Hyperuricemia as a risk factor for increase severity of coronary vessel occlusion disease: a cross-sectional study in North Indian population

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the most common cause of death worldwide. The present study was conducted to study uric acid as a potential biomarker in predicting the severity of CVD in terms of vessel involvement.Methods: A cross-sectional study, conducted at Rajiv Gandhi Super Speciality Hospital, Tahirpur, Delhi. A total of 52 consecutive male and female patients age between 30 to 70 years was included in this study. Written informed consent was obtained from all the enrolled patients. Automated analysers were used for the analysis of blood glucose, lipid profile and serum uric acid level. IBM SPSS Statistics (Version 20.0, IBM SPSS, IL, USA) was used for the statistical analyses.Results: In this study, a total of 52 consecutive patients were divided into three groups; single-vessel disease (n=19), double vessel disease (n=19) and triple vessel disease (n=14). Biochemical profile of all the groups was calculated. A group of triple vessel disease patients showing higher amount (164±42 mg/dl) of cholesterol level as compared to the other two groups (157±34 mg/dl). The mean level of serum uric acid levels significantly differed and its mean levels increases as the severity of vessel diseases increases. The receiver operating characteristic curve shows the uric level has 71% sensitivity and 52.5% specificity for detecting the severity of coronary vessel disease.Conclusions: This study demonstrated an increased serum uric acid levels were associated with increased severity of vessel disease, and serum uric acid is an independent risk factor for coronary artery disease

Correlation analysis of HbA1c versus random, fasting, and postprandial glucose levels as predictors of glycemic control in type 2 diabetes patients

Background: Glycated Hemoglobin (HbA1c) is used for assessing glycemic control over the past 8–12 weeks. This is critical for determining the efficacy of diabetes treatment and predicting the progression of microvascular complications. However, in health-care situations where tests for HbA1c are either unavailable or unfeasible for any reason, clinicians rely only on plasma glucose values for assessing the glycemic control of the patient. Aims and Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between HbA1c and fasting, postprandial, and random plasma glucose levels. Materials and Methods: Routine blood samples obtained from the laboratory to measure HbA1c and plasma glucose (fasting/postprandial/random) were used for study. A total of 207 samples were used to investigate the relationship between HbA1c and fasting and postprandial glucose (PPG/PP). The correlation of HbA1c with random glucose values was investigated using 112 samples. HbA1c was estimated by immunoturbidimetry and glucose was estimated by hexokinase method. Pearson’s correlation analysis was done by SPSS version 20 software. Results: The Pearson correlation coefficient (r) with regard to PPG/PP and HbA1c was 0.75 (P=0.01, 95% CI), fasting glucose and HbA1c was 0.73 (P=0.01, 95% CI), and random glucose and HbA1c was 0.59 (P=0.01, 95% CI). Conclusion: PPG/PP correlates with HbA1c better than fasting or random glucose. When it is impossible to perform HbA1c measurements, PPG measurements should be used instead

Standardization and quality control of Kutajastaka Kvatha Ghana Vati: An Ayurvedic formulation

Quality assurance of herbal medicine is an important factor and basic requirement for herbal drug industry and other drug development organizations. Kutajastaka Kvatha Ghana Vati is one of the ancient, most commonly used Ayurvedic formulations which are made in combination of nine plant ingredients. Ayurvedic literature reveals that the formulation was used for the treatment of Daha (burning sensation), Raktatisara (Diarrhoea with blood), Sula (pain), Amadosa (products of impaired digestion and metabolism) and Sarvatisara (all types of diarrhoea). Due to the lack of quality standards, there are batch to batch variations. The present study was thus undertaken to develop standards for the quality control of the Vati. All the ingredients were procured locally; identified by a taxonomist and an Ayurvedacharya; Vati was prepared in laboratory scale using GMP; and analyzed as per standard methods. All the samples were subjected to physico-chemical analysis, HPTLC finger printing, heavy metals analysis, and microbial load. The data obtained can be adopted for laying down the pharmacopoeial standards for Kutajastaka Kvatha Ghana Vati

Standardization and quality control of<i> Kutajastaka Kvatha Ghana Vati</i>: An <i>Ayurvedic </i> formulation

310-313Quality assurance of herbal medicine is an important factor and basic requirement for herbal drug industry and other drug development organizations. Kutajastaka Kvatha Ghana Vati is one of the ancient, most commonly used Ayurvedic formulations which are made in combination of nine plant ingredients. Ayurvedic literature reveals that the formulation was used for the treatment of Daha (burning sensation), Raktatisara (Diarrhoea with blood), Sula (pain), Amadosa (products of impaired digestion and metabolism) and Sarvatisara (all types of diarrhoea). Due to the lack of quality standards, there are batch to batch variations. The present study was thus undertaken to develop standards for the quality control of the Vati. All the ingredients were procured locally; identified by a taxonomist and an Ayurvedacharya; Vati was prepared in laboratory scale using GMP; and analyzed as per standard methods. All the samples were subjected to physico-chemical analysis, HPTLC finger printing, heavy metals analysis, and microbial load. The data obtained can be adopted for laying down the pharmacopoeial standards for Kutajastaka Kvatha Ghana Vati

The study of the role of insulin resistance as etiological factor in polycystic ovarian syndrome: a case control study

The relationship between insulin resistance (IR) and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) has been consistently shown by several studies but what is the cause and what is the effect remained an unsolved issue. In recent years, IR has been suggested to be a key etiological factor which contributes to the severity of metabolic and reproductive features in PCOS. The aim of the present study is to determine the etiological role of IR in PCOS

La resistencia a la insulina como factor etiológico en el síndrome del ovario poliquístico: un estudio de casos y controles

Aunque la relación entre la resistencia a la insulina (RI) y el síndrome del ovario poliquístico (SOP) ha sido demostrada en diversos estudios, los mecanismos subyacentes de causa y efecto aún no han sido dilucidados. En los últimos años, se ha señalado que la RI podría ser un factor etiológico clave, asociado a la gravedad de los desórdenes metabólicos y reproductivos de las pacientes con SOP. El objetivo del presente estudio es determinar el papel de la RI en la etiología del SOP

Association of FokI polymorphism of vitamin D receptor gene with vitamin D and parathyroid hormone levels in stage IV-V chronic kidney disease patients

511-516Most of the chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage IV-V patients have deficiency of vitamin D. Active vitamin D binds to vitamin D receptor (VDR) to regulate target gene transcription and mediates diverse biological functions. Various genetic variations such as FokI polymorphism, may affect the VDR gene expression and may play an important role in pathogenesis of CKD. In this context, here, we looked into the association of FokI polymorphism of VDR gene with serum vitamin D and PTH levels in stage IV-V CKD patients. A total of 150 patients of CKD stage IV-V, aged 25-60 years, and 150 healthy controls (HC), age and sex matched, were enrolled for the study. FokI polymorphism was analyzed using polymerase chain reactionrestriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) in the study subjects. The prevalence of different genotypes and allelic frequency distributions were compared in study subjects. Serum PTH and vitamin D were estimated by eCLIA method. No significant differences in genotype and in allelic frequencies between CKD patients and HC were observed. No significant differences in biochemical parameters based on genotypic variations were observed. The results suggest no association of VDR FokI polymorphism with CKD. No significant association was noticed between FokI variants and PTH or VitD

Raised TSH is associated with endothelial dysfunction in Metabolic Syndrome: A case control study

Introduction. Endothelial dysfunction has been considered as one of the important factors in pathogenesis of Metabolic Syndrome (Met S). Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) has also been reported to be associated with Met S. The aim of our study is to evaluate the association of raised TSH with mediators of endothelial dysfunction in Met S with Subclinical hypothyroidism as compared to healthy controls

Promises of Protein Kinase Inhibitors in Recalcitrant Small-Cell Lung Cancer: Recent Scenario and Future Possibilities

SCLC is refractory to conventional therapies; targeted therapies and immunological checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) molecules have prolonged survival only marginally. In addition, ICIs help only a subgroup of SCLC patients. Different types of kinases play pivotal roles in therapeutics-driven cellular functions. Therefore, there is a significant need to understand the roles of kinases in regulating therapeutic responses, acknowledge the existing knowledge gaps, and discuss future directions for improved therapeutics for recalcitrant SCLC. Here, we extensively review the effect of dysregulated kinases in SCLC. We further discuss the pharmacological inhibitors of kinases used in targeted therapies for recalcitrant SCLC. We also describe the role of kinases in the ICI-mediated activation of antitumor immune responses. Finally, we summarize the clinical trials evaluating the potential of kinase inhibitors and ICIs. This review overviews dysregulated kinases in SCLC and summarizes their potential as targeted therapeutic agents. We also discuss their clinical efficacy in enhancing anticancer responses mediated by ICIs

Standardization of <i>Dhanyapanchaka Kvatha Ghana Vati</i>- An <i>Ayurvedic</i> formulation

386-390Quality assurance is an integral part of all systems of medicine to ensure quality medicament. Thus, there is an urgent need to evaluate such parameters which can be adopted by the pharmaceutical industries. In the communication, attempts have been made to standardize Dhanyapanchaka Kvatha Ghana Vati, an Ayurvedic compound formulation. Standardization and quality control of Ayurvedic formulations is necessary to ensure their quality, strength, purity and authenticity. Present work deals with physico-chemical analysis, high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC), microbial limit test and heavy metals analysis of Dhanyapanchaka Kvatha Ghana Vati. The outcomes of the research confirm to the need of ensuring quality and safety of Ayurvedic medicines