computing equilibrium and generating market projections on supply, demand, price, and foreign trade are stated and explained.Keywords: economic model, disaggregated impacts, supply, demand, Fisheries Economics, Special session

Impact of Global Climate Change on Aquatic Resources and Food and Income Security of Fishing Dependent Populations

Climate change and climate-induced changes are expected to increase in the future and are likely to cause adverse impacts, especially on aquatic resources and coastal communities, by affecting the productivity and distribution of fish stocks. This will have serious implications on future demand and supply of fish at the global level with consequent effects on trade and on poor households in fishing communities that depend on fishing for consumption and income. However, documented studies on the economic analysis of the impacts of climate change on fisheries has been limited and fragmented. To address this gap, this paper consolidates existing knowledge and understanding related to the impacts of climate change on fisheries and coastal communities with a view of developing a research agenda that identifies priority research issues, provides a framework for collaborative research, and sets the future research direction based on the discussions arising from the “Consultation on the Impact of Global Climate Change on Aquatic Resources and Food and Income Security of Fishing Dependent Populations” held at the University of San Diego on August 24–25, 2005. Results of this study will provide a strong basis for formulating and prioritizing management strategies and policy options to better prepare and respond, as well as minimize the vulnerability of aquatic resources and the coastal population to the impacts of climate change

Aquatic Resources and Rural Livelihoods in Cambodia: An Economic Valuation

The direct economic values of aquatic resources used in various livelihood activities by households in selected rural villages of Cambodia were estimated using the net economic value approach. Data utilized were from 540 aquatic resources dependent households from 3 provinces gathered using household survey, longitudinal monitoring and participatory rural appraisal methods in 2003 and 2004. Among the major findings were: a) fishing was an important livelihood activity among households; b) households were not only dependent on fishing but on numerous other aquatic resources based livelihood activities; c) the most significant cost item for aquatic resources based livelihood activities was labor; d) while among the extractive activities fishing contributed relatively more to total economic value, other activities such as fish culture, fish processing and the gathering of aquatic plants, animals, and wood also contributed significantly to economic value; and e) other activities which specifically depended on water and not necessarily on resource extraction, such as irrigated rice farming, duck raising, and water transportation, also added significantly to total economic value. Some policy implications were put forward including broadly based management of aquatic resources, active cooperation and participation of other water-based government agencies in aquatic resources management, and promotion of investment and credit for households in selected aquatic resources based livelihood activities

Fisheries co-management—an institutional innovation? Lessons from South East Asia and Southern Africa

During the last decade the co-management concept has gained increasing acceptance as a potential way forward to improve fisheries management performance. It has, however, at the same time become increasingly evident that the co-management concept is not clearly defined and means very different things to different people. In this article, we attempt to document experience available from a recent study on fisheries co-management that has researched case studies of various implementations of co-management arrangements in coastal and freshwater fisheries in South East Asia and Southern Africa, and to present a more comprehensive understanding of co-management and to summarise the experiences with both the positive outcomes and the problems in actual implementation