Current perspectives on skeletal health and cancer progression across the disease continuum in breast cancer—The role of bisphosphonates

Pre-clinical and clinical evidence suggest that bisphosphonates inhibit both bone resorption and cancer progression. New and updated analyses from several large, controlled studies in pre- and post-menopausal women with early stage breast cancer (BC) suggest that addition of bisphosphonates improves cancer-related outcomes, particularly in patients with a ‘low-estrogen environment’. Further, preliminary clinical data suggest that bisphosphonate therapy may reduce circulating tumour cell numbers (a negative prognostic indicator of disease-free and overall survival) in patients with advanced/metastatic disease. These new findings warrant reconsideration of the therapeutic role of bisphosphonates in BC

Protection of bone in premenopausal women with breast cancer: focus on zoledronic acid

Rebecca AftDepartment of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USAAbstract: Maintaining bone health is important for patients with breast cancer (BC), the most commonly diagnosed cancer in American women. Indeed, bone loss is common throughout the BC disease continuum. In the metastatic BC setting, patients are likely to develop bone metastases, a painful complication that can lead to potentially debilitating skeletal-related events. Bone health is equally important for patients with early BC. During adjuvant therapy for early BC, the largest challenge to bone health is from accelerated bone mineral density (BMD) loss. Although decreased BMD is well recognized in older, postmenopausal women, it may be underestimated in younger, premenopausal women undergoing endocrine therapy for BC. The rate and extent of cancer therapy-induced bone loss (from chemotherapy or endocrine therapy) are substantially greater than normal decreases in BMD during menopause. Bisphosphonates such as zoledronic acid (ZOL) are antiresorptive agents indicated for the treatment of bone metastases from BC. Clinical trials over the past few years suggest that, although not yet approved for this indication, ZOL can prevent cancer therapy-induced bone loss and improve BMD in premenopausal women receiving adjuvant (endocrine or chemo-) therapy for BC. Furthermore, the benefits of ZOL therapy may go beyond maintaining bone health and include potential anticancer benefits together with favorable tolerability and cost/benefit profiles. This review will focus specifically on the role of ZOL in preserving the bone health of premenopausal women with BC.Keywords: breast cancer, premenopausal, zoledronic aci

Respect My Authority: Analyzing Claims of Diminished U.S. Supreme Court Influence Abroad

This paper critiques the argument that the U.S. Supreme Court is losing influence among national and constitutional courts worldwide as a result of its nonparticipation in the emerging judicial globalization. It does so, inter alia, by reviewing two examples of how U.S. authority is cited abroad, and concludes that arguments of diminished influence appear overstated, and that changes in U.S. judicial influence are not likely due to attitudes toward citation of foreign law

Effective elastic properties for lower limb soft tissues from manual indentation experiment

Rehabilitation Engineering CentreVersion of RecordPublishe

An ultrasound indentation system for biomechanical properties assessment of soft tissues in-vivo

Rehabilitation Engineering CentreVersion of RecordPublishe

Biomechanics of pressure ulcer in body tissues interacting with external forces during locomotion

2009-2010 > Academic research: refereed > Publication in refereed journalAuthor’s OriginalPublishe

An ultrasonic measurement for in vitro depth-dependent equilibrium strains of articular cartilage in compression

Author name used in this publication: Y. P. ZhengAuthor name used in this publication: A. F. T. MakJockey Club Rehabilitation Engineering Centre2002-2003 > Academic research: refereed > Publication in refereed journalAccepted ManuscriptPublishe