THE SMART CITY INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT & MONITORING

The smart city infrastructure is the introductory step for establishing the overall smart city framework and architecture. Very few smart cities are recently established across the world. Some examples are: Dubai, Malta, Kochi (India), Singapore. The scope of these cities is mainly limited to construct a technology park converting the industrial real estate to state of the art information technology using the evolution in the telecom and IP networks including insignificant asset management automation system. The development background is to create an operational platform that would manage the power consumption and operational resources in order to reduce the overall running operational cost. This paper will debate the smart infrastructure development framework and the surveying positional accuracy of locating the assets as a base of the smart city development architecture integrated with all the facilities and systems related to the smart city framework. The paper will discuss also the main advantages of the proposed architecture including the quantifiable and non quantifiable benefits.Smart Infrastructure, GIS, Smart City, Geopsatial application, Infrastructure Development, Infrastructure Monitoring.

MATHEMATICAL MODELING CONSIDERING AIR POLLUTION OF TRANSPORTATION: AN URBAN ENVIRONMENTAL PLANNING, CASE STUDY IN PETALING JAYA, MALAYSIA

This paper provides the findings on a project undertaken to develop a geo-spatial mathematical model relating landuse, road type and air quality. The model shows how spatial elements and issues were quantified to accurately represent the usual and unusual urban environment in the development of residential land-use. The mathematical relationship was based on the optimum distance between residential area and urban transportation network. This mathematical analysis would provide a better planning for urban transportation. The spatial data (urban land-use and urban network development) were generated using satellite images, aerial photos and land use maps. Geospatial analyses were performed to find the effect and impact of urban air quality with respect to urban transportation networks. The output of the study would assist the task to reduce negative transport environmental impacts particularly in the field of air pollution. It would also be useful in identifying the potential residential area with respect to urban transportation network towards achieving sustainable development.Transportation, Model, Air pollution, urban environment, land use.

Spatial multi-criteria decision analysis for safe school site selection

Schools which are located in a strategic and safe area play an important role in improving students’ performance and excellence. To ensure both success and long -term sustainability of the school planning,the finding of suitable sites for school is important and challenging. This study delves into a site selection process to establish a systematic public school. It was carried out by geographic information system (GIS)and multi-criteria evaluation model. A set of criteria was used to design a number of potential sites using a spatial analysis model. Mukim Batu which is located in Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur (WPKL) has been selected as the study area. The final safety model outputs were compared with the field verification data and found to be reliable

Mobile laser scanning, for monitoring polythylene city infrastructure network.

This research discusses a more efficient geospatial monitoring technique for city infrastructure networks. It will concentrate on polyethylene city infrastructure materials, where power, water and communication networks are covered or protected by polyethylene materials. A technical comparison is conducted between current and proposed geospatial monitoring techniques in order to develop an overall performance evaluation. The mobile laser scanning technology achieved the best performance evaluation, where detailed data analysis and collection, mobile laser missions, modeling and interpretation, and system geometrical corrections for location and orientation have also been conducted. Prior to conducting the performance evaluation, the research investigates mobile laser behavior and recognition capabilities with respect to Polyethylene City infrastructure materials. After analyzing the mobile laser pulses behavior, and its correlations with the mission ground speed and exposed scanned surface, it is concluded that the mobile laser pulses response is constant for the Polyethylene City infrastructure materials. The concluded mobile laser pulses constant is utilized to develop a mathematical model for re-planning the mobile laser scanning missions to obtain the best model for monitoring the Polyethylene City infrastructure networks

Pre-flood inundation mapping for flood early warning.

In this study the results of two rainfall-run-off simulations were used as input into a MIKE11GIS and hydrological modelling process for flood inundation mapping based on the flood event (27 September to 8 October 2000) in Malaysia of the Langat River Basin area. Separate inundation maps were generated for the recorded observed rainfall and from a developed quantitative precipitation forecast (QPF), which was based on top of the cloud reflectance and brightness temperature (TB) derive from Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) and Geostationary Meteorological Satellite (GMS) satellite data sets. The QPF had rain rates between 3 and 12 mm/h for the 264 h rainfall duration. While the actual recorded rainfall for the same duration was used for the observed. The objective of the study was to compare the similarities of the flood inundation generated from the QPF run-off with that generated from the rainfall-run-off of the actual flood event. The accuracies of the maps were verified using grid point locations of flooded areas taken during the event. The selected sampled point of the verification showed an accuracy of 70% of the QPF on the observed flood map. Sampled points measured flood extent, coverage and depth of flood in the basin area

The prevalence and associated factors of clinical and subclinical rheumatic heart disease among rheumatic heart disease children admitted in HUSM

INTRODUCTION Rheumatic heart disease or rheumatic carditis remains the leading cause of acquired heart disease in children worldwide and continues to be an important public health problem in developing countries. To date, there is no local data regarding the clinical and subclinical rheumatic heart disease. OBJECTIVES: The main objectives of this study is to determine the prevalence of clinical and subclinical rheumatic heart disease and to study the factors associated with both clinical and subclinical rheumatic heart disease in children presented to Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia. METHODS: This study was conducted via retrospective record review of children with rheumatic heart disease who was referred or admitted to Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia from 2002 to 2014 who meet all the study criteria. RESULT There were 171 newly diagnosed rheumatic heart disease patients included in this study. The prevalence of clinical rheumatic heart disease and subclinical rheumatic heart disease were 86.5% and 13.5% respectively. The mean age at diagnosis of rheumatic heart disease was 10.8 years old and predominantly male with ratio of 1.1 to 1. The mean age for subclinical rheumatic heart disease was 9 years old and predominantly female. All patients of rheumatic heart disease involved in this study were Malay. Majority of the patients of rheumatic heart disease were from rural areas and it accounted for 60.2%. Patient with rheumatic heart disease mainly have siblings more than 5 which is 52.6%, as compared to number of siblings less or equal to 5 which comprised only 47.4%. The low household income group showed high prevalence of rheumatic heart disease, in which 78.7% of the cases of clinical rheumatic heart disease and comprised of 56.3% cases of subclinical. The majority of the parents were educated up to secondary school level, which was comprised of 76.4%. Age was the only significant factor which influenced subclinical RHD compare to clinical RHD. CONCLUSION The prevalence of subclinical rheumatic heart disease in this study was comparable to other studies. Increasing age was less likely to develop subclinical rheumatic heart disease compare to clinical RHD

Maximal service area problem for optimal siting of emergency facilities

Geographic information systems (GIS) have been integrated to many applications in facility location problems today. However, there are still some GIS capabilities yet to be explored thoroughly. This study utilizes the capability of GIS to generate service areas as the travel time zones in a facility location model called the maximal service area problem (MSAP). The model is addressed to emergency facilities for which accessibility is an important requirement. The objective of the MSAP is to maximize the total service area of a specified number of facilities. In the MSAP, continuous space is deemed as the demand area, thus the optimality was measured by how large the area could be served by a set of facilities. Fire stations in South Jakarta, Indonesia, were chosen as a case study. Three heuristics, genetic algorithm (GA), tabu search (TS) and simulated annealing (SA), were applied to solve the optimization problem of the MSAP. The final output of the study shows that the three heuristics managed to provide better coverage than the existing coverage with the same number of fire stations within the same travel time. GA reached 82.95% coverage in 50.60 min, TS did 83.20% in 3.73 min, and SA did 80.17% in 52.42 min, while the existing coverage only reaches 73.82%

Use of geospatial technology for landfill site selection.

Growth of population and extensive industrial development had increases solid wastes and pollutants in many parts of the world (superscript [1-2]). Due to the economic and technologic limitations not all waste can be easily turn to other sort of materials or energy. As a result so, we still have to rely on the common solution to bury as to excrete urban wastes. Selection of an appropriate site for this process in a big city like Mashad in Iran is an important task which needs a cautious, strategic planning and investigations at various levels. With regards to this issue it is necessary to have a comprehensive volume of spatial information ofthe surrounding area and a proper analysis and spatial exploration need to be done. The methodology being implemented utilized geospatial technology for the management and visualization of spatial data while fuzzy logic is used in searching the best location for site selection. In this paper the basic elements of the fuzzy logic methodology as well as its potential in the specific problem are described. A case study for Mashad city is elaborated. The results drawn up by fuzzy logic are compared with that of the traditional Boolean approach in the decision making process

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Spatial information technology in flood early warning systems: an overview of theory, application and latest developments in Malaysia

Malaysia experiences a major flood event every three years due to the adverse effects of two monsoon seasons a year. Floods have thus become the most significant natural disaster in the country in terms of the population affected, frequency, aerial extent, financial cost and the disruption to socio-economic activities. Many previous flood control measures have had different levels of success but have generally had little effect in reducing the problem. However, it is now understood that it is neither possible nor desirable to control floods completely. Spatial information technology is thus being increasingly recognized as the most effective approach to flood disaster management. This paper reviews the spatial information technology in flood disaster management and its application in Malaysia. Some flood forecasting systems are discussed, along with their shortcomings. The paper discusses the framework of a proposed flood early warning system for the Langat river basin that operationally couples real-time NOAA-AVHRR data for quantitative precipitation forecasting with hydrologically oriented GIS and a MIKE11 hydrodynamic model