Gene-level association analysis of genes identified in the SNP-level analysis

<p>Gene-level association analysis of genes identified in the SNP-level analysis</p

Forest Plots of odd-ratios (log) in the different populations.

<p>The results show that the associations were largely homogeneous across populations (See also heterogeneity column in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0172995#pone.0172995.t002" target="_blank">Table 2</a>)</p

Variants associated with DCM.

<p>Variants associated with DCM.</p

DCM gene set association analysis

<p>DCM gene set association analysis</p

BAG3 interacts with HspB7.

<p>(A) GST Pull-Down showing interaction of GFP-BAG3 expressed in HEK293 cells and recombinant GST-HSPB7. GFP-BAG3 was expressed in HEK293 cells (cell extract panel) and and GST-HSPB7 was produced in a bacterial expression system. GST-HSPB7 co-sediment with GFP-BAG3 but not with GFP alone indicating specific BAG3/GST-HSPB7 interaction (Pull-Down panel). (B) Co-immunoprecipitation experiment showing interaction of Flag-HSPB7 and GFP-BAG3 in HEK293 cells. GFP alone or GFP-BAG3 were co-expressed together with Flag-HSPB7 in HEK293 cells (cell extract panel) and subjected to immunoprecipitation with an antibody against GFP. Only GFP-BAG3 immunoprecipitated with FLAG-HSPB7 (IP:GFP panel). Western blottings in (A) and (B) used HSPB7 (for GST-HSPB7), GFP (for GFP and GFP-BAG3), and α-tubulin specific antibodies.</p

Manhattan Plot of association P-values.

<p>95,499 variants were investigated for association with DCM by logistic regression analysis. Associations are summarized in a Manhattan plot (R/qqman package) which displays the eleven SNVs significantly associated with DCM (Q-values < 0.01) as green dots. Note that the applied logistic model assumed an additive mode of inheritance. For variants on chromosome 15 in the <i>ALPK3</i> region, a dominant mode of inheritance was better supported by the data (see <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0172995#pone.0172995.t001" target="_blank">Table 1</a> for corresponding P-values)</p