Composition of leaf and stem bark oils of Xylopia villosa Chipp.

International audienceLeaves (16 samples) and stem bark (four samples) of Xylopia villosa were collected in two forests of south-eastern Côte d'Ivoire. The chemical composition of essential oils was investigated by gas chromatography (GC; in combination with retention indices) and 13C nuclear resonance (NMR). Thirty-three compounds accounting for 85.9-95.9% of the oil have been identified. Xylopia villosa produces a monoterpene-rich essential oil, whose composition was dominated by sabinene or (Z)-B-ocimene, one or the other compound being the major component. One atypycal leaf oil sample exhibited myrcene as major component

Combined Analysis of the Root Bark Oil of Cleistopholis glauca by Chromatographic and Spectroscopic Techniques

International audienceThe composition of root bark oil from Cleistopholis glauca Pierre ex Engler & Diels growing wild in Ivory Coast was investigated by GC (in combination with retention indices) and 13C NMR spectroscopy after partition of hydrocarbons and oxygenated compounds on silica gel. Thirty-one compounds have been identified. C. glauca produces a sesquiterpene-rich oil, patchoulenone (33.5%), cyperene (9.5%) and germacrene D (6.6%) being the main components. Special attention was paid to the identification and quantification of germacrene C (a heat-sensitive compound) and d-elemene, which were achieved by a combination of GC(FID) and 13C NMR spectroscopy. The composition of C. glauca root bark and leaf oils differed drastically

Combined analysis of Xylopia aethiopica trunk bark oil by chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques

International audienceThe chemical composition of four oil samples of Xylopia aethiopica isolated from trunk bark harvested in three Ivoirian forests was investigated by chromatographic (GC with retention indices) and spectroscopic techniques (MS, 13C NMR). Thirty compounds accounting for 90.2-98.2% of the oil have been identified. X. aethiopica stem bark produced a monoterpene-rich essential oil, whose composition was dominated by β-pinene (37.0-61.6%) and α-pinene (13.0-19.3%). Two samples out of four contained also 3,3-dimethyl-1- vinylcyclohexene (up to 6.4%) and 4,4-dimethyl-2-vinylcyclohexene (up to 12.7%)

Composition and Chemical Variability of Ivoirian Xylopia staudtii leaf oil

International audienceThe chemical composition of a leaf oil sample from Ivoirian Xylopia staudtii Engler & Diels (Annonaceae) has been investigated by a combination of chromatographic [GC(RI)] and spectroscopic (GC-MS, 13C NMR) techniques. Thirty-five components that accounted for 91.8% of the whole composition have been identified. The oil composition was dominated by the furanoguaiadienes furanoguaia-1,4-diene (39.0%) and furanoguaia-1,3-diene (7.5%), and by germacrene D (17.5%). The composition of twelve other leaf oil samples demonstrated qualitative homogeneity, but quantitative variability. Indeed, the contents of the major components varied substantially: furanoguaia-1,4-diene (24.7-51.7%) and germacrene D (5.9-24.8%). The composition of X. staudtii leaf oil is close to that of X. rubescens leaf oil but varied drastically from those of the essential oils isolated from other Xylopia species. 13C NMR spectroscopy appeared as a powerful and complementary tool for analysis of sesquiterpene-rich essential oil

Three new natural compounds from the root bark essential oil from Xylopia aethiopica

International audienceIntroduction - In the course of on-going work on the characterisation of aromatic plants from the Ivory Coast we investigated the composition of the root oil from Xylopia aethiopica. Objectives - The aim of this work was to investigate the chemical composition of X. aethiopica root oil and elucidate the structure of two new compounds. Methodology - Analysis of the essential oil was carried out using a combination of chromatographic (CC, GC with retention indices) and spectroscopic techniques (MS, 13C-NMR, 2D-NMR). Results - Twenty seven components, accounting for 95.6% of the whole composition, were identified including various compounds for which spectroscopic data were absent on commercial computerised MS libraries. Three compounds are reported for the first time as natural compounds and the structure of two new compounds, ,4-dimethyl-2-vinylcyclohexenene and endo-5-methoxy-3-patchoulene, has been elucidated using extensive two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy. Conclusion - The composition of X. aethiopica root oil is dominated by two dimethylvinylcyclohexene isomers. It differs drastically from the composition of leaf and fruit oils of the same plant. The combination of analytical techniques appeared crucial for a fruitful analysis

The key role of 13C NMR analysis in the identification of individual components of Polyalthia longifolia leaf oil

International audiencePolyalthia longifolia produces sesquiterpene-rich essential oils (EOs) whose compositions varied substantially from sample to sample depending on the origin of the plant (Nigeria and Vietnam). Nothing is known about the phytochemistry of Ivoirian P. longifolia. The aim of the present study was to characterize Ivoirian P. longifolia through the chemical composition of the leaf oil and to develop a strategy that allows the identification of minor oxygenated sesquiterpenes whose MS data are not compiled in commercial or laboratory-constructed MS libraries. The EO was submitted to gas chromatography (GC) retention index (RI), GC-mass spectrometry (MS) and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis. Then hydrocarbons and oxygenated components were separated and the oxygenated fraction was chromatographed on silica gel. The fractions were analysed by GC(RI) and 13C NMR. Seventy compounds accounting for 91.8% of the EO were identified. Sesquiterpene hydrocarbons, (E)-β-caryophyllene (27.8%), α-zingiberene (20.0%) and allo-aromadendrene (15.0%), were the major components. Various oxygenated sesquiterpenes whose MS data were not compiled in commercial and laboratory-made MS libraries were identified by comparison of their chemical shift values in the spectrum of the fraction of CC with those reported in the literature and compiled in a laboratory-constructed 13C NMR data library. The composition of the investigated Ivoirian P. longifolia oil sample presented similarities and differences with Nigerian and Vietnamese oils. Combined analysis of Ivoirian P. longifolia EO by chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques including 13C NMR without isolation of the components, appeared particularly efficient to identify minor components of EOs, whose MS spectra are insufficiently differentiated or MS data are not compiled in commercial and lab-constructed MS libraries

Chemical Variability of Ivoirian Xylopia rubescens Leaf Oil

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Composition and Chemical Variability of Cleistopholis patens Trunk Bark Oil from Côte d'Ivoire

International audienceThe chemical composition of trunk bark oil from Cleistopholis patens (BENTH.) ENGL. & DIELS, growing wild in C^oted’Ivoire, has been investigated by GC (FID) in combination with retention indices, GC/MS and 13C-NMR. Moreover,one oil sample has been subjected to CC and all the fractions analyzed by GC (RI) and 13C-NMR. In total, 61components have been identified, including various sesquiterpene esters scarcely found in essential oils. 13C-NMRwas particularly efficient for the identification of a component not eluted on GC and for the quantification of heatsensitivecompounds. Then, 36 oil samples, isolated from trunk bark harvested in six Ivoirian forests have beenanalyzed. The content of the main components varied drastically from sample to sample: (E)-b-caryophyllene(0.4 – 69.1%), b-pinene (0 – 57%), a-phellandrene (0 – 33.2%), a-pinene (0.1 – 30.6%), b-elemol (0.1 – 29.9%),germacrene D (0 – 25.4%), juvenile hormone III (0 – 22.9%), germacrene B (0 – 20.6%) and sabinene (tr-20.3%).Statistical analysis, hierarchical clustering and principal components analysis, carried out on the 36 compositionsevidenced a fair chemical variability of the stem bark oil of this species. Indeed, three clusters have beendistinguished: the composition of group I (ten samples) was dominated by b-pinene and a-pinene, group II (ninesamples) was represented by a-phellandrene and p-cymene and group III (16 samples) by b-elemol. A sampledisplayed an atypical composition dominated by (E)-b-caryophyllene

Monoterpene hydrocarbons, major components of the dried leaves essential oils of five species of the genus Eucalyptus from Côte d'Ivoire.

International audiencehe chemical composition of the essential oils obtained from the dried leaves of five species of the genus Eucalyptus (E. camaldulensis, E. de-glupta, E. grandis, E. torelliana, E. urophylla) growing in C?te d'Ivoire, was analyzed by means of GC and GC/MS. The density and the refractive index were measured. The major components of all these oils are: α-pinene, β-pinene, α-phellandrene, limonene, γ-terpinene, p-cymene and β-caryo-phyllene. The particularity of these oils is their monoterpene hydrocarbons major components

Composition and Chemical Variability of Ivorian Xylopia rubescensTrunk Bark Oil

International audienceNine samples of Xylopia rubescens Oliv. (Annonaceae) trunk bark oil have been analyzed by combination of GC(RI) and 13C NMR. The contents of the majorcomponents varied substantially from sample to sample: (8Z,11Z,14Z)-heptadeca-8,11-14-trien-2-one (14.7-33.0%), furanoguaia-1,4-diene (0-36.8%) and-pinene (0.9-29.0%). The content of a few components reached punctually an appreciable amount: -pinene (up to 10.7%), germacrene D (up to 12.0%),bicyclogermacrene (up to 10.0%) and spathulenol (up to 10.0%). X. rubescens trunk bark oil displayed a fair chemical variabilit