Essais de conservation des viandes sechees « kilichi » commercialisees au tchad : etudes de la stabilite microbiologique

This study is a synthesis of the results of conservation at different temperatures samples of beef processed and dried called « Kilichi » Conservation is conducted following four conditions. This is theambient temperature at 26°C, in the incubator at 30°C, alternating between 12°C and 24°C for 12 hours in the refrigerator at 4±1°C. The hygienic and organoleptic qualities are evaluated at each stage ofpreservation and analysis. The results before and during the testing of conservation for about three months revealed that the flora mesophilic which varies depending on the conditions of conservation complies with the criteria of the French Association for Standardization used. The highest count of this  flora gave 8.102 CFU/g Flora mesophilic against 270 CFU/g « Kilichi » "analyzed" before the tests conservation. The total coliform, thermotolerant coliforms, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus are absent during all stages of the study. By contrast, the growth of isolated moulds (Aspergillus flavus,Penicillum citrinum and Rhizopus sp.) Arose from a growing and irregular. Also, note there, the disappearance at certain stages of certain fungal strains during storage, including P. Citrinum andRhizopus sp. The organoleptic analysis for the conservation revealed no significant difference compared with samples. However, the wetting properties of the samples in the refrigerator and / or alternatingtemperature (12°C and 24°C) does not achieve conservation « Kilichi » for several weeks under these conditions. But at a temperature of 26 to 30° C it is possible provided that the original flora is low. The potential danger recorded before and during the conservation is linked to the presence and development of toxigenic fungi counted

Analysis of aflatoxins in the "Kilichi" and their ingredients marketed in Tchad

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Usages therapeutiques traditionnels de Flacourtia indica (Burm f.) Merr (flacourtiaceae) et de Rytigynia canthioides (Benth.) Robyns (rubiaceae), deux especes de la flore beninoise

La République du Bénin regorge d’une flore riche et diversifiée utilisée dans les traitements traditionnels de plusieurs affections et en particulier ceux du paludisme et des maladies d’origine microbienne. Dans le but de vérifier les propriétés endogènes attribuées à certaines de ces plantes les plus utilisées, des investigations de 1998 à 2009 ont permis d’enregistrer d’abord 19 espèces, puis 52 espèces et 175 espèces. Les feuilles et racines du pied de Flacourtia flavescens Willd. (synonyme : Flacourtia indica (Burm f.) Merr.), portant les fleurs mâles et celles du pied portant les fleurs femelles et les feuilles de Rytigynia canthioides (Benth.) Robyns constituent les plus citées. Ces 2 espèces ont fait l’objet d’une enquête plus approfondie sur tout le territoire béninois. Au terme de cette recherche, il ressort que ces 2 espèces végétales sont utilisées non seulement pour traiter le paludisme et les fièvres mais ont d’autres vertus thérapeutiques. Certains les utilisent même dans le cadre de complément alimentaire. Aussi, les feuilles de F. indica sont-elles servies au bétail pour les engraisser.Mots clés : Investigations, plantes médicinales, complément alimentaire.Benin has a rich and diversified collection of flora utilised in treatment of malaria and diseases microbial origins. This work permit to check the endogenous properties attributed at certain these plants, 1998 to 2009 these investigations are permitted to register 19 species, 52 and 175 medicinal plants. The leaves and root of the foot of Flacourtia flavescens Willd. (Flacourtia indica (Burm f.) Merr.) carrying the male flowers and those of the foot carrying the female flowers and leaves of Rytigynia canthioides (Benth.) Robyns constitute any cite. These plants were the subject of a more detailed investigation on all the territory of Benin. At the end of research, we unregistered that these 2 vegetable species are used not only to threat the malaria and various fevers, but they still have many of other therapeutic virtues. Some use them like a complement food. The leaves of Flacourtia flavescens are given to the cattle to fatten those cattle.Keys words: Investigations, medicinal plants, food complement