EVALUATING THE BEST POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL AS SOLID DISPERSION CARRIER BY TAKING ETORICOXIB AS A MODEL DRUG

Objective: The main objective of the current research is focused in discovering the best polyethylene glycol (PEG) as solid dispersion carrier using etoricoxib (ECB) as a model drug. Methods: Varieties of PEG, namely PEG - 3350, PEG - 4000, PEG - 6000, PEG - 8000, and PEG - 20000, were evaluated as a carrier for making ECB solid dispersions. ECB:PEG was taken in the ratios of 1:1, 1:2, 1:4, and 1:6. The solid dispersions were prepared by microwave fusion method and compressed using 8 station tablet compression machine. The fabricated solid dispersion tablets were tested for physicochemical characteristics and drug release rates. The release of ECB from the prepared solid dispersions was further analyzed kinetically using the first order and Hixson-Crowell’s plots. Results: All the solid dispersion batches were shown satisfactory physicochemical characteristics. ECB solid dispersion batches with PEG - 6000 showed good solubility in distilled water (up to 2.29±0.01 μg/ml) and in 0.1 N HCl (up to 2.18±0.01 μg/ml) when compared with ECB alone (0.21±0.01 μg/ml and 0.32±0.01 μg/ml). The prepared solid dispersions with PEG 6000 are shown good ECB release. Conclusion: Among PEG carriers, PEG - 6000 was found to be the best carrier for increasing the solubility and release rate of ECB form the solid dispersions compared to PEG - 3350, PEG - 4000, PEG - 8000, and PEG - 20000

Automated Home Appliances Control using Embedded Web Server

In modern construction in industrialized nations, most homes have been wired for TV, lights and fans etc...  Many household tasks were automated by the development of specialized automated appliances. In this project we are going to create the embedded web server so that we can control the electrical devices through online by using either computer or by using smart phone. The purpose of this project is to design a control system that able to control a system device remotely from distance and monitoring condition of the system in real-time as well. This project shows how to set up an Arduino with Ethernet shield as a web server. The web servers in this Project are used to serve up web pages that can be accessed from a web browser and allows our hardware to be controlled from web browser. Starting from basic, our example for this project is simple. We want to access our device by switching ON-OFF LED and monitor analog input data acquisition from web server, which are the computer and Arduino connected to the same network

Automated Home Appliances Control Using Embedded Web Server

In modern construction in industrialized nations, most homes have been wired for TV, lights and fans etc... Many household tasks were automated by the development of specialized automated appliances. In this project we are going to create the embedded web server so that we can control the electrical devices through online by using either computer or by using smart phone. The purpose of this project is to design a control system that able to control a system device remotely from distance and monitoring condition of the system in real-time as well. This project shows how to set up an Arduino with Ethernet shield as a web server. The web servers in this Project are used to serve up web pages that can be accessed from a web browser and allows our hardware to be controlled from web browser. Starting from basic, our example for this project is simple. We want to access our device by switching ON-OFF LED and monitor analog input data acquisition from web server, which are the computer and Arduino connected to the same network

EVALUATION OF THERMAL SRESSES IN CONTINOUOS CONCRETE BRIDGES

This search is mainly concerned with making a comparison between three methods for analyzing continuous concrete bridges, Priestly, Abdul-Ahad and finite elements. Three standard Design temperature distribution, New Zealand, AASHTO and British (5400) were used to analyze the concrete bridges in Baghdad. The analysis of two continues precast prestressed concrete bridges in Baghdad are presented. Another comparison as made between the thermal stresses and the stress associated with dead and live loads. Analytical results indicated that stresses and curvature values are very sensitive to the type of temperature distribution assumed. The suggested analytical models for the bridge can be used to be predict thermal movement and stresses due to any shape of temperature distribution

Logical equivalence of optical symbolic substitution and shadow-casting schemes

The logical equivalence between two powerful optical computing techniques, namely, optical symbolic substitution and optical shadow-casting is investigated. A common basis for both schemes is developed and their roots are traced back to fundamental principles of logic design. Both shadow-casting and symbolic substitution based optical computing operations are shown to be equivalent to logical sum of product operations.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/29952/1/0000312.pd

Removal of Water Turbidity by Different Coagulants

During the last decade, there has been a concern about the relation between aluminum residuals in treated water and Alzheimer disease, and more interest has been considered on the development of natural coagulants. The present study aimed to investigate the efficiency of alum as a primary coagulant in conjunction with mallow, Arabic gum and okra as coagulant aids for the treatment of water samples containing synthetic turbidity of kaolin. Jar test experiments were carried out for initial raw water turbidities 100, 200 and 500 (NTU). The optimum doses of alum, mallow, Arabic gum and okra were 20, 2, 1 and 1 mg/L for100 NTU turbidity level, 35, 4, 2 and 3 mg/L , for 200NTU turbidity level and 50, 8, 10 and 8 mg/L for 500 NTU turbidity level, respectively. The optimum pH was 7 for alum, and 7.5 for mallow, Arabic gum and okra. The residual turbidity was 3.34 to 6.81 NTU by using alum as a primary coagulant with mallow, Arabic gum and okra, and pH values of the treated water by the natural coagulants were 6.1 to 7.01. The optimum dose of the natural coagulants in the present study has higher efficiency in removing high turbidity in comparison with low turbidity. Natural coagulant showed many advantages in coagulation/flocculation process. By using natural coagulants, considerable decreasing in Al2(SO4)3 consumption, and Increasing in the rate of sedimentation can be achieved

Spin-state driven ferromagnetic and spin glass states in layered LaSrCoO4_4

Famous for its spin-state puzzle, LaSrCoO$_4$ (Co$^{3+}$) is an intermediate between antiferromagnetic (AFM) La$_2$CoO$_4$ (Co$^{2+}$) and ferromagnetic (FM) Sr$_2$CoO$_4$ (Co$^{4+}$). The appearance of the Co$^{3+}$ valence state (not present in the end compounds) is intriguing because of the spin-state transitions associated with it. In this work, we report two magnetic transitions in LaSrCoO$_4$: (i) a transition at T $=$ T$_c$ $\simeq$ 225 K, from the paramagnetic state to a state with an inhomogeneous long-range ferromagnetic (FM) order wherein finite FM clusters coexist with infinite FM matrix in the percolation sense, and (ii) the transition to the cluster spin glass (CSG) state at T $=$ T$_g$ $\simeq$ 8 K. Finite FM clusters (which at low temperatures give rise to the cluster spin glass state) and infinite FM matrix are formed due to the spin-spin interactions brought about by the inhomogeneously distributed Co$^{3+}$ high spin (HS) and Co$^{3+}$ low spin (LS) ions. A firm support to the presence of an unconventional (inhomogeneous) ferromagnetic order comes from the anomalous values of the critical exponents $\beta$, $\gamma$ and $\delta$ for the spontaneous magnetization, `zero-field' magnetic susceptibility and the critical M - H isotherm, while the coexistence of HS Co$^{3+}$ and LS Co$^{3+}$ ions is confirmed by the results of the extended X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy.Comment: 18 pages, 6 figure

Avian Influenza Outbreaks in Chickens, Bangladesh

To determine the epidemiology of outbreaks of avian influenza A virus (subtypes H5N1, H9N2) in chickens in Bangladesh, we conducted surveys and examined virus isolates. The outbreak began in backyard chickens. Probable sources of infection included egg trays and vehicles from local live bird markets and larger live bird markets