18,265 research outputs found
Monte Carlo Quasi-Heatbath by approximate inversion
When sampling the distribution P(phi) ~ exp(-|A phi|^2), a global heatbath
normally proceeds by solving the linear system A phi = eta, where eta is a
normal Gaussian vector, exactly. This paper shows how to preserve the
distribution P(phi) while solving the linear system with arbitrarily low
accuracy. Generalizations are presented.Comment: 10 pages, 1 figure; typos corrected, reference added; version to
appear in Phys. Rev.
No Eigenvalue in Finite Quantum Electrodynamics
We re-examine Quantum Electrodynamics (QED) with massless electron as a
finite quantum field theory as advocated by Gell-Mann-Low, Baker-Johnson,
Adler, Jackiw and others. We analyze the Dyson-Schwinger equation satisfied by
the massless electron in finite QED and conclude that the theory admits no
nontrivial eigenvalue for the fine structure constant.Comment: 13 pages, Late
Inelastic Diffraction at Heavy Ion Colliders
The heavy ion physics approach to global event characterization has led us to
instrument the forward region in the PHENIX experiment at RHIC. In heavy ion
collisions this coverage yields a measurement of the "spectator" energy and its
distribution about the beam direction. This energy flow is the basis of
event-by-event determination of the centrality and reaction plane which are key
to analyzing particle production in heavy ion collisions. These same tools have
also enabled a unique set of measurements on inelastic diffraction with proton,
deuteron and gold ion beams in the PHENIX experiment. We present first new
results on this topic and discuss briefly the opportunity for diffractive
physics with Heavy Ion beams at the LHC.Comment: RHIC overview talk presented at "Diffraction 2004" in Dorgali,
Sardegna, Ital
Structure and Properties of Hughston's Stochastic Extension of the Schr\"odinger Equation
Hughston has recently proposed a stochastic extension of the Schr\"odinger
equation, expressed as a stochastic differential equation on projective Hilbert
space. We derive new projective Hilbert space identities, which we use to give
a general proof that Hughston's equation leads to state vector collapse to
energy eigenstates, with collapse probabilities given by the quantum mechanical
probabilities computed from the initial state. We discuss the relation of
Hughston's equation to earlier work on norm-preserving stochastic equations,
and show that Hughston's equation can be written as a manifestly unitary
stochastic evolution equation for the pure state density matrix. We discuss the
behavior of systems constructed as direct products of independent subsystems,
and briefly address the question of whether an energy-based approach, such as
Hughston's, suffices to give an objective interpretation of the measurement
process in quantum mechanics.Comment: Plain Tex, no figure
Disseminating knowledge: from potential to reality – new open-access journals collide with convention
Scholars beware! For years, researchers have lamented the long lag times endemic in conventional academic publishing, where even the highest quality papers have often taken more than two years from initial submission to publication. Luckily, advances in digital technologies and the advent of online, open-access (OA) journals are rendering such delays obsolete. Society can now directly benefit from published research within months (and sometimes weeks) of a study being completed.
Unfortunately however, open-access, online technologies are interacting with new revenue-generating business models and historic assessment systems, leading to the rise of predatory open-access (POA) journals that prioritize profit over the integrity of academic scholarship. Such interaction is leading to disruptive distortions that are systematically undermining academia’s ability to disseminate the highest quality scholarship and to benefit from free, timely access
Correction-to-scaling exponent for two-dimensional percolation
We show that the correction-to-scaling exponents in two-dimensional
percolation are bounded by Omega <= 72/91, omega = D Omega <= 3/2, and Delta_1
= nu omega <= 2, based upon Cardy's result for the critical crossing
probability on an annulus. The upper bounds are consistent with many previous
measurements of site percolation on square and triangular lattices, and new
measurements for bond percolation presented here, suggesting this result is
exact. A scaling form evidently applicable to site percolation is also found
Weisskopf-Wigner Decay Theory for the Energy-Driven Stochastic Schr\"odinger Equation
We generalize the Weisskopf-Wigner theory for the line shape and transition
rates of decaying states to the case of the energy-driven stochastic
Schr\"odinger equation that has been used as a phenomenology for state vector
reduction. Within the standard approximations used in the Weisskopf-Wigner
analysis, and assuming that the perturbing potential inducing the decay has
vanishing matrix elements within the degenerate manifold containing the
decaying state, the stochastic Schr\"odinger equation linearizes. Solving the
linearized equations, we find no change from the standard analysis in the line
shape or the transition rate per unit time. The only effect of the stochastic
terms is to alter the early time transient behavior of the decay, in a way that
eliminates the quantum Zeno effect. We apply our results to estimate
experimental bounds on the parameter governing the stochastic effects.Comment: 29 pages in RevTeX, Added Note, references adde
Nuclear modification at sqrt{s_{NN}}=17.3 GeV, measured at NA49
Transverse momentum spectra up to 4.5 GeV/c were measured around midrapidity
in Pb+Pb reactions at sqrt{s_{NN}}=17.3 GeV, for pi^{+/-}, p, pbar and K^{+/-},
by the NA49 experiment. The nuclear modification factors R_{AA}, R_{AA/pA} and
R_{CP} were extracted and are compared to RHIC results at sqrt{s_{NN}}=200 GeV.
The modification factor R_{AA} shows a rapid increase with transverse momentum
in the covered region. The modification factor R_{CP} shows saturation well
below unity in the pi^{+/-} channel. The extracted R_{CP} values follow the 200
GeV RHIC results closely in the available transverse momentum range for all
particle species. For pi^{+/-} above 2.5 GeV/c transverse momentum, the
measured suppression is smaller than that observed at RHIC. The nuclear
modification factor R_{AA/pA} for pi^{+/-} stays well below unity.Comment: Proceedings of Quark Matter 2008 conferenc
Low--Energy Theorems for Weak Pion Production
We derive novel low--energy theorems for single pion production off nucleons
through the isovector axial current. We find that the -dependence of the
multipole at threshold is given by the nucleon scalar form
factor, namely . The relation to
PCAC results for soft pions including electroweak form factors is also
clarified.Comment: 9 pp, TeX, 2 figures available as ps files, CRN 93-5
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