AN EVALUATION OF AN ECONOMIC STRATEGY FOR PREVENTING WATER POLLUTION USING A PHOSPHORUS CONSISTENT TRANSPORTATION MODEL: A CASE OF BROILER LITTER MANAGEMENT

We calculated the profitability of using broiler litter as a source of plant nutrient using a phosphorus consistent litter application rule. We found that each ton of litter can be transferred cost effectively up to 164 miles from the production facilities. The minimum cost phosphorus consistent transportation model developed to meet the nutrient needs of 29 counties in North Alabama revealed that not all the litter can be utilized in the region. The total cost for nutrient supply increased when transportation of litter from heavily surplus counties were prioritized. The effect of chemical fertilizer price change minimally affected the total litter use.Environmental Economics and Policy,

AN ANALYSIS OF INTERNATIONAL PRICE AND EXCHANGE RATE ELASTICITY FOR US SOYBEANS: THE CASE OF JAPAN

Stepwise model selection criteria were tested against the restrictive forms to determine the appropriate model and to confirm the law of one price for the US soybeans. Analysis shows less than one international price transmission and exchange rate elasticities in the long run indicate an incomplete exchange rate pass through.International Relations/Trade,

Measuring the Impacts of US Export Promotion Program for Wheat in Selected Importing Regions

We examine the impacts of major factors affecting the export demand of wheat with a special focus on the impacts of export promotion programs on US wheat. Study results show negative impacts of own-price and real exchange rate on export demand of wheat, while the real GDP, price of corn, and export promotion expenditure had positive and significant impacts. The per dollar returns to wheat export promotion expenditures were $1.49,$0.42, and $2.01 for Middle East, Pacific Rim, and Mexico, respectively.International Relations/Trade,

NON-PRICE PROMOTION IMPACTS ON COTTON AND SOYBEANS EXPORTS UNDER EXCHANGE RATE LINKED SUBSIDIES

Issue of exchange rate-linked subsidies for non-price export promotion has recently emerged as an area of interest among marketing researchers because of fluctuating strength of US dollars and position of US agricultural goods in export markets. One solution to mitigate these impacts was to link the federal export promotion subsidies with the changing value of US dollars. In the study, an equilibrium displacement framework was developed to analyze the effectiveness of exchange rate-linked subsidies for non-price promotion by comparatively analyzing its effectiveness on US soybeans and cotton. The study result shows that an increase in promotion expenditure with an increase in the strength of US dollars and vice versa promotes the export of US cotton and soybeans in export markets and increases the efficiency of federal export promotion programs. Even though transportation cost elasticity was one of major focuses of this study, it emerged as an insignificant factor.export promotion, exchange rate linked subsidies, gross gain, and producer welfare, Agricultural and Food Policy, International Relations/Trade,

ASSESSING THE EFFICIENCY OF EXCHANGE RATE-LINKED SUBSIDIES FOR NON-PRICE EXPORT PROMOTION: THE CASE OF COTTON

Notwithstanding substantial federal financial support for the export promotion of agricultural products, ways to improve the efficiency of federal funding have not been discussed in empirical research. In this study, an equilibrium displacement framework was developed to evaluate whether the efficiency of export promotion expenditures could be increased by linking them with changes in the exchange rate. In our analysis, the gross gain to domestic cotton producers from the exchange-rate linked subsidy scheme was positive. Findings support exchange-rate linked subsidies for export promotion of agricultural products.International Relations/Trade,

AN ANALYSIS OF COST EFFECTIVE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES TO MANAGE WATER POLLUTION PROBLEM: A CASE OF TOBESOFKEE CREEK,GEORGIA

A cost minimization model was used to find the minimum cost and environmental friendly management practices(MCEFMP). Use of MCEFMP in cattle production seems to be the most cost effective means of reducing water pollution with a marginal cost of $1200 in comparison to use of MCEFMP on other agricultural operations.Environmental Economics and Policy,

AN APPLICATION OF THE PHOSPHORUS CONSISTENT RULE FOR ENVIRONMENTALLY ACCEPTABLE COST-EFFICIENT MANAGEMENT OF BROILER LITTER IN CROP PRODUCTION

We calculated the profitability of using broiler litter as a source of plant nutrients using the phosphorus consistent litter application rule. The cost saving by using litter is 37% over the use of chemical fertilizer alone to meet the nutrient needs of major crops grown in Alabama. In the optimal solution, only a few routes of all the possible routes developed were used for inter- and intra- county litter hauling. If litter is not adopted as the sole source of crop nutrients, the best environmental policy may be to pair the phosphorus consistent rule with taxes, marketable permits, and subsidies.Environmental Economics and Policy, Production Economics,

FORECASTING IRRIGATION WATER DEMAND: A STRUCTURAL AND TIME SERIES ANALYSIS

An expected utility model was developed to capture the impacts of wealth, other economic, and institutional factors on irrigation acreage allocation decisions. Predicted water demand is derived from an expected utility structural model and various ARIMA models. No significant differences arise between forecasted irrigation acreage and, thereby, amount of forecasted water demand between econometric and time series models. However, estimates of water demand differ significantly from a Blaney-Criddle-based physical model. Keywords: water forecasting, acreage response, water slippage, BC formulawater forecasting, acreage response, water slippage, BC formula, Land Economics/Use, Resource /Energy Economics and Policy,

AN ANALYSIS OF WILLINGNESS TO PARTICIPATE IN WILDERNESS OR OTHER PRIMITIVE AREAS

A logit model was used to determine the major factors explaining willingness to participate of an individual in the wilderness or other primitive area visits. The results of the study showed that education and environmental awareness were in wilderness participation decision. Demographic variables like age, race, and sex also were statistically significant and emerged as important policy variables in defining wilderness participation behavior. Characteristics of wilderness areas like crowdness, pollution, and poor management failed to produce any significant impacts in the decision making process of wilderness area visit.wilderness or other primitive area visits, policy variables, demographic characteristics, participation behavior, Consumer/Household Economics,