4 research outputs found
Protective Effect of Oral Ascorbic Acid (Vitamin C) Against Acetaminophen-Induced Hepatic Injury in Rats
The incidence of acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity is reported to be
on the increase, with limited therapeutic or chemoprophylactic options.
In the present in vivo study, single daily oral doses (100 - 500 mg/kg)
of ascorbic acid (ASC) were investigated for their protective effects
against acetaminophen (APAP)-induced hepatotoxicity in 4 groups of rats
made up of 6 rats per group for 14 days. Also, effects of the doses on
body weights taken on the 1st, 7th and 15th day of the experiment were
also investigated. On the 15th day, blood samples for serum ALT, AST
and FBG assay were collected through cardiac puncture under inhaled
diethyl ether anaesthesia. Rat livers were also studied for
histopathology. Results showed that treatment with APAP intraperitoneal
injection induced significant (P<0.001) elevation in the serum
levels of ALT and AST while inducing significant (P<0.05) decrease
in the serum FBG. The hepatotoxicity was also corroborated by the
histopathological lesion of lipid peroxidation characterized by diffuse
ballooning degeneration with lymphocytic infiltration. Significant
(P<0.01) weight loss and hypoglycaemia were also associated with
APAP-induced hepatotoxicity. However, these alterations were attenuated
in ASC pretreated rats dose dependently. Also, APAP-induced
hypoglycaemia and weight loss were significantly (P<0.01,
P<0.001) enhanced by ASC in dose related pattern. Thus, results of
this study showed that 100 - 500 mg/kg/day was protective against
APAP-induced hepatotoxicity, effect which could have been mediated via
its inherent free radical scavenging and/or free radicals generation
inhibiting activities
Metformin: An effective attenuator of risperidone-induced insulin resistance hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia in rats
332-338The
use of atypical antipsychotics in the clinical management of schizophrenia and
schizoaffective disorders has been associated with the development of insulin
resistance. The present study evaluates the possible individual ameliorating
effect of single daily oral treatments with 20 mg/kg/day of metformin and 0.1
mg/kg of glibenclamide in two groups of Wistar rats pretreated with 0.2 mg/kg of
risperidone for 60 days. Two additional groups of rats were only treated with
0.2 mg/kg of risperidone and 10 mL/kg of distilled water, respectively, also
for 60 days. Results showed that oral pre-treatment with metformin
significantly attenuated increases in the weight gain pattern, fasting glucose,
fasting plasma insulin, serum triglyceride and total cholesterol levels that
were elevated by risperidone treatment. Metformin also significantly reduced
glycosylated hemoglobin concentration, fasting insulin-glucose ratio and
fasting insulin resistance index. Conversely, oral pre-treatment with
glibenclamide for 60 days did not significantly reduce any of the measured
parameters except for glycosylated hemoglobin concentrations. Thus, results of
this study showed that 20 mg/kg of metformin effectively ameliorated the
development of risperidone-induced insulin resistance and dyslipidemia which
was mediated via improvement in insulin resistance. This study provides insight
into the therapeutic potential of metformin in preventing risperidone-induced
insulin resistance diabetes mellitus and dyslipidaemia