The Moderating Effect of Hardiness on the Relationships between Problem-Solving Skills and Perceived Stress with Suicidal Ideation in Nursing Students

Recent evidence indicates an elevated risk of suicidal ideation for undergraduate nursing students. This research was designed to enhance the understanding of suicidal ideation in nursing students by investigating the relationships between problem-solving skills, perceived stress, hardiness, and suicidal ideation, with the possibility of hardiness acting as a moderator in the relationships between problem-solving skills appraisal and perceived stress with suicidal ideation. A multi-stage cluster random sample of Malaysian nursing undergraduate students (N = 204) completed self-report questionnaires. The results of structural equation modeling revealed that poor problem-solving skills, greater levels of perceived stress, and low levels of hardiness predicted greater levels of suicidal ideation. Also, hardiness emerged as a moderator in the links between problem-solving skills appraisal and perceived stress with suicidal ideation. The findings incrementally improve our understanding about the importance of hardiness as a moderator in explaining how problem-solving skills and perceived stress affect suicidal ideation. The results of this study are obtained from Malaysian nursing students and possible generalization to other populations should be verified by further studies

The relationship between marital satisfaction and mental health in mothers of children with emotional and behavioral problems

Usually, children’s emotional and behavioral difficulties are a reflection of parents’, especially mothers’ lack of marital satisfaction and their psychological conditions. The present study investigated the relationship between marital satisfaction and mental health in mothers of children with emotional and behavioral problems. For this purpose, from 412 first and sixth grade female students in a primary school of district two of education, in Tehran, 42 students with emotional and behavioral problems were identified by their mothers. Finally, 28 mothers of children with emotional and behavioral problems took part in the study as the available sample. The required data were collected through enrich marital satisfaction scale, general health questionnaire, and Rutter child behavior questionnaire. The data were analyzed by linear regression analysis. The findings revealed that in mothers of girls with emotional and behavioral problems there is a significant correlation between marital satisfaction and mental health (P>0.001). It is clear that when marital satisfaction and mental health is low in mothers of girls, the emotional and behavioral problems of their children increase

Educational need assessment of deaf students in technical high schools

Educational need assessment is the most important step in planning, particularly in curriculum development. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was answering to two questions a) What was the educational needs and its priorities in views of deaf students in technical high schools in Isfahan, Iran? b) Were there any differences between views of male and female students toward educational needs? In the present descriptive study, sixty male and female deaf students were randomly selected in two technical high schools in Isfahan. The participants completed a research-made educational need assessment questionnaire. The findings revealed that most students reported which communicational and motivational needs were needed. Also, there were significant differences between four categories of motivational needs, communicational needs, vocational needs and kinesthetic needs. The results showed that all participants reported their needs in all items, whereas female students reported more needs in motivational and kinesthetic needs than male students

Prediction of General Mental Health Based on esilience in Adolescent Siblings of Students with Intellectual Disabilities in Shiraz in the Academic Year 2011–2012

Objective: This study aims at predicting the general mental health based on resilience in adolescent siblings of students with intellectual disabilities.Method: The present study is an applied research conducted by correlational methodology. The statistical population of this research includes all the adolescent (12–18 year-old) siblings of students with intellectual disabilities in Shiraz city in the academic year 2011–2012. The sample size is 91 adolescent (50 females and 41 males) siblings selected by random cluster sampling. Conner & Davidson resilience scale was applied to measure the resilience of siblings, and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ 28) was used for measuring mental health disorders.Results: The data were analyzed by using multiple regression test, which show that resilience is a significant negative predictor of symptoms of somatic disorder, anxiety, social dysfunction and depression (p<0/01). These findings are indicative of the role and importance of resilience in mental health of siblings of students with intellectual disabilities. Therefore, in order to increase the mental health of adolescents, who have siblings with intellectual disabilities, resilience training programs should be designed and implemented as a pre-emptive action

Effect of family-based intervention program on parenting skills of mothers and clinical symptoms of children with behavioral disorder

Behavioral disorders are one of the most common psychological issues of childhood and adolescence. The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of family-based intervention program on parenting skills of mothers and clinical symptoms of children with behavioral disorder. The study was quasi-experimental research. The population all students with behavioral disorders who were studying the first to six grades in this study, sixthy students and along with their parents were selected as the main sample of the research. The research tools included Baumrind's parental style inventory and clinical symptoms checklist. The intra-family relationships promotion program was held as eight group sessions for parents, an individual family session, two phone- call sessions and an enforcement session. The research findings indicated that the family-based intervention program could improve mothers' authoritative parenting skills and also could reduce clinical symptoms of children and the results were stabled for a three-month follow-up. Therefore, family and child counselors can use this family-based intervention program to increase parenting skills of mothers and reduction clinical symptoms of children with behavioral disorder

Identification of the Effect of Prenatal Maternal Stressors on Children with Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder

The present study aims atidentifyingthe role of prenatal maternal stressors in having attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). In this ex post facto research, 64 children with ADHD and 61 normal children were identified by teachers in nursery and elementary schools in Parand, Iran using a diagnostic checklist for ADHD. In order to identify the prenatal maternal stressors, a checklist was developed by the researchers and administrated to two groups of mothers. Inthisstudy, the prenatal factors were considered as predictive variables, ADHD as criterionvariable and gender as control variable. Resultsshowedthatmother’s disease, argumentswith relativesandmother’s concern over financial problems during pregnancy were significantly higher in mothers of children with ADHD than the normal group. The results also showed that there was a significant difference between the average weight of ADHD and normal children at birth time. In other words the average weight of children with ADHD was significantly lower than normal childre

The Relationship between Cognitive-Behavioral Skills and Mother-Child Interaction with Conduct Disorder Symptoms and Oppositional Defiant Disorder in Children with ADHD

Introduction: Nowadays, the main focus of modern researches in the field of ADHD has been on the area of comorbid disorders and reducing their symptoms. In this regard, cognitive-behavioral therapies have tried to reduce the symptoms by using methods such as self-control, problem-solving, and social skills. Given the important role of the family, the present study investigated the pre-assumptions of the treatment by addressing the structural relationships between the social skills, problem-solving skills, and self-control with the symptoms of conduct disorder and oppositional defiant disorders in the children with ADHD and the mediating role of the mother-child interaction. Methods: This study was performed on 104 male models, fourth to sixth grade students of the elementary school in Yazd, Iran. In this study, the Child Symptom Inventory, Child-Parent Relationship Scale, Problem-Solving Inventory, Self-Control Rating Scale, and Matson Evaluation of Social Skills with youngsters were used. The results were analyzed with path analysis by SPSS software version 23. Results:  Findings showed that problem-solving skills, self-control skills, social skills, and mother-child interaction can explain 75% of the variance of CD and 71% of the variance of ODD in the model. In another section of the analysis, the findings showed that the effect of problem-solving and self-control skills on the mother-child interaction was significant, but the social skills had no significant effect on the mother-child interaction. Also, the problem-solving variable can affect the CD through the mediating variable in the mother-child interaction, and also has a direct relationship with the current disorder but does not have a significant effect on ODD. The self-control variable in addition to its direct relationship to disorder can affect CD and ODD through the mother-child interaction. Conclusion: Self-control, problem-solving, and social skills are associated with the symptoms of behavioral disorders in the children with ADHD, and can be used in designing cognitive-behavioral therapy packages, and also the way the mother and child interact, is effective in this type of treatments