The Impact of Government Policies on Philippine Sugar

This paper examines the impact of trade policies, such as export taxes, marketing controls, low interest rate on production and equipment loans and special minimum wages, on sugar production and trade. It also investigates the effect of government polices on domestic prices and therefore the distribution of income from sugar production and processing.economic reform, sugar products

Quality-equivalent and cost adjusted measurement of international competitiveness in Japanese rice markets:

In this research, the quality of foreign japonica rices was evaluated in terms of prices relative to Japanese domestic retail prices. Then, retail prices, consumer benefit, and competitiveness among the foreign rices in the Japanese market were estimated assuming those rices were imported at prices based on their production and transportation costs. According to the results, rices produced in China are quite superior to rices grown in the United States. Further, a 700 percent of tariff, which was discussed in the GATT negotiation and assumed to be imposed on rices imported to Japan, appears to be too low for Chinese rices and too high for American rices.Rice Prices Japan., Tariff on farm produce Japan.,

The Impact of Government Policies on Philippine Sugar

This paper examines the impact of trade policies, such as export taxes, marketing controls, low interest rate on production and equipment loans and special minimum wages, on sugar production and trade. It also investigates the effect of government polices on domestic prices and therefore the distribution of income from sugar production and processing.economic reform, sugar products

Why projections on China's future food supply and demand differ

This article analyses the macroeconomic assumptions, demand and supply parameters, and structures of the models used in projecting China's future food supply, demand and trade. Projections vary greatly, from China being self- sufficient in grain to being a net importer of 369 million metric tons of grain in 2030. The differences stem mainly from the approaches chosen to model China's grain production and, in particular, the combined effects of land decline and yield growth. The article also points out improvements needed in future work on modelling China's grain economy, which include accounting for the links between agriculture and other sectors, technical change in the livestock industry and infra- structure constraints on grain imports

WHY DO PROJECTIONS ON CHINA'S FUTURE FOOD SUPPLY AND DEMAND DIFFER?

This paper analyzes the macroeconomic assumptions, demand and supply parameters, and structures of the models used in projecting China’s future food supply, demand, and trade. Projections from these models vary greatly, from China being almost self-sufficient in grain to becoming a net importer of 369 million metric tons of grain in 2030. The differences arrive mainly in the supply projections (the combined effect of land decline and yield growth). The paper also suggests methodology improvements needed in making future projections of China’s grain economy, such as endogenizing government policies, and taking into account the linkage between the agricultural with the non-agricultural sectors, technical change in livestock industry, and infrastructure constraints on grain imports

International trade in a differentiated good: Trade elasticities in the world rice market

In many previous rice trade models, the commodity has been regarded as a homogeneous product. However, homogeneity is not an appropriate assumption, given the various types of rice that are traded and consumed. Parameters estimated from these models, therefore, do not reflect the real world market for rice and, hence, may mislead decision makers who use the results for policy evaluation purposes. This study uses an Armington approach to model the world rice trade as a differential good market and to derive trade elasticity parameters