The Essence of Good Governance in Free and Fair Health Care Program

State responsibility for its people, particularly in the health sector, is contained in the constitution, namely the fourth paragraph of the Preamble of the Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia Year 1945, as one of the state's objectiveswhich is "to protect the entire nation and the entire homeland of Indonesia". It is in relation with the purpose of being law state, supported by the constitutional and philosophical basis in maintaining and governing the country... Public services in the health sector is a function of government in running and providing basic rights which all community understood as a right to enjoy life of dignity and the rights recognized by the legislation.Governemnt as the public service providers should perform its duty in accordance with the principles of Good Governance. The most fundamental aspect in fulfilling the basic rights is the right to obtain access for the need of government services... This principle in the administration of the current government still refers to the four main indicators namely public participation, openness and transparency, effective and efficient, and accountability. Keywords: Good Governance, Free and Fair Health Care Progra

A Blender-based channel simulator for FMCW Radar

Radar simulation is a promising way to provide data-cube with effectiveness and accuracy for AI-based approaches to radar applications. This paper develops a channel simulator to generate frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) waveform multiple inputs multiple outputs (MIMO) radar signals. In the proposed simulation framework, an open-source animation tool called Blender is utilized to model the scenarios and render animations. The ray tracing (RT) engine embedded can trace the radar propagation paths, i.e., the distance and signal strength of each path. The beat signal models of time division multiplexing (TDM)-MIMO are adapted to RT outputs. Finally, the environment-based models are simulated to show the validation.Comment: Presented in ISCS2

HDPV-SLAM: Hybrid Depth-augmented Panoramic Visual SLAM for Mobile Mapping System with Tilted LiDAR and Panoramic Visual Camera

This paper proposes a novel visual simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) system called Hybrid Depth-augmented Panoramic Visual SLAM (HDPV-SLAM), that employs a panoramic camera and a tilted multi-beam LiDAR scanner to generate accurate and metrically-scaled trajectories. RGB-D SLAM was the design basis for HDPV-SLAM, which added depth information to visual features. It aims to solve the two major issues hindering the performance of similar SLAM systems. The first obstacle is the sparseness of LiDAR depth, which makes it difficult to correlate it with the extracted visual features of the RGB image. A deep learning-based depth estimation module for iteratively densifying sparse LiDAR depth was suggested to address this issue. The second issue pertains to the difficulties in depth association caused by a lack of horizontal overlap between the panoramic camera and the tilted LiDAR sensor. To surmount this difficulty, we present a hybrid depth association module that optimally combines depth information estimated by two independent procedures, feature-based triangulation and depth estimation. During a phase of feature tracking, this hybrid depth association module aims to maximize the use of more accurate depth information between the triangulated depth with visual features tracked and the deep learning-based corrected depth. We evaluated the efficacy of HDPV-SLAM using the 18.95 km-long York University and Teledyne Optech (YUTO) MMS dataset. The experimental results demonstrate that the two proposed modules contribute substantially to the performance of HDPV-SLAM, which surpasses that of the state-of-the-art (SOTA) SLAM systems.Comment: 8 pages, 3 figures, To be published in IEEE International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering (CASE) 202

Relationship between KRAS and NRAS factors with clinicopathologic findings in patients with metastatic colon cancer

Introduction: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third common cancer among human and the fourth common reason of mortalities caused by cancers around the world. During recent years, EGFR-related molecular pathways are known as an important therapeutic pathway. High frequency of mutations of RAS family such as KRAS and NRAS and their rapid incidence in colon cancer indicates their high potential as a biomarker for early detection. Materials and Methods: In this cross sectional retrograde study, patients with colorectal cancer referring to Golestan Razi and Poursina Hospitals in Iran were evaluated during years 2009-2018. The rates of KRAS and NRAS factors were evaluated on paraffinized pathology samples of patients with metastatic colon cancer. Then, the correlation between mutation in these two factors with other clinicopathological findings of patients such as age, gender, tumor grade, location of primary lesion, time to progression (TTP), family history and presence or absence of lymphovascular invasion was investigated. Results: There was no significant correlation observed between occurrence of NRAS and KRAS with age group, family history and gender in the present study. But there was a significant statistical correlation between the rate of NRAS gene incidence with location of primary lesion and tumor grade. Finally, there was found a significant correlation between both KRAS and NRAS genes with TTP, so that TTP of patients reported less than patients without mutations in both groups. Conclusion: The present study showed that presence of both mutations in KRAS and NRAS makes the prognosis of disease worth such a way the location of primary lesion and tumor grade are two effective factors in incidence of NRAS gene and lymphovascular invasion is the effective factor on KRAS gene incidence. also, TTP is lower among patients with mutations in both KRAS and NRAS genes

The Role of C-reactive Protein in Diagnosis of Acute Complicated Appendicitis: A Diagnostic Accuracy Study

Introduction: Acute appendicitis is one of the most common emergencies of general surgery. Contrary to simple appendicitis, the complicated cases are associated with higher morbidity and mortality. Except for pathology, no accurate diagnostic test has been found to identify complicated cases. Objective: Here in, we aim to evaluate the serum C-Reactive Protein (CRP) level in both acute simple and complicated appendicitis. Methods: In this diagnostic accuracy study, 199 patients with acute appendicitis were enrolled. The serum CRP level was evaluated in patients. Post-operatively, the patients were divided into simple and complicated appendicitis based on histopathological examination. Eventually, analysis of the CRP level and type of appendicitis was performed. Results: Fifty-three patients were categorized into complicated appendicitis and 146 patients into simple appendicitis. The median of CRP was significantly higher in the complicated group. Additionally, the optimal cutoff point was as follows: [65.0 (25.0) vs 25.0 (51.0); P-value< 0.001]. The optimal cutoff point for CRP was more than 42 with 81.1% sensitivity (95% CI: 68.0 to 90.6), and 67.8% specificity (95% CI: 59.6 to 75.3). The positive (PPV) and negative predictive values (NPV), based on the prevalence of complicated appendicitis (26.6%) for optimal cutoff point, were 47.8% (95% CI: 37.1 to 58.6) and 90.8% (95% CI: 83.8 to 95.5). Conclusion: Our study revealed that evaluation of serum CRP levels could be useful and beneficial in the diagnosis of acute complicated appendicitis

Subspace-Based Detector For Distributed Mmwave MIMO Radar Sensors

peer reviewedIn this paper, we present a generic signal model applicable to various distributed radar setups, encompassing both phased array (PA) and MIMO radar configurations. We consider a range of waveform modulation methods, including TDM, BPM, DDM, and fast time CDM. We devise a GLRT based detector for scenarios where the interference consists of colored noise plus a signal in a low-rank subspace and prove that the designed detector is CFAR. We demonstrate that when the CPI time is similar for the systems, the PA radar system exhibits better detection performance than MIMO, irrespective of the waveform modulation approach adopted. However, if the CPI time of the PA system is divided to the number of transmit waveforms utilized in the MIMO radar case (to account for the time needed for a PA radar to scan all angles), then in the presence of non-uniform interference, MIMO techniques, except TDM, surpass the performance of PA. Conversely, in cases of uniform interference, the performance of both MIMO techniques and PA are equivalent.U-AGR-7062 - BRIDGES2020/15407066/MASTERS (01/07/2021 - 30/06/2024) - MYSORE RAMA RAO Bhavani

Time-Code-Spatial Modulated IRS-Aided Radar Localization in NLoS Scenario

peer reviewedFollowing the developments in wireless communications, the use of intelligent reflecting surfaces (IRS) to extend radar illumination to non-line-of-sight (NLoS) scenarios has spurred research interest of late. Initial works have assumed ideal propagation conditions based on the radar equation to assess the signal noise ratio (SNR) enhancement. In this paper, we consider a realistic target position estimation of an IRS-aided radar system framework. Firstly, a time-code-space (TCS) IRS array model was proposed, where each sub-unit array can work independently as a TX IRS unit or Rx IRS unit. Then, the signal model of the time division multiplexing (TDM) IRS array based on the frequency-modulated continuous waveform (FMCW) is derived. Thereafter, the developed signal model is used to emulate the radar performance utilizing a Blender-based simulator in NLoS scenarios, where the various assumptions commonplace in literature and their suitability in realistic scenarios are considered. The simulation result shows the validation of the proposed IRS-aided framework in target localization. Further, the trade-off between angle resolution and energy/ time consumption is also discussed

A Blender-based channel simulator for FMCW Radar

peer reviewedRadar simulation is a promising way to provide data-cube with effectiveness and accuracy for AI-based approaches to radar applications. This paper develops a channel simulator to generate frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) waveform multiple inputs multiple outputs (MIMO) radar signals. In the proposed simulation framework, an open-source animation tool called Blender is utilized to model the scenarios and render animations. The ray tracing (RT) engine embedded can trace the radar propagation paths, i.e., the distance and signal strength of each path. The beat signal models of time division multiplexing (TDM)-MIMO are adapted to RT outputs. Finally, the environment-based models are simulated to show the validation

Insight into blood pressure targets for universal coverage of hypertension services in Iran: the 2017 ACC/AHA versus JNC 8 hypertension guidelines

BACKGROUND: We compared the prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension in Iran based on two hypertension guidelines; the 2017 ACC/AHA -with an aggressive blood pressure target of 130/80 mmHg- and the commonly used JNC8 guideline cut-off of 140/90 mmHg. We shed light on the implications of the 2017 ACC/AHA for population subgroups and high-risk individuals who were eligible for non-pharmacologic and pharmacologic therapies. METHODS: Data was obtained from the Iran national STEPS 2016 study. Participants included 27,738 adults aged ≥25 years as a representative sample of Iranians. Regression models of survey design were used to examine the determinants of prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension. RESULTS: The prevalence of hypertension based on JNC8 was 29.9% (95% CI: 29.2-30.6), which soared to 53.7% (52.9-54.4) based on the 2017 ACC/AHA. The percentage of awareness, treatment, and control were 59.2% (58.0-60.3), 80.2% (78.9-81.4), and 39.1% (37.4-40.7) based on JNC8, which dropped to 37.1% (36.2-38.0), 71.3% (69.9-72.7), and 19.6% (18.3-21.0), respectively, by applying the 2017 ACC/AHA. Based on the new guideline, adults aged 25-34 years had the largest increase in prevalence (from 7.3 to 30.7%). They also had the lowest awareness and treatment rate, contrary to the highest control rate (36.5%) between age groups. Compared with JNC8, based on the 2017 ACC/AHA, 24, 15, 17, and 11% more individuals with dyslipidaemia, high triglycerides, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease events, respectively, fell into the hypertensive category. Yet, based on the 2017 ACC/AHA, 68.2% of individuals falling into the hypertensive category were eligible for receiving pharmacologic therapy (versus 95.7% in JNC8). LDL cholesterol< 130 mg/dL, sufficient physical activity (Metabolic Equivalents≥600/week), and Body Mass Index were found to change blood pressure by - 3.56(- 4.38, - 2.74), - 2.04(- 2.58, - 1.50), and 0.48(0.42, 0.53) mmHg, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Switching from JNC8 to 2017 ACC/AHA sharply increased the prevalence and drastically decreased the awareness, treatment, and control in Iran. Based on the 2017 ACC/AHA, more young adults and those with chronic comorbidities fell into the hypertensive category; these individuals might benefit from earlier interventions such as lifestyle modifications. The low control rate among individuals receiving treatment warrants a critical review of hypertension services