Eficácia e Segurança da Gastrectomia no Tratamento do Câncer de Estômago Uma Revisão Sistemática

This systematic study addresses the efficacy and safety of gastrectomy as a treatment for gastric cancer, considering the diversity of evidence available in the literature. The research involved an extensive search in databases such as PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Library, using terms related to gastrectomy and gastric cancer. Studies were selected that investigated the efficacy of gastrectomy at different stages of cancer and compared various surgical techniques. The methodological quality of the studies was assessed, and the data were synthesized qualitatively. The results highlight the controversy surrounding laparoscopic versus open gastrectomy, as well as the efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy at different stages of gastric cancer. Clinical implications and gaps in the literature are discussed in relation to clinical decision-making. It is concluded that this study provides valuable insights into the surgical treatment of gastric cancer and emphasizes the importance of an individualized approach. However, further research is needed to clarify outstanding issues and guide clinical practice.Este estudo sistemático aborda a eficácia e segurança da gastrectomia como tratamento para o câncer gástrico, considerando a diversidade de evidências disponíveis na literatura. A pesquisa envolveu uma busca extensiva em bases de dados como PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase e Cochrane Library, utilizando termos relacionados à gastrectomia e câncer gástrico. Foram selecionados estudos que investigaram a eficácia da gastrectomia em diferentes estágios do câncer e compararam diversas técnicas cirúrgicas. A qualidade metodológica dos estudos foi avaliada, e os dados foram sintetizados qualitativamente. Os resultados ressaltam a controvérsia em torno da gastrectomia laparoscópica versus aberta, assim como a eficácia da quimioterapia adjuvante em diferentes estágios do câncer gástrico. As implicações clínicas e lacunas na literatura são discutidas em relação à tomada de decisão clínica. Conclui-se que este estudo oferece insights valiosos sobre o tratamento cirúrgico do câncer gástrico e destaca a importância de uma abordagem individualizada. No entanto, são necessárias mais pesquisas para esclarecer questões pendentes e orientar a prática clínica

Brazilian Flora 2020: Leveraging the power of a collaborative scientific network

International audienceThe shortage of reliable primary taxonomic data limits the description of biological taxa and the understanding of biodiversity patterns and processes, complicating biogeographical, ecological, and evolutionary studies. This deficit creates a significant taxonomic impediment to biodiversity research and conservation planning. The taxonomic impediment and the biodiversity crisis are widely recognized, highlighting the urgent need for reliable taxonomic data. Over the past decade, numerous countries worldwide have devoted considerable effort to Target 1 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC), which called for the preparation of a working list of all known plant species by 2010 and an online world Flora by 2020. Brazil is a megadiverse country, home to more of the world's known plant species than any other country. Despite that, Flora Brasiliensis, concluded in 1906, was the last comprehensive treatment of the Brazilian flora. The lack of accurate estimates of the number of species of algae, fungi, and plants occurring in Brazil contributes to the prevailing taxonomic impediment and delays progress towards the GSPC targets. Over the past 12 years, a legion of taxonomists motivated to meet Target 1 of the GSPC, worked together to gather and integrate knowledge on the algal, plant, and fungal diversity of Brazil. Overall, a team of about 980 taxonomists joined efforts in a highly collaborative project that used cybertaxonomy to prepare an updated Flora of Brazil, showing the power of scientific collaboration to reach ambitious goals. This paper presents an overview of the Brazilian Flora 2020 and provides taxonomic and spatial updates on the algae, fungi, and plants found in one of the world's most biodiverse countries. We further identify collection gaps and summarize future goals that extend beyond 2020. Our results show that Brazil is home to 46,975 native species of algae, fungi, and plants, of which 19,669 are endemic to the country. The data compiled to date suggests that the Atlantic Rainforest might be the most diverse Brazilian domain for all plant groups except gymnosperms, which are most diverse in the Amazon. However, scientific knowledge of Brazilian diversity is still unequally distributed, with the Atlantic Rainforest and the Cerrado being the most intensively sampled and studied biomes in the country. In times of “scientific reductionism”, with botanical and mycological sciences suffering pervasive depreciation in recent decades, the first online Flora of Brazil 2020 significantly enhanced the quality and quantity of taxonomic data available for algae, fungi, and plants from Brazil. This project also made all the information freely available online, providing a firm foundation for future research and for the management, conservation, and sustainable use of the Brazilian funga and flora