A Comparative Study of Selected Anthropometric and Physiological Variables Among Indian National Paddlers

Introduction: Canoeing and Kayaking are water sports featured by skill and endurance. Physiological and anthropometric variables play a substantial role in almost all games and sports and Canoeing and Kayaking could not be segregated from them. Several researches had been carried out in the field of Canoeing and Kayaking including anthropometric and physiological characteristics but very scanty account of these studies was concentrated on Indian paddlers. Hence, our study aimed at assessing the anthropometric and physiological profiles of Indian male and female Canoers and Kayakers and determining and explaining the differences between these groups. Method: Anthropometric parameters were measured according to standard protocols followed by ISAK manual. Body density was predicted using Durnin and Womersley equation (1974) and body fat % using the Siri method (1956). VO2max was predicted from Multi-Stage Fitness Test (MSRT). Results: Lean body mass was found to be higher in Kayakers than Canoers. Body fat percentage was found to be significantly higher among female Kayakers than female Canoers which was 26.53±4.28 and 18.96±1.54 respectively. Physiological variables when concerned showed that relative back strength and oxygen consumption of female Canoers were significantly higher than that of female Kayakers which were 2.22±0.14 kg, 45.20±2.17ml/min/kg and 1.83±0.18kg, 40.71±2.87ml/min/kg respectively. Conclusion: It had been found that both male and female Kayakers were found to be taller and heavier than the male and female Canoers respectively.Introducción: Canotaje y Kayak son deportes acuáticos caracterizados por la habilidad y la resistencia. Las variables fisiológicas y antropométricas juegan un papel sustancial en casi todos los juegos y deportes, y el piragüismo y el kayak no podrían separarse de ellos. Se han llevado a cabo varias investigaciones en el campo del piragüismo y el kayak, incluidas las características antropométricas y fisiológicas, pero muy pocos estudios de estos estudios se concentraron en los remeros indios. Por lo tanto, nuestro estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar los perfiles antropométricos y fisiológicos de los canoeros y kayakistas indios masculinos y femeninos y determinar y explicar las diferencias entre estos grupos. Método: Los parámetros antropométricos se midieron de acuerdo con los protocolos estándar seguidos por el manual ISAK. La densidad corporal se predijo utilizando la ecuación de Durnin y Womersley (1974) y el porcentaje de grasa corporal utilizando el método de Siri (1956). El VO2max se predijo a partir de la prueba de condición física de etapas múltiples (MSRT). Resultados: Se encontró que la masa corporal magra era mayor en kayakistas que en canoeros. Se encontró que el porcentaje de grasa corporal era significativamente más alto entre las kayakistas que entre las canoeras, que fue de 26,53±4,28 y 18,96±1,54 respectivamente. Las variables fisiológicas en cuestión mostraron que la fuerza relativa de la espalda y el consumo de oxígeno de las canoistas femeninas fueron significativamente más altos que los de las kayakistas, que fueron 2,22 ± 0,14 kg, 45,20 ± 2,17 ml/min/kg y 1,83 ± 0,18 kg, 40,71 ± 2,87 ml/min. /kg respectivamente. Conclusión: Se encontró que tanto los kayakistas masculinos como femeninos eran más altos y pesados que los canoeros masculinos y femeninos, respectivamente

Comparison of physical and anthropometrical parameters of teen-age male rowers, kayakers, canoers and sedentary school children

Objetivo: Comparar los parámetros antropométricos y físicos de los jóvenes remeros, kayakistas, canoeros y la población de control. Métodos: Nuestro estudio se llevó a cabo en 173 niños (n=53 remeros, edad=16,24±1,51 años; n=38 kayakistas, edad= 17,0±3,99 años; n= 37 canoeros, edad= 15,1±0,53 años; y grupo control, n=45, edad=15,0±0,46). Varios bioparámetros, altura corporal (cm), peso corporal (kg) e (índice de masa corporal) (kg/m2), grosor del pliegue cutáneo (mm) bíceps, tríceps, subescapular, suprailíaco y pantorrilla, diámetros de humorístico y fémur (cm), longitud del brazo (cm), longitud del brazo (cm), longitud de la parte delantera de la pierna (cm), longitud del muslo (cm), longitud del pie (cm), longitud de la parte superior del brazo, longitud del antebrazo (cm), hombro Se midieron la anchura (cm), la longitud del tronco (cm), la circunferencia del muslo y la pantorrilla (cm), el porcentaje de grasa corporal, la fuerza de agarre (derecha e izquierda) de las manos, la flexibilidad del tronco, la fuerza relativa de la espalda, los abdominales y las flexiones.Resultados:La altura corporal (cm) de los remeros masculinos fue mayor que la de los canoeros masculinos y el grupo control (p<0,05). El salto largo de pie (cm) de los remeros masculinos fue significativamente mayor que los kayakistas y el grupo de control (p<0,05). La flexibilidad de los remeros masculinos fue significativamente mayor que la de los piragüistas masculinos y el grupo de control (p<0.0.5). La fuerza relativa de la espalda (kg) de los remeros, kayakistas y canoeros masculinos fue significativamente mayor que la del grupo de control. Sentarse/minuto de los canoeros masculinos fue significativamente mayor que los remeros masculinos (p<0,01) y los kayakistas (p<0,05). El empuje hacia arriba/minuto de los canoistas masculinos se observó significativamente más alto que el grupo de control (p <0,01) y los kayakistas y remeros (p <0,05). La envergadura de los brazos de los remeros fue significativamente mayor que la del grupo control (p<0,01) y la de los kayakistas y canoeros (p<0,05). La longitud del antebrazo (cm) de los remeros masculinos fue significativamente mayor que la del grupo de control (p<0,01). También se encontró más alto en kayakistas y canoeros masculinos que en el grupo de control (p<0.05).Conclusión:Nuestros atletas tienen una diferencia significativa en algunos parámetros ya que están bien entrenados y el grupo de control no tiene entrenamiento previo en absoluto.Aim: It is to compare anthropometrical and physical parameters of teen-aged young male rowers, kayakers, canoers and control population. Methods: Our study was carried on 173 children (n=53 rowers, age=16.24±1.51 years; n=38 kayakers, age= 17.0±3.99 years; n= 37 canoers, age= 15.1±0.53 years; and control group, n=45, age=15.0±0.46). Several bio-parameters, body height (cm), body weight (kg) and (body mass index) (kg/m2), skin fold thickness (mm)  biceps, triceps, sub-scapula, supra-illiac and calf, diameters of humorous and femur (cm), arm length (cm), arm span (cm), fore leg length (cm), thigh length (cm), foot length (cm), upper arm length, fore arm length (cm), shoulder breadth (cm), trunk length (cm), thigh and calf girth (cm), body fat percentage, the grip strength (right and left ) hands, trunk flexibility, relative back strength, sit up, push up  were measured. Results: Body height (cm) of male rowers was higher than male canoers and control group (p<0.05). Standing broad jump (cm) of male rowers was significantly higher than kayakers and control group (p<0.05). Flexibility of male rowers was significantly higher than male canoers and control group (p<0.0.5). Relative back strength (kg) of male rowers, kayakers and canoers was significantly higher than control group. Sit up /minute of male canoers was significantly higher than both male rowers (p<0.01) and kayakers (p<0.05). Push up/minute of male canoers was noted higher significantly than control group (p<0.01) and kayakers and rower (p<0.05). The arm span of rowers was significantly higher than control group (p<0.01) and kayakers and canoers (p<0.05). Fore arm length (cm) of male rowers was significantly higher than control group (p<0.01). It was also found higher in male kayakers and canoers than control group (p<0.05). Conclusion: Our athletes have significant difference in some parameters as they are well trained and the control group has no such previous training at all

Influence Of Systematic Training On Morpho-Physiological And Motor Ability Profiles Of Indian Young Female Rowers, Kayakers And Canoers

International Journal of Exercise Science 16(6): 744-755, 2023. Our study was carried on junior female athletes (22 rowers, 11 kayakers and 7 canoers) adopting systemic training to explore the possible training manipulation that can be implicated in these three kinds of water sports, might be in a different way. Several morpho-physiological parameters and motor ability profiles were measured by standard methods. Accordingly, body weight (kg), performing time of 2.4 km run (sec), 6×10 meters shuttle run/agility (sec) of female rowers were reduced progressively and significantly from Preparatory Period (PP1) to General Practice Period (GPP) i.e., from (59.41±4.84) to (52.23±5.34), (773.04±92.64) to (566.19±80.84) and (17.91±0.96) to (14.79±0.6) respectively. In case of kayakers, the time to cover 6×10 meters shuttle run was decreased from (18.42±0.63) to (16.61±0.79) and standing vertical jump (cm) was increased from (24.64±4.65) to (38.18±5.65) significantly from initial PPI to final GPP with considerable changes in between the phases. Body weight (kg), performing time of 60 meters standing start (sec), 2.4 km run (sec) and 6×10 meters shuttle run of female canoers were found to be decreased maximally from PP1 to GPP, following eight successive training phases from (58.56±3.98) to (49.88±4.39), (10.96±0.42) to (9.35±0.29), (802.57±32.40) to (632.57±57.38) and (10.96±0.42) to (9.35±0.29) respectively and also decreased considerably between other training phases. Standing broad jump (cm), standing vertical jump (cm), sit up/min, and push up/min performance were also found to be increased maximally from PP1 to GPP i.e., from (180.71±9.01) to (252.12±7.76), (27±4.16) to (41.14±1.86), (43±7.72) to (96±15.13) and from (34.43±7.50) to (88.28±4.85) respectively and also considerably between other training phases. Training as designed and incorporated in the present study significantly improves motor ability in all three groups. More discrete training can be prescribed for better fitness

Evaluation of lung function among the Indian elite female weightlifters

Background: Spirometry is an essential tool to evaluate lung function of health and disease. Adaptability of lung and chest among athletes can be assessed by lung function test (LFT). The quest of our study was to evaluate the lung function (LF) of highly trained Indian female weighting athletes, and intended to appraise the adaptation of LF among trained elite athletes.Methods: Top ranked Indian female professional weightlifters (study group, n=6) were recruited for this study. Three out of the six weightlifters were from top ten world ranking of 6th, 7th and 9th. Age matched controls (control group, n=6) were selected for this study. Maximum voluntary ventilation (MVV), vital capacity (VC), forced vital capacity (FVC), percentage of forced expiratory volume in first second (FEV1%) and ratio of forced expiratory volume in first second and forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC%) have been evaluated as per the ATS/ERS guidelines.Results: Statistically higher significant values of VC and FVC were noted in study group, where as other values (MVV, FEV1% and FEV1/FVC%) found no significant difference between two groups.Conclusions: Power, strength and explosiveness of the skeletal muscles are vital domains in weightlifting sport. Weightlifting is such a sport doesn’t require much ventilatory efforts during training as well as competition. This study clueing that physiological adaptation/ improvement of the pulmonary function (PF) depends on the type of the sport being engaged by the athletes

Effect of Eccentric Cycling and Plyometric Training on Physiological and Performance Related Parameters of Trained Junior Track Cyclists

Introduction. Some certain well-established training protocols exist for developing physical and physiological demands of a track cyclist. But still there is controversy on the effectiveness of combined training protocols. The present study was aimed to investigate the effects of 4-week concurrent eccentric cycling and plyometric training on cycling performance of male cyclists at the pre-competitive phase