ADAPTATION OF HYPERBOLOID STRUCTURE FOR HIGH-RISE BUILDINGS WITH EXOSKELETON

In this paper implementing a hyperboloid structure as the exoskeleton of a high-rise building is studied. A DiaGrid exoskeleton with straight lines from the ground to top is used to set up the structure of the building and determine its hyperboloid architectural form within a parametric environment. The resulting structure is later subjected to lateral loads and linear-static structural analysis. The results demonstrate that the lateral drift of the structure with hyperboloid shape will become as low as half of a cylindrical shaped building with similar architectural and functional properties and the same structural system under similar loading conditions. The results of the preliminary analysis of the structure in the parametric environment are further verified with a more sophisticated structural model under seismic loads with static equivalent seismic loads and response spectrum modal analysis

INVESTIGATING THE EFFECT OF ARCHITECTURAL FORM ON THE STRUCTURAL RESPONSE OF LATERAL LOADS ON DIAGRID STRUCTURES IN TALL BUILDINGS

The inconsistencies between structure and architectural form of buildings are a usual cause of construction problems and added extra costs to construction projects, and designers are often interested in understanding the effects of the architectural form of a building on its structural responses. In this research, by means of the parametric modeling strategy, the interrelationships between the architectural form and the structural response of approximate 60 story tall buildings with diagonal grid (DiaGrid) structures are investigated. Various geometries and dimensions of the lower and top floor plans and the method of form generation which determine the ascending development of the building from base to top resulted in 49 architectural schematic forms. The Diagonal Grid (DiaGrid) members of identical steel tubular section as the structure of the tall buildings are later mapped on the generated architectural forms. Lateral loads, representing the equivalent static actions, are then applied to the structure and a static linear analysis is made. Eventually,results illuminate the structural behavior of initial models mostly depend on the base floor plan rather than other parameters and the architectural models in which the base floor plan has more side count approximately has better structural efficiency. This research can help architects in form generation phase in order that tall building experience better response to lateral loads and economically feasible structure are attained

Advanced connection systems for architectural glazing

This book presents the findings of a detailed study to explore the behavior of architectural glazing systems during and after an earthquake and to develop design proposals that will mitigate or even eliminate the damage inflicted on these systems. The seismic behavior of common types of architectural glazing systems are investigated and causes of damage to each system, identified. Furthermore, depending on the geometrical and structural characteristics, the ultimate horizontal load capacity of glass curtain wall systems is defined based on the stability of the glass components. Detailed attention is devoted to the incorporation of advanced connection devices between the structure of the building and the building envelope system in order to minimize the damage to glazed components. An innovative new connection device is introduced that results in a delicate and functional system easily incorporated into different architectural glazing systems, including those demanding maximum transparency

Structural Efficiency of Tall Buildings: by Means of Parametric Design

Recently, cooperation between engineers and architects in the design process has faded, specifically in tall building design procedures. While “the architectural form” directly affects a building’s structural behavior, inadequate considerations of the “schematic design process” can reduce structural efficiency. This presentation is a part of an ongoing research program whose main purpose is to address structural behavior in the architectural form during the tall building design process. In this research, tall buildings schematic architectural forms were parametrically (in Grasshopper plaguine in Rhinoceros software) generated based on the base plan, top plan, and a vertical transformation method (tapered forms were focused in this research). A diagrid structure with a tubular cross-section mapped on architectural forms. Then seismic load applies to each form with a statically equivalent method. After all, the structure of all models analyzed in a parametric structure plaguine (Karamba) and a comparison is made between all models structural efficiency

The Effect of the Geometry of Diagrid High-Rise Buildings on their Performance against Lateral Forces of Earthquakes

It has always been crucial for architects to obtain an intuitive understanding of the structural performance of architectural forms. During the modern period, there has always been a close collaboration between architects and engineers in designing high-rise buildings. With the recent dwindling of this closeness, the structural efficiency of high-rise forms has been in decline. Bearing in mind structure represents one-third of the entire construction costs, structural considerations at the early stages of a project will result in significant savings. The present research is after finding the effects of form on structural performance in order to assist design teams at the conception stage. A variety of forms were initially generated in a parametric environment with floor plans, roofs, and vertical configuration as parameters. An external metal diagrid structure was then applied on the outer surface of models, and their performance against lateral forces of earthquakes was assessed using static methods. The results show that the least movement at the highest level occurs in hexagonal floor plans with triangular roofs (7% lower than average), with generative geometry playing a more significant role in movement compared with total weight. Among architectural forms with similar floor and roof plans, octagonal floor plans have the least movement (6% lower than the average), with octagonal and dodecagonal forms having the least total weight and movement. The latter can be considered as the best while triangular forms can be considered as the worst-performing structures