The Effect of Colonialism on Implementation of Agrarian Reform in Indonesia

The agrarian carried by Sukarno was supported by the peasants throughout Indonesia. How not, the agrarian basic law which then came into force on 1 January 1961 aims to restore and redeem (redistribution) agricultural land to each head of the farm family. The step for that begins with determining the maximum and minimum area of agricultural land taking into account the population, area and other factors. But in its journey, agrarian reform was also influenced by Indonesia's political situation. The problem that will be discussed by the researcher is How do the elements of colonialism influence the implementation of Agrarian Reform in Indonesia? The research method used is a normative legal research method. With the ovary desk, in-depth interviews with related parties. The results of the study are: In addition to the evidence that still uses the Positief Wettelijk system, the state through its tools also puts forward repressive methods as a method of handling agrarian conflicts. So that it can be said that the "spirit" of the custom of the colonial government until now is still "carried" by the state. This has a big influence on the operation of the legal system, and the application of the Agrarian Principles Law in agrarian reform

Tindak Pidana Kekerasan Seksual dan Perlindungan Hukum bagi Korban Kekerasan Seksual di Indonesia

This study aims to describe the various forms of acts that fall into the category of criminal acts of sexual violence. In addition, this research is directed to comprehensively examine what forms of legal protection for victims of sexual violence in Indonesia have been specifically regulated in Law No. 12 of 2022 concerning Criminal Acts of Sexual Violence. Therefore, this research is designed using the normative juridical method. Where the main data comes from laws and regulations, legal concepts related to sexual violence. The approaches used are statute approach and conceptual approach. The results showed, first, there are twelve types of sexual violence criminal offenses regulated in the TPKS Law. Second, Victims are entitled to Handling, Protection, and Recovery since the occurrence of Sexual Violence Crimes. Meanwhile, victims with disabilities are entitled to accessibility and reasonable accommodation for the fulfillment of their rights in accordance with the provisions of laws and regulations.Keywords: Legal Protection, Sexual Violence, Victims of Sexual Violence

Access to Justice for Victims of Structural Violence in Makassar, South Sulawesi

Structural Violence is a manifestation of repressive act for overcoming the problems happened in society that reflects lack experience and understanding about social-culture condition. Access to justice for violence of structural violence is a rights warranted by constitution and must be given due to systemic and large impact. The aim of this research is to find out structural violence happened in Makassar as a result of social conflict and manifestation of people rights for access to justice in completing that conflict. this research is descriptive with empirical/sociological approach. The result of the research showed that social conflict occurred as arrogance of power and the blockage of communication in completing the problem. The un synchronized between one law to the other law; weak of apparatus understanding and the arrogance character of Makassar peoples are the other causes. Marginalization which lead to people counterproductive is the biggest cause from impact occurred. Access to justice for victims of structural violence on the one side seen as blessing for victim, however for the authorities is a threat that can disturbing the existence of dominance to low class people

Access to Justice for Victims of Structural Violence in Makassar, South Sulawesi

Structural Violence is a manifestation of repressive act for overcoming the problems happened in society that reflects lack experience and understanding about social-culture condition. Access to justice for violence of structural violence is a rights warranted by constitution and must be given due to systemic and large impact. The aim of this research is to find out structural violence happened in Makassar as a result of social conflict and manifestation of people rights for access to justice in completing that conflict. this research is descriptive with empirical/sociological approach. The result of the research showed that social conflict occurred as arrogance of power and the blockage of communication in completing the problem. The un synchronized between one law to the other law; weak of apparatus understanding and the arrogance character of Makassar peoples are the other causes. Marginalization which lead to people counterproductive is the biggest cause from impact occurred. Access to justice for victims of structural violence on the one side seen as blessing for victim, however for the authorities is a threat that can disturbing the existence of dominance to low class people