Wpływ kinetyny i N-6-benzyloadeniny na migrację komórek oraz biosyntezę kolagenu w fibroblastach skóry ludzkiej

N-6-benzyladenine and kinetin belong to a group of plant hormones called cytokinins. Our previous work showed their positive influence on oxidative stress parameters tested in fibroblasts, thus we decided to examine their effect on cell migration and collagen synthesis. The activity of phytohormones was tested in a final concentration range of 10-5 to 10-6M for kinetin and 10-6 to 10-7M for N6-benzyladenine. The control cells were incubated without the test compound. Fibroblasts migration was assayed by using Wound Healing Assay. The concentration of proteins was determined spectrophotometrically as per Lowry et al (1951). Collagen content in cells and medium was determined spectrophotometrically by observation that Sirius red in saturated picric acid selectively binds to fibrillar collagens (types I to V). The results show stimulatory effect of tested compounds on cells migration and collagen biosynthesis, as well as total protein content. Kinetin and N-6-benzyladnine effectiveness demonstrated in this study in relation to the skin cells may indicate their potential therapeutic relevance, especially regarding skin diseases.Kinetyna i N-6-benzyloadenina należą do grupy hormonów roślinnych – cytokinin. W poprzednich pracach wykazaliśmy ich pozytywny wpływ na podstawowe parametry stresuoksydacyjnego, dlatego podjęliśmy próbę zbadania efektu, jaki wywierają one na migracjękomórek i syntezę kolagenu. Działanie fitohormonów było badane w dwóch stężeniach: kinetyny – w stężeniach 10-5 i 10-6, a N-6-benzyloadeniny w stężeniach 10-6 i 10-7M. Komórkistanowiące kontrolę były inkubowane bez badanych związków. Migracja komórek została oszacowana przy wykorzystaniu testu Wound Healing Assay. Stężenie białka całkowitego oznaczono przy pomocy metody Lowry’ego, a zawartość kolagenu w medium i komórkach, stosując metodę Sirius Red. Wyniki wskazują na stymulujący wpływ badanych związków na migrację komórek oraz na biosyntezę kolagenu, jak również na całkowitą zawartość białka. Wykazany przez nas pozytywny wpływ kinetyny i N-6-benzyloadeniny na metabolizm fibroblastów pozwala na wskazanie ich jako związków o właściwościach potencjalnieterapeutycznych, zwłaszcza w kontekście chorób skóry

THE INFLUENCE OF FERTILIZATION WITH SEWAGE SLUDGE AND BIOSOLIDS ON HEAVY METAL CONTENT IN WHITE MUSTARD SEEDS

The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of fertilization with sewage sludge and biosolids on heavy metal content in white mustard (Sinapis alba) seeds. The study was conducted in 2012 on experimental plots in the State Higher Vocational School in Suwałki. Each research area was divided into 3 blocks 18 m2 each, constituting repetitions. The test areas were fertilized with three different fertilization variants with sewage sludge biosolids: K1-sewage sludge, K2-sludge subjected to a process of composting with a three-month compost organic waste and K3-sludge subjected to the composting process with a three-month compost organic waste from the biological preparation Trigger-4. The samples of sewage sludge were collected for the analysis and one determined its basic physical, chemical, microbiological and parasitological properties, in accordance with the requirements of the Decree of the Minister of the Environment of July 13th 2010 on municipal sewage sludge (Journal of Laws of 2010 No 137 item. 924). Based on these results, it was found that the cadmium concentrations in the seeds mustard ranged from 0.2 mg/kg s.m. on plots with the variant K3 to 0.93 mg/kg s.m. in the variant K1. On the other hand, lead content ranged from 0.3 to 4.25 mg/kg s.m. which shows that none of the analyzed samples met the standards for lead and cadmium contained in the Decree of the Minister of Health of January 13th 2003. The statistical analysis indicated that the concentrations of Cd in mustard seed was significantly correlated with the concentrations of Ni and Zn (respectively, r=-0.89 and r=-0.54). There were significant positive correlations between soil pH and metal concentrations in the seeds of mustard. The pH was significantly correlated with Ni (r = 0.60) and Zn (r = 0.55) at a p≤ 0.05

Newly Synthesized Doxorubicin Complexes with Selected Metals—Synthesis, Structure and Anti-Breast Cancer Activity

Doxorubicin (DOX) is very effective chemotherapeutic agent, however it has several major drawbacks. Therefore the motivation for developing novel drug complexes as anticancer agents with different mechanism of action has arisen. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of newly synthesized DOX complexes with selected metals (Mg, Mn, Co, Ni, Fe, Cu, Zn) on apoptosis, cell cycle, viability, proliferation and cytotoxicity in the breast cancer cell line MCF-7. Complexation of DOX with metals has likewise been the subject of our research. The current work showed that the tested bivalent metals at a given pH condition formed metal:DOX complexes in a ratio of 2:1, while iron complexes with DOX in a ratio of 3:1. The studies also showed that selected metal-DOX complexes (Mg-DOX, Mn-DOX, Ni-DOX) at 0.5 µM concentration significantly decreased cell viability and proliferation, however they increased caspase 7 activity. Results also indicated that studied metal-DOX complexes showed high cytotoxicity in MCF-7 cells. Therefore they were chosen for cell cycle check-points and apoptosis/necrosis analysis studied by flow cytometry. Obtained results suggest that doxorubicin complexed by specified metals can be considered as a potential anti-breast cancer agent, which is characterized by a higher efficacy than a parent drug

Toxicological Effects of Traumatic Acid and Selected Herbicides on Human Breast Cancer Cells: In Vitro Cytotoxicity Assessment of Analyzed Compounds

The main consequence of herbicides use is the presence of their residues in food of plant origin. A growing body of evidence indicates that herbicides cause detrimental effects upon human health while demonstrating a direct link of pesticides exposure with the occurrence of human chronic diseases, including cancer. There is a pressing need to develop our knowledge regarding interactions of food contaminants and food components both in vitro and in vivo. Pesticides are highly undesirable food contaminants, and traumatic acid (TA) is a very beneficial food ingredient, therefore we decided to study if TA may act as a compound that delays the stimulatory effect of pesticides on breast cancer cells. To analyze the potential effects that selected herbicides (MCPA, mesotrione, bifenox and dichlobenil) may have upon cancerous cells, we conducted studies of the cytotoxicity of physiological concentrations of four pesticides and the mix of TA with tested herbicides in three different breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7, ZR-75-1 and MDA-MB-231) and one normal healthy breast cell line MCF-12A. Based on the obtained results we conclude that TA in a concentration-dependent manner might influence selected effects of the studied herbicides for particular cancer cells lines

Possible Mechanisms of the Prevention of Doxorubicin Toxicity by Cichoric Acid—Antioxidant Nutrient

Skin is the largest organ in the human body, and which protects organism against unfavorable external factors e.g., chemicals, environment pollutants, allergens, microorganisms, and it plays a crucial role in maintaining general homeostasis. It is also an important target of oxidative stress due to the activity of oxygen reactive species (ROS), which are constantly generated in the fibroblasts in response to exogenous or endogenous prooxidant agents. An example of such compound with proved prooxidant activity is Doxorubicin (DOX), which is an effective anticancer agent belongs in anthracycline antibiotic group. Increasingly frequent implementation of various strategies to reduce undesirable DOX side effects was observed. Very promising results come from the combination of DOX with dietary antioxidants from the polyphenol group of compounds, such as cichoric acid (CA) in order to lower oxidative stress level. The aim of this work was to evaluate the influence of CA combined with DOX on the oxidative stress parameters in fibroblasts, which constitute the main cells in human skin. We also wanted to examine anti-apoptotic activity of CA in fibroblasts treated with selected concentrations of DOX. Results obtained from the combination of DOX with CA revealed that CA exhibits cytoprotective activity against DOX-induced damage by lowering oxidative stress level and by inhibiting apoptosis. The present finding may indicate that CA may serve as antioxidative and anti-apoptotic agent, active against DOX-induced damage

Human Cell Culture, a Pertinent In Vitro Model to Evaluate the Toxicity of Landfill Leachate/Sewage Sludge. A Review

Both landfill leachate and sewage sludge are complex mixtures of many potentially toxic substances in unknown and unpredictable amounts and concentrations. Both types of matrices can pose a risk to human health and the functioning of ecosystems if released into the environment. Therefore, constant monitoring of the toxicity of these mixtures is necessary. However, traditional methods of analysis of sewage sludge/landfill leachate are mainly based on physicochemical studies that do not fully reflect the effects of these mixtures on living organisms. For this purpose, research based on biological models, including mammalian, mainly human, cells is recommended and increasingly implemented. A variety of cytotoxicity tests, based on various metabolic transformations in living cells, are a very useful tool in landfill leachate/sewage sludge toxicology studies. This paper reviews the methods used in the study of the cytotoxicity of environmental matrices and the cell lines used in these studies as biological models

The Preliminary Study on the Proapoptotic Effect of Reduced Graphene Oxide in Breast Cancer Cell Lines

Breast cancer is the most common cancer diagnosed in women, however traditional therapies have several side effects. This has led to an urgent need to explore novel drug approaches to treatment strategies such as graphene-based nanomaterials such as reduced graphene oxide (rGO). It was noticed as a potential drug due to its target selectivity, easy functionalisation, chemisensitisation, and high drug-loading capacity. rGO is widely used in many fields, including biological and biomedical, due to its unique physicochemical properties. However, the possible mechanisms of rGO toxicity remain unclear. In this paper, we present findings on the cytotoxic and antiproliferative effects of rGO and its ability to induce oxidative stress and apoptosis of breast cancer cell lines. We indicate that rGO induced time- and dose-dependent cytotoxicity in MDA-MB-231 and ZR-75-1 cell lines, but not in T-47D, MCF-7, Hs 578T cell lines. In rGO-treated MDA-MB-231 and ZR-75-1 cell lines, we noticed increased induction of apoptosis and necrosis. In addition, rGO has been found to cause oxidative stress, reduce proliferation, and induce structural changes in breast cancer cells. Taken together, these studies provide new insight into the mechanism of oxidative stress and apoptosis in breast cancer cells