Social Information Processing and Executive Functions in Male Children and Adolescents with Internet Gaming Disorder

In recent years, in addition to its clinical importance, interest in the social-cognitive aspect of internet gaming disorder (IGD) has increased. This study aimed to investigate autistic traits, executive functions, and self-regulation abilities of patients with IGD. Eighty-seven male patients with IGD and eighty-three male healthy controls (HC) were included in the study. All patients were diagnosed with IGD as per the diagnostic criteria of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5. Healthy controls without any comorbid psychiatric diagnosis were recruited from the community. The Brief Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF) and the Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS) were implemented to evaluate autistic traits, executive functions, and self-regulation skills. The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Screen for Child Anxiety and Related Disorders and Internet Gaming Disorder Scale-Short-Form were used to evaluate psychopathology. The effect size of the impairments in executive functions and self-regulation skills was large (Cohen's d = 1.0-2.0). IGD groups had higher levels of autistic traits compared to healthy controls (d = 1.0-1.4). The differences in BDI and BRIEF scores remained significant in logistic regression analysis. Age at illness-onset, total severity of anxiety, and autistic traits were found as significant correlates of deficits in executive functions among patients with IGD. The results of this study supported the higher autistic traits and poorer executive function skills of patients with IGD. Deficits in executive functions were associated with autistic traits and younger age-onset of the illness

Impaired theory of mind and emotion recognition in pediatric bipolar disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Background: Social cognition is impaired in patients with severe mental disorders. We aimed to investigate impairments in social cognition in youth with pediatric bipolar disorder (PBD) through a systematic review of the literature and the meta-analysis

Gómez-López-Hernández syndrome: An adult case diagnosed after psychiatric symptoms

Gómez-López-Hernández Syndrome or cerebellotrigeminal&nbsp;dysplasia&nbsp;is a rare condition characterized by the triad of&nbsp;rhombencephalosynapsis,&nbsp;alopecia, and trigeminal anesthesia. The genetic background of this syndrome which has many phenotypic features such as&nbsp;brachycephaly&nbsp;(a lower-than-normal ratio of the&nbsp;skull's&nbsp;length to its width),&nbsp;midface hypoplasia, low-set and posteriorly angulated ear structure,&nbsp;hypertelorism&nbsp;(increased distance between orbits), thin lips, and motor mental&nbsp;development retardation, is not known clearly yet. In reports most of the cases are in childhood, it has been observed that psychiatric disorders can often accompany this syndrome, moreover, may have an early onset. Magnetic resonance imaging was performed on a 58-year-old male&nbsp;patient&nbsp;with a diagnosis of schizoaffective disorder, treatment-resistant psychiatric symptoms and epilepsy. As a result, rhombencephalosynapsis was observed on magnetic resonance imaging. Rhombencephalosynapsis can be isolated or accompany many&nbsp;congenital anomalies&nbsp;or syndromes. The most common congenital syndrome associated with rhombencephalosynapsis is Gómez-López-Hernández Syndrome. Detailed physical examination which included mild brachycephaly, regional alopecia, absence of bilateral&nbsp;corneal reflex, sensory loss in the&nbsp;trigeminal nerve&nbsp;area, hearing loss, downslanted&nbsp;palpebral fissures, head shaking, ataxia and a significant history of psychiatric disorders suggested a diagnosis of Gómez-López-Hernández Syndrome. In this article, role of rhombencephalosynapsis and related syndrome is discussed in terms of severe psychopathology.Gómez-López-Hernández Syndrome or cerebellotrigeminal&nbsp;dysplasia&nbsp;is a rare condition characterized by the triad of&nbsp;rhombencephalosynapsis,&nbsp;alopecia, and trigeminal anesthesia. The genetic background of this syndrome which has many phenotypic features such as&nbsp;brachycephaly&nbsp;(a lower-than-normal ratio of the&nbsp;skull's&nbsp;length to its width),&nbsp;midface hypoplasia, low-set and posteriorly angulated ear structure,&nbsp;hypertelorism&nbsp;(increased distance between orbits), thin lips, and motor mental&nbsp;development retardation, is not known clearly yet. In reports most of the cases are in childhood, it has been observed that psychiatric disorders can often accompany this syndrome, moreover, may have an early onset. Magnetic resonance imaging was performed on a 58-year-old male&nbsp;patient&nbsp;with a diagnosis of schizoaffective disorder, treatment-resistant psychiatric symptoms and epilepsy. As a result, rhombencephalosynapsis was observed on magnetic resonance imaging. Rhombencephalosynapsis can be isolated or accompany many&nbsp;congenital anomalies&nbsp;or syndromes. The most common congenital syndrome associated with rhombencephalosynapsis is Gómez-López-Hernández Syndrome. Detailed physical examination which included mild brachycephaly, regional alopecia, absence of bilateral&nbsp;corneal reflex, sensory loss in the&nbsp;trigeminal nerve&nbsp;area, hearing loss, downslanted&nbsp;palpebral fissures, head shaking, ataxia and a significant history of psychiatric disorders suggested a diagnosis of Gómez-López-Hernández Syndrome. In this article, role of rhombencephalosynapsis and related syndrome is discussed in terms of severe psychopathology.</div

Psychomotor agitation and irritability in adolescents with manic episode: Clinical data from three inpatient units

Objectives We aimed to investigate the characteristics of adolescents with Bipolar disorder-I with irritability and agitation (Mania+IA) compared to those without irritability and agitation (Mania-IA) in a multi-center representative sample. Methods Data of 145 patients from three tertiary-care inpatient units between 2016 and 2021 were obtained. Psychomotor agitation was defined as a score of >= 3 on the YMRS "Increased Motor Activity--Energy" item, irritability as a score of >= 4 on the YMRS 'irritability' item, and severity anchors of speech and thought disturbance on the YMRS '6 and 7' items. Results Previous manic episodes (p = 0.013), involuntary hospitalization (p = 0.006), psychotic features (p = 0.001), formal thought disorder (p = 0.010) and aggressive/disruptive behavior (p = 0.021) were more frequent in the Mania+IA group. Conversely, depressive episodes (p = 0.006) and family history of depression (p = 0.024) were more frequent in the Mania-IA group. The Mania+IA had poorer functioning at the time of discharge. Conclusions Irritability and agitation were closely related to complications, psychotic symptoms and thought disorder. Assessment and monitoring of psychomotor agitation and irritability may help child and adolescent psychiatrists to predict clinical difficulties and appropriate interventions