Ophthalmic manifestations in patients with intracranial tumours

Introduction L’étude a pour but d’apprécier les manifestations ophtalmologiques des patients présentant des tumeurs cérébrales au Nigéria dans un hôpital tertiaire. Méthode Il s’agit d’une étude rétrospective avec une revue des tumeurs cérébrales dans le Neurosurgical Unit of Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile- Ife de janvier 2003 à décembre 2007. L’analyse des données, diagnostique, acuité visuelle, et prise en charge, ont été analysées selon la fréquence en utilisant avec la version 1 11 SPCS . L’acuité visuelle a été classifiée selon celle de l’OMS. Résultat Sur un total de 94 patients, 88 patients ont été revus. Il s’agissait de 53 patients de sexe masculin et 35 de sexe féminin. La moyenne d’âge était de 36.2 plus ou moins 20 ans. 14 patients ont été pris en charge par les ophtalmologistes. La répartition des tumeurs était la suivante: méningiomes, 36,4 %, craniopharyngiomes, 13,6 % et gliomes, 9,1 %. 67,9 % des patients se plaignaient de troubles visuels à l’admission dont 46,6 % avec une baisse importante et 12,5 % une vision double. Il a été objectivé une artrophie optique dans 23,9 % . 46 malades (52 %) étaient aveugles et 14 (16 %) avaient un trouble visuelimportant. Conclusion Les troubles visuels sont des manifestations cliniques fréquentes de présentation des tumeurs cérébrales. Une information médicale précoce est requise

Predictive Factors for Birth Trauma in Southwestern Nigeria

Birth trauma is a significant cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. This prospective study determined the predictive factors for birth trauma as seen in a Nigerian university teaching hospital. This was a prospective descriptive evaluation of birth trauma at Wesley Guilds Hospital, Ilesa over three years. Semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect data on the age, gender, pattern of presentation, place and mode of delivery, level of birth attendants, and treatment offered. Outcome measures were factors predisposing to birth trauma. A total of 137 neonatal hospital admissions with birth related complaints were recorded between 10th December, 2002 and 9th December 2005, out of which 119(86.8%) patients had 121 birth injuries (Males: Females= 1.4: 1). The mean age was 6 ± 4.1 (range: 1-31) day. Non skeletal injuries included cephalohaematoma 30(24.8%), genital bruises/abrasion 4(3.3%), subconjuctiva haemorrhage 2(1.7%), subdural haemorrhage 1 (0.8%), nasal necrosis 1(0.8%), Erb`s`palsy 31(25.6%) and Klumpke`s palsy 2(1.7%). Skeletal injuries were mainly bone fractures 50(41.3%)with 2(1.7%)mortality. Ante natal care/delivery, level of birth attendants, mode of delivery, fetal distress, and emergency caesarian section were among the factors that determined birth trauma. The prevalence of birth trauma is high in southwestern Nigeria. The predictive factors are easily identifiable in the perinatal period; early recognition could reduce significantly birth trauma. Keywords: Birth Trauma, Predictive factors, Prevalence, Nigeria.African Journal of Paediatric Surgery Vol. 4 (1) 2007: pp. 20-2

Ocular Diseases in HIV/AIDS

This study evaluated the prevalence of HIV seropositivity among a suspected group and describes the ocular manifestations among patients seen at the eye clinic of Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital Complex, Ile-Ife. Confirmatory diagnosis of HIV/AIDS by serologic tests was positive in 11 (28.9%) patients. Age range of 11 HIV/AIDS positive patients was 16 to 56 years, with a mean age of 32 +/- 2.7 years. There were 7 males and 4 females, giving a male to female ratio of 1.8:1. Of the 11 indexed patients, 1 had squamous cell carcinoma of the conjunctiva related to acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; four [36.4%] had herpes zoster ophthalmicus (3 males and I female) and herpes simplex keratitis (1).Others were lateral rectus muscle palsy and associated optic atrophy(1), uveitis(2), uniocular pan-uveitis with rubeosis iridis(1) and retinopathy (2). This study showed a significant proportion of patients suspected of HIV/AIDS among high risk patients were actually infected. A high index of suspicion is required in diagnosing HIV/AIDS among ophthalmic patients. Keywords: This study evaluated the prevalence of HIV seropositivity among a suspected group and describes the ocular manifestations among patients seen at the eye clinic of Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital Complex, Ile-Ife. Confirmatory diagnosis of HIV/AIDS by serologic tests was positive in 11 (28.9%) patients. Age range of 11 HIV/AIDS positive patients was 16 to 56 years, with a mean age of 32 +/- 2.7 years. There were 7 males and 4 females, giving a male to female ratio of 1.8:1. Of the 11 indexed patients, 1 had squamous cell carcinoma of the conjunctiva related to acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; four [36.4%] had herpes zoster ophthalmicus (3 males and I female) and herpes simplex keratitis (1).Others were lateral rectus muscle palsy and associated optic atrophy(1), uveitis(2), uniocular pan-uveitis with rubeosis iridis(1) and retinopathy (2). This study showed a significant proportion of patients suspected of HIV/AIDS among high risk patients were actually infected. A high index of suspicion is required in diagnosing HIV/AIDS among ophthalmic patients. This study evaluated the prevalence of HIV seropositivity among a suspected group and describes the ocular manifestations among patients seen at the eye clinic of Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital Complex, Ile-Ife. Confirmatory diagnosis of HIV/AIDS by serologic tests was positive in 11 (28.9%) patients. Age range of 11 HIV/AIDS positive patients was 16 to 56 years, with a mean age of 32 +/- 2.7 years. There were 7 males and 4 females, giving a male to female ratio of 1.8:1. Of the 11 indexed patients, 1 had squamous cell carcinoma of the conjunctiva related to acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; four [36.4%] had herpes zoster ophthalmicus (3 males and I female) and herpes simplex keratitis (1).Others were lateral rectus muscle palsy and associated optic atrophy(1), uveitis(2), uniocular pan-uveitis with rubeosis iridis(1) and retinopathy (2). This study showed a significant proportion of patients suspected of HIV/AIDS among high risk patients were actually infected. A high index of suspicion is required in diagnosing HIV/AIDS among ophthalmic patients. This study evaluated the prevalence of HIV seropositivity among a suspected group and describes the ocular manifestations among patients seen at the eye clinic of Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital Complex, Ile-Ife. Confirmatory diagnosis of HIV/AIDS by serologic tests was positive in 11 (28.9%) patients. Age range of 11 HIV/AIDS positive patients was 16 to 56 years, with a mean age of 32 +/- 2.7 years. There were 7 males and 4 females, giving a male to female ratio of 1.8:1. Of the 11 indexed patients, 1 had squamous cell carcinoma of the conjunctiva related to acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; four [36.4%] had herpes zoster ophthalmicus (3 males and I female) and herpes simplex keratitis (1).Others were lateral rectus muscle palsy and associated optic atrophy(1), uveitis(2), uniocular pan-uveitis with rubeosis iridis(1) and retinopathy (2). This study showed a significant proportion of patients suspected of HIV/AIDS among high risk patients were actually infected. A high index of suspicion is required in diagnosing HIV/AIDS among ophthalmic patients. Keywords: Eye, HIV/AIDS, Suspicion Nigerian Journal of Surgical Science Vol. 16 (2) 2006: pp. 47-5

Visual functions of commercial drivers in relation to road accidents in Nigeria

Objective : To determine the effects of the visual functions on the occurrence of road traffic accidents (RTA) amongst commercial drivers in Ife central local government area (LGA) of Osun state of Nigeria. Design : A cross-sectional study. Settings : Four major motor parks located at Ife Central LGA. Materials and Methods : Of the estimated 270 commercial drivers in the four major parks of the LGA, 215 consecutive drivers were interviewed and had their eyes examined. Structured questionnaires were administered by an ophthalmologist. Results: The prevalence of visual impairment (visual acuity < 6/18) in the better eye without correction was 3.3% ± 2.4 and there was a significant association between uncorrected visual acuity impairment in the better eye and RTA ( P = 0.0152). Refractive error was seen in 8.4% of the drivers, but none of these wear corrective glasses. Visual field defect, abnormal stereopsis and color vision impairment did not have any significant association with RTA. Conclusion : Poor visual acuity is strongly associated with RTA amongst Nigerian commercial drivers as opposed to visual field defect, abnormal color vision and stereopsis. A significant proportion of visual impairment was due to uncorrected refractive errors

Ocular Morbidity in Secondary School Students in Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria

No Abstract. Nigerian Journal of Opthalmology Vol. 14 (2) 2006: pp. 60-6