Adolescent Violence through Technology in India

Introduction: The shift from the physical to virtual communication has been emerged as a vital platform to interact through technology. Apart from the positive influences, it is also affecting the adolescents in negative manner which leads to various health hazards. All governments are committed to the ambitious sustainable development agenda and its goals, in particular SDG target 16.2 to end abuse, exploitation, trafficking and all forms of violence against and torture of children. Despite the alarming situation and commitment, there is apathy towards coining the specific laws against cybercrime amongst adolescents.Methodology: A questionnaire based cross-sectional survey method was used for data collection from the adolescents who are using mobile phones since last one year and presented in outdoor pediatric department. The study was also conducted in two schools from urban and rural locations at Lucknow district during study period.Results: In the studied population of 900 students, the maximum students 606(67.3%) were from 16-18 years of age and simple mobile users were more 505(56.1%) in number when compared. the prevalence of bullied students were females 269(29.8%) and males 381(42.3%). Maximum bullied students were of age 16-18 years. As per the mode of assault sending inappropriate SMS 378 (58.1%) on mobile was outrageous than any other method. The assault was shared mainly with friends.Conclusion: Our results reflect that the prevalence of violence amongst adolescents have reached up to a point of saturation where it is mandatory to correct their attitude to avoid any unwanted happening. Apart from the surveillance of the mobile use this is our prime duty to monitor the activities of teens on internet and develop safe cyber space

Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP): A Case Report

Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is an anomalous decrease in the number of platelets with obscure etiologic causes. Clinical signs primarily include muco-cutaneous i.e. Petechia, purpura, ecchymosis. The most important aspects of management in this disease, is to anticipate, and control bleeding hence preventing any life threatening consequences. Transfusion of platelets, steroid therapy, Anti-D immunoglobulin are the main stay of treatment. Thrombopoietin receptor agonists and splenectomy may be necessary in some severe cases. We report a case of a young girl with ITP, identified at our unit. She was admitted to the hospital for observation and was successfully treated with steroids therapy

Utilization of Reproductive and Child Health Services and Client Satisfaction from Urban Primary Health Centers by Recently Delivered Women Living in Urban Slums of Lucknow, India

Background: Due to rapid urbanization, there is an increase in population in slums often lacking access to basic health services. Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the utilization of reproductive and child health services by recently delivered women and their children residing in catchment areas of urban PHCs, to evaluate their level of satisfaction and to determine the factors associated with utilization of these services by recently delivered women. Settings and Design: The study was conducted in the catchment areas of urban primary health centre of Lucknow. Methods and Material: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 320 women having children less than 24 months in the slums covered under selected U-PHCs, sampled through a multi-stage random sampling technique using a semi-structured questionnaire. Statistical analysis used: SPSS-26 and MedCalc software were used for data analysis. Results: Utilization of RCH services by recently delivered women from UPHC was 39%. About 24% of recently delivered women availed ANC services from UPHC and 56.7% utilized family planning services and 95.8% immunization services for children. Child care services for diarrhea and ARI were availed by 9.9 and 3.1% of women, respectively. Satisfaction regarding maternal care and immunization services was seen in 84 and 95.8% of women. Poor satisfaction regarding child care was seen in 56.5% of women. Conclusions: The utilization of RCH services was found to be poor in the study population. Most recently delivered women were satisfied with all services except child care

Effect of slip/no-slip on finite slider bearing using non-Newtonian micropolar fluid

In this paper, the modified Reynolds equation of finite slider bearing lubricated with micropolar fluid is numerically solved for the computational aspects of the bearings. The finite difference scheme has been employed to solve the governing equations. The effect of micropolar parameter and slip parameter is investigated on slider bearing. For investigating the effect of slip boundary on the pressure distribution in sliding surface is numerically presented in the Reynolds model. The two-dimensional modified Reynolds equation can predict the performance of lubrication process with boundary slip in sliding contact which can be seen by the obtained results. The pressure and load capacity are displayed graphically. The pressure and load carrying capacity is lesser for slip case as compared to no slip case

ABERRANT CELLULAR SIGNALING IN MULTIPLE ORGAN FAILURE: MECHANISM, CONSEQUENCES AND THERAPEUTIC APPLICATIONS

Objective: To review multiple organ dysfunction syndrome with respect to: 1) clinical and preclinical measurement systems; 2) Interventions/ Model system used 3) pathophysiology and 4) Various therapeutic implications. Methods: The Medline, Pubmed, Pubmed Central and Science Direct, conference proceedings, bibliographies of review articles were searched for relevant articles. Key index words were multiple organ failure, multiple system organ dysfunctions, sepsis, septic shock, shock, systemic inflammatory response syndrome. Outcomes prospectively defined were death and physiological reversal of end organ failure. Results: Multiple organ dysfunction/failure (MODS) is very colloquial cause for death in intensive care units. With early resuscitation, it was possible to save life otherwise it would have been hard to save one. It occurs due to the unconstrained systemic inflammation and varied etiologies. As of now, there is no therapy which can prevent or improve MODS with  dramatic favourable outcomes. Conclusion: Multiple organ dysfunctionmay serve as a useful way to check disease severity for improved quality of care and therapy. Shock patient streated by Anesthesiologists will take into consideration subsequent development of MODS in the critical care unit and may be required to provide anesthetic support to these patients. Keywords: Aberrant Cellular Signalling, Multiple Organ Failur

Measuring Quality: The Impact of Minimally Invasive Surgery and Operative Time on Surgical Site Infections

Objective: To evaluate the relationship between operative approach, operative time, and SSI rate.Methods: Inpatient database review identified patients undergoing 5 common procedures from 1/2010-12/2011. Patients were stratified into laparoscopic or open approaches. The main outcome measure was the relationship between operative time and SSI by approach.Results: 226,006 patients were evaluated- 28.2% open and 71.8% laparoscopic. Mean overall operative time was significantly shorter laparoscopically (p<0.001). Laparoscopy was associated with significantly lower costs and shorter length of stay (LOS) overall and for each procedure(p<0.0001). Multivariate analysis found SSI increased directly with operative time: for every 30-minute increase, SSI risk increased by 12%. Operative approach was an independent risk factor for SSI: open surgery increased SSI risk by 78%. A direct relationship between open procedures, operative time, and SSI risk was found.Conclusions: Laparoscopy has overall shorter operative time and improved outcomes in SSI rate, LOS, and total costs for common surgical procedures. As operative time and approach were independent risk factors for SSI, the use of laparoscopy and operative time are valuable quality measures

Probing the Surfaces of Interstellar Dust Grains: The Adsorption of CO at Bare Grain Surfaces

A solid-state feature was detected at around 2175 cm-1 towards 30 embedded young stellar objects in spectra obtained using the ESO VLT-ISAAC. We present results from laboratory studies of CO adsorbed at the surface of Zeolite wafers, where absorption bands were detected at 2177 and 2168 cm-1 (corresponding to CO chemisorbed at the Zeolite surface), and 2130 cm-1 (corresponding to CO physisorbed at the Zeolite surface), providing an excellent match to the observational data. We propose that the main carrier of the 2175-band is CO chemisorbed at bare surfaces of dust grains in the interstellar medium. This result provides the first direct evidence that gas-surface interactions do not have to result in the formation of ice mantles on interstellar dust. The strength of the 2175-band is estimated to be ~ 4 x 10-19 cm molecule-1. The abundance of CO adsorbed at bare grain surfaces ranges from 0.06 to 0.16 relative to H2O ice, which is, at most, half of the abundance (relative to H2O ice) of CO residing in H2O-dominated ice environments. These findings imply that interstellar grains have a large (catalytically-active) surface area, providing a refuge for interstellar species. Consequently the potential exists for heterogeneous chemistry to occur involving CO molecules in unique surface chemistry pathways not currently considered in gas-grain models of the interstellar medium.Comment: 19 pages inc. 3 figures 2 tables, accepted for publication in MNRA