STUDY REGARDING THE BEHAVIOR OF SOME VARIETIES OF WHEAT, IN ECOPEDOLOGICAL CONDITIONS, FROM THE SOUTH-WEST AREA OF DOLJ COUNTY

The research aims at the comparative study of some varieties of autumn wheat in conventional cultivation system, in the conditions of the eutricpsamosol, from Poiana Mare, on an area of 300 ha cultivated with wheat, for a better knowledge of them, in order to the recommendation to cultivate in the area, the varieties that can express to the maximum, the productive and qualitative potential.For two years (2019 - 2020), within S.C. Primagrimar SRL Poiana Mare, Dolj were grown wheat varieties: MIRANDA, OTILIA - Romanian varieties and AVENUE, SORRIAL - French varieties. Regarding the obtained production, the Miranda variety registered the average value of 7800 kg / ha, and the Sorrial and Avenue varieties obtained an average production of 8050-8150 kg / ha.The high production of these French varieties is argued by the fact that they belong to the Premium group, very productive, very drought tolerant and with high ecological plasticity, with good resistance to wintering, falling, diseases and high twinning capacity, receptive to fertilizer doses, superior in terms of quality.The biological potential is very high reaching 11.000 kg / ha. Given the very high rainfall in June, when the plants reached physiological maturity, in both years of research, it was observed that foreign varieties lose their baking qualities very quickly, due to rains that "wash" gluten and reduce their hectoliter mass, which is not the case with Romanian varieties. Avenue, being extra early, was the most affected during the research period

PHYTOREMEDIATION USING MEDICINAL PLANTS - A REVIEW

Intensification of industrial activities and the demographic explosion resulted in severe environmental pollution, with dramatic consequences on the atmosphere, water and soil. The pace of production and dispersion of the pollutant exceededat present the natural processes of of biodegradation, the release of toxic substances into the terrestrial ecosystem representing a major problem. In search of technological remedies of the environmental pollution, phytoremediation, that uses directly green plants, provides important perspectives. Although at present this therapy technique is poorly implemented, it presents certain advantages including the reduced environmental impact. Therefore, this paper is a synthesis that aims to highlight the use of medicinal plants, specially selected for the greening of polluted areas

RESEARCH ON HOUSEHOLD COMPOSTING EQUIPMENT USED FOR PROCESSING ORGANIC WASTE

Organic waste management is a great challenge for authorities in the context of the continuous increase of the quantities annually generated. When is brought to the municipal separation and treatment stations, the organic waste is highly contaminated and difficult to process, therefore one of the best management solutions is considered the treatment at source, using specialized household composting equipment. This paper proposes to analyze the main characteristics of household composters, emphasizing the advantages and disadvantages of this treatment technique

RESEARCH ON THE OPTIMIZATION OF PLANTWORK AS A LINK IN VEGETABLE GROWING TECHNOLOGY

The continuous increase of vegetable consumption has led to the intensification of research to improve and streamline vegetable cultivation technologies. Achieving an optimal technology involves obtaining the highest possible yields per unit of cultivated area, at a higher quality, under the conditions of using minimal human and financial resources. The paper presents a series of experimental research on technologies for growing vegetables in the field, insisting on the work to be planted, on that depends the evolution of the crop from establishment to harvest. After a short review of the works necessary for the establishment of the culture, there is a system of different types of technical equipment for planting seedlings, some requirements of the planting work, presentation of a type of equipment, among the most efficient currently used, quality indices obtained from the experimentation of the mentioned equipment, conclusions and recommendations

EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH REGARDING THE HARVEST OF SOME MEDICINAL PLANTS FROM FAM. LAMIACEAE

Medicinal plants from Fam. Lamiaceae are characterized by the presence of compounds that have a high antioxidant activity. The quality of plant material depends on a complex of factors, which also includes harvesting. Applying especially to cultivated species, mechanized harvesting conditions the obtaining of profitable productions of medicinal plants.The paper presents the experimental results obtained in the tests of the Multifunctional equipment for harvesting medicinal and aromatic plants (experimental model) in the crops of Lavender (Lavandula angustifolia Mill.) Respectively Hyssop (Hyssopus officinalis L.), both from the fam. Lamiaceae, made on small areas

STUDY REGARDING SOIL QUALITY INFLUENCE ON SEVERAL MEDICINAL CROPS

Soils are living and dynamic systems that serve as interface between agriculture and the environment. Soil and water quality influence medicinal plant harvest yield, while the cultivation technologies and processes that take place during the growing season may influence soil quality. The significant decrease in soil quality is evidenced by the negative changes in its physical, chemical, biological properties and when soil is contaminated with organic and inorganic substances. The assessment of soil conservation status is performed by determining key indicators and threshold values, which must be maintained for its normal functioning, this analysis being important to determine trends of deterioration or improvement of soil quality, for various agricultural ecosystems. The main objective of this paper was to determine a series of indicators such as: physical indicators (particle size, humidity, density), chemical indicators (pH, conductivity, N:P:K content), and organic content from soil, in order to evaluate soil and water quality, on a field cultivated with several annual and perennial medicinal plants (basil, marigold, hyssop, lemon balm, lophantus, etc.)

RESEARCH ON DEVELOPING A MULTIFUNCTIONAL EQUIPMENT FOR HARVESTING MEDICINAL AND AROMATIC PLANTS FOR USE ON SMALL AREAS

Cultivation technologies of medicinal and aromatic plants characterize harvesting operations as being difficult, because they have a significant effect on the plant material quality. Therefore, regardless the harvesting method used (either manual or mechanical), the intervention on the useful part of the plant have to be kept to minimum. Mechanized harvesting is usually an important prior factor for achieving profitable productions, and this aspect is also valid for medicinal and aromatic plants. In order to improve and adapt the cultivation technologies to the current Romanian requirements, and analyzing previous practical experiences, INMA Bucharest has achieved a multifunctional equipment for harvesting annual and perennial medicinal and aromatic plants, with applicability on small land surfaces. The paper presents the experimental model of an innovative equipment and the expected advantages, compared to the previously made harvesting equipment

USE OF ESSENTIAL OILS AS GREEN BIOPESTICIDES

In recent years, there has been a growing interest in the application of herbal products, especially essential oils (EOs) in agriculture, as an alternative to the use of synthetic pesticides, for healthy crops and environmentally sustainable production systems. This was the main reason why the properties of EOs as natural pesticides for their promotion and use in organic farming were evaluated. EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) defines biopesticide as a safer product, with a lower persistence in the environment, biodegradable, less toxic to non-target organisms, less likely to contaminate soil and groundwater. Many EOs obtained from medicinal plants have a wide range of activities against harmful insects, bacteria and phytopathogenic fungi, weeds. Their action varies from insecticidal activities, repellents, antifeedants, growth regulation, etc. This review presents the most effective biopesticides based on EOs obtained from medicinal plants and the future development prospects of this industry.Â

Preliminary Tests Regarding Fumigant Effect of Volatile Oils Obtained from Medicinal Plants

The objective of this work was testing 4 volatile oils obtained from new varieties of medicinal plants (yellow basil; red basil; marigold; hyssop), over Beauveria brongniartii (BbgMm1a/09) entomopathogenic fungi and Sitophilus granarius, deposit insect. The results obtained showed that at different concentrations, red basil volatile oil showed the strongest inhibitory effect compared to the other tested oils (yellow basil, marigold and hyssop). Concerning the insecticidal action, the preliminary tests with the 4 volatile oils obtained from new varieties of medicinal plants had no effect on the test insect - Sitophilus granarius

EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCHES ON THE VEGETAL MATERIAL QUALITY, IN ORDER TO OPTIMIZE OF SOME PROCESSING PROCESSES OF THE MEDICINAL PLANTS

In the production of medicinal plants, the phytotherapeutic products quality is given by the content and the amount of bioactive substances from the plant. The quality of the phytotherapeutic products is dependent on the quality of the vegetal raw material as well as by the quality of the manufacturing processes. This paper presents the experimental determinations of some physical and dimensional properties of the vegetal material, in order to separate by sorts and of obtaining of some vegetal extracts therefrom. The determinations were performed in order to optimize the separation and extraction processes of medicinal plants. Knowing the characteristics of the vegetal material is particularly important for the achievement of some high-performance technical equipment for processing of medicinal plants