Multiple perspectives and hierarchical decision modelling applied to emerging technology used in the artisanal mining and small scale processing of sandstones in QwaQwa

Abstract: The objective of this research was to develop a decision model enabling a comprehensive, multi-perspective assessment of artisanal sandstone mining using a solar-energy-activated microwave. The multiple perspectives used included social, technological, economical, environmental, and political dimensions. The influence of the latter was judged against the mining operations and processes as well as the responses from the QwaQwa community. Each perspective consisted of multiple factors used to make a credible decision...D.Phil. (Engineering Management

The impact of technology on small, micro and medium scale enterprises in Gauteng South Africa

Small, Micro and Medium Enterprises play a key role in South Africa’s economy especially in relation to Gross Domestic Product, unemployment as well as poverty eradication. In order to be able to compete globally and to effectively improve their productivity the SMMEs needs to utilize both existing and new technology in their Operations. This study investigates the impact of technological factors affecting productivity in SMMEs. The data used was collected by administering questionnaires to businesses within Gauteng Province selected through probability random sampling method. The data analysis was mainly through descriptive statistics where the results indicated that technological factors have significant impact on SMMEs especially during their early stages of establishment. Recommendation on better usage of Technology to improve productivity in Small, Micro and Medium Enterprises were suggested

Financial challenges faced by SMMEs in Gauteng South Africa

Small, medium and micro enterprises (SMMEs) are not spared from the global economic and financial turmoil which periodically occurs worldwide and therefore they must adjust their financial needs to accommodate such dynamic phenomena. This is particularly relevant in developing countries such as South Africa. It is important to note that SMMEs are major contributors to the economy, as they provide employment opportunities and create economic wealth resulting in the reduction in poverty and increased employment. In order to succeed and prosper, SMMEs need to establish a sound financial management function, and therefore it is vital to investigate the financial challenges these firms are experiencing. This paper reveals a better and deeper understanding of the issues surrounding the financial difficulties encountered by SMMEs in the Gauteng Metropolitan area. The data used in the study was gathered by administering structured questionnaires to businesses within Gauteng, selected randomly through a probability sampling method. The analysis of the results was based on descriptive statistics arrived at through SPSS tools. The results indicated that most SMMEs in the Gauteng Metropolitan are not supported adequately especially in the areas of financial management skills and expertise. Recommendations were made for firm owners to have workshops and proper training on the financial matters. A one stop shop centre for SMMEs to have access to financial information and support as well as remedial action on policy matters was also recommended

Opportunities and challenges of embracing smart factory in South Africa

Abstract: The fourth industrial revolution combines cyberphysical systems with manufacturing processes, enabling industries to automate and maintain their production in real time. Smart technologies open new global markets and increase global economy, however there are some challenges associated with the implementation such as lack of skilled manpower, social inequality, potential disruption in labor market, cyber-risks, etc. This paper investigates the opportunities and challenges associated with the adoption and implementation of smart factory in South Africa using extensive review of available literatures, which is triangulated using a single case study. It was observed that the current adoption of smart technologies is low. South African manufacturing industry and existing workforce will require upgrades to match skills required for smart factory. Smart factory may displace specific labor force with automation, however it will also create new types of jobs. Some industries are already using flexible production and producing customerspecific goods, which indicates that these industries will easily transform to mass customization. Cyber-risks and privacy issues of digital revolution provides a platform for existing ICT professionals to engage in R&D, as well as create new jobs related to development of security systems and software. Industries and people are showing certain level of acceptance, however they are yet to fully engage in smart factory

Analysis of facilities history: a tool for effective facilities management

The analysis of the information available in the operational history of each facility in the portfolio of facilities managers provides useful information on the quality and functional state of the facilities; contributes to the education of the end-users, assists in the development of objective forward planning and realistic budget allocated to definite line items to guide senior management for objective decision making. Such analysis identifies what is required to ensure that the facility is available to meet the needs of the customer and highlights the potential risks of sudden breakdown resulting from the neglect of deferred maintenance. Furthermore, detailed facility analysis provides guidance for the management of renovation, modification, change of use, and conservation of heritage facility. The principle of document analysis was adopted in reviewing the periodic operational report of the facilities Management unit of two Higher Education institutions in South Africa. The findings revealed that though the unit produces regular monthly and annual reports, no analysis of the report is available. Therefore, the programmed renovation exercises are based largely on visual assessments and use of good professional judgement. Recommendations were made on how to conduct asset analysis and use it as tool for developing operational budget, renovation and rehabilitation plans

The impact of research and innovation on SMMEs in Gauteng Province South Africa

Small, Micro and Medium Enterprises (SMMEs) have always played a key role in the economies of major industrial societies in both Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and employment levels. Their survival and growth depended mainly on extensive research and innovation. As we enter the 22nd century, globalisation has become an influential force in world trade. It is important to view SMMEs as instruments capable of responding to globalization. While it is true that globalization creates opportunities for SMMEs to be effectively involved in global markets, it also poses numerous challenges and problems. While their flexibility and adaptability promise their success in global trade, SMMEs can only achieve this through effective research and innovation, hence making them competitive in terms of price, quality of goods and their ability to meet delivery requirements. Research and innovation is particularly important especially in the developing countries such as South Africa where SMMEs are important contributors to the economy. They provide employment opportunities and create economic wealth resulting in poverty reduction and increased employment. In order to succeed and prosper, SMMEs need to establish continuous research and innovation strategies in-order to allow them to evolve and adapt to the global stature. This paper therefore seeks to reveal a deeper understanding of the strategies being used to encourage SMMEs in the Gauteng Metropolitan area to invest in research and innovation. The study therefore aims to improve the level of research and innovation in Small, Micro and Medium enterprises in Gauteng province. The data used in the study was gathered by administering structured questionnaires to businesses within the Gauteng Metropolitan, selected randomly through probability sampling method. The analysis of the results was based on descriptive statistics arrived at through SPSS tools. The results indicated that most SMMEs in the Gauteng Metropolitan are not adequately involved in research and innovative activities due to various reasons including lack of skills and expertise. Recommendations were made for Business owners to have workshops and to share innovative ideas. A one stop shop centre for SMMEs to have access to new ideas and to learn more about the current trends in research and innovation was suggested. Finally policy matters were also considered and suggestions made to policy makers

Circular economy ownership models : a view from South Africa industry

Abstract: The world is neither globally successful in remanufacturing and re-use of products nor recycling of waste materials. This requires a combination of circular economy management systems, business models and novel technologies. There are contrasting views in literature regarding models for a circular economy. The main views are built on extended producer responsibility and on the role of end users. This paper is based on a study of the South African industry’s view of circular economy models, drivers and sustainers, with particular focus on composite waste. Cost reduction was found to be the strongest driver and sustainer for recycling of composites. Thus, maximizing opportunities to reduce cost is a key factor in encouraging South African companies to embrace the circular economy. This is important in developing appropriate national models for managing the transition to a circular economy

Strategy and technology models in small scale mining of sandstone to facilitate community based economic development and growth

Abstract: Artisanal small scale mining (ASM) activities are a global phenomenon, carried out mainly by individuals or groups within communities. Artisanal and small scale operators mine a range of minerals, dimension stones and metals available at their disposal. While artisanal operations are often looked at as illegal activities, small scale operators directly depend on these mining activities for survival, with some forming cooperatives within their respective markets. Most ASM activities are labor intensive and lack modernized technologies to optimize mining productivity. Sandstone operators in QwaQwa South Africa often have to work long hours to collect as much raw material as possible. This paper discusses strategical technologies which can be applied in small scale mining to aid community development and growth. Literature shows that small scale mining of sandstone in the Free-State province (South Africa) can provide a sustainable livelihood for communities where ASM activities are undertaken. Although some government assistance has been provided, it is has not reached the majority of the operators, and most of these mine operators still lack technological interventions, basic business and numerical competence. This paper will further present basic business models which can be adopted by small scale miners and thus advance the urgent need for rural economic development and growth