24 research outputs found
The Penn State - Torun Centre for Astronomy Planet Search stars. II. Lithium abundance analysis of the Red Giant Clump sample
Using the sample of 348 stars from the PennState-Torun Centre for Astronomy
Planet Search, for which uniformly determined atmospheric parameters are
available, with chemical abundances and rotational velocities presented here,
we investigate various channels of Li enrichment in giants. Our work is based
on the HET/HRS spectra. The A(Li) was determined from the 670.8nm line, while
we use a more extended set of lines for alpha-elements abundances. In a series
of K-S tests, we compare Li-rich giants with other stars in the sample. We also
use available IR photometric and kinematical data in search for evidence of
mass-loss. We investigate properties of the most Li-abundant giants in more
detail by using multi-epoch precise radial velocities. We present Li and
alpha-elements abundances, as well as vsini for 348 stars. We detected Li in 92
stars, of which 82 are giants. 11 of them show significant Li abundance
A(Li)>1.4 and 7 of them are Li-overabundant objects, according to criterion of
A(Li)>1.5 and their location on HR diagram, including two giants with Li
abundances close to meteoritic level. For another 271 stars, upper limits of
A(Li) are presented. We show that Li-rich giants are among the most massive
stars from our sample and show larger than average effective temperatures. They
are indistinguishable from the complete sample in terms of their distribution
of luminosity, [Fe/H], vsini, and alpha-elements abundances. Our results do not
point out to one specific Li enrichment mechanism operating in our sample of
giants. On the contrary, in some cases, we cannot identify fingerprints of any
of known scenarios. We show, however, that the 4 most Li-rich giant in our
sample either have low-mass companions or have RV variations at the level of
~100 m/s, which strongly suggests that the presence of companions is an
important factor in the Li-enrichment processes in giants.Comment: Accepted for publication in A&A, 13 figures, 11 tables, 26 page
Tracking Advanced Planetary Systems (TAPAS) with HARPS-N. V.: A Massive Jupiter orbiting the very low metallicity giant star BD+03 2562 and a possible planet around HD~103485
We present two evolved stars from the TAPAS (Tracking Advanced PlAnetary
Systems) with HARPS-N project devoted to RV precision measurements of
identified candidates within the PennState - Torun Centre for Astronomy Planet
Search. Evolved stars with planets are crucial to understand the dependency of
the planet formation mechanism on the mass and metallicity of the parent star
and to study star-planet interactions. The paper is based on precise radial
velocity (RV) measurements, for HD 103485 we collected 57 epochs over 3317 days
with the Hobby-Eberly Telescope and its High Resolution Spectrograph and 18
ultra-precise HARPS-N data over 919 days. For BD+03 2562 we collected 46 epochs
of HET data over 3380 days and 19 epochs of HARPS-N data over 919 days. We
present the analysis of the data and the search for correlations between the RV
signal and stellar activity, stellar rotation and photometric variability.
Based on the available data, we interpret the RV variations measured in both
stars as Keplerian motion. Both stars have masses close to Solar (1.11 and
1.14), very low metallicities ([Fe/H]=-0.50 and -0.71), and, both have Jupiter
planetary mass companions (m sin i=7 and 6.4 Mj), in close to terrestrial
orbits (1.4 and 1.3~au), with moderate eccentricities (e=0.34 and 0.2).
However, we cannot totally exclude that the signal in the case of HD~103485 is
due to rotational modulation of active regions. Based on the current data, we
conclude that BD+03 2562 has a bona fide planetary companion while for HD
103485 we cannot totally exclude that the best explanation for the RV signal
modulations is not the existence of a planet but stellar activity. If, the
interpretation remains that both stars have planetary companions they represent
systems orbiting very evolved stars with very low metallicities, a challenge to
the conditions required for the formation of massive giant gas planets.Comment: Acepted A&A 12 pages, 11 figure
Two Ultra-faint Milky Way Stellar Systems Discovered in Early Data from the DECam Local Volume Exploration Survey
We report the discovery of two ultra-faint stellar systems found in early data from the DECam Local Volume Exploration survey (DELVE). The first system, Centaurus I (DELVE J1238–4054), is identified as a resolved overdensity of old and metal-poor stars with a heliocentric distance of , a half-light radius of , an age of , a metallicity of , and an absolute magnitude of . This characterization is consistent with the population of ultra-faint satellites and confirmation of this system would make Centaurus I one of the brightest recently discovered ultra-faint dwarf galaxies. Centaurus I is detected in Gaia DR2 with a clear and distinct proper motion signal, confirming that it is a real association of stars distinct from the Milky Way foreground; this is further supported by the clustering of blue horizontal branch stars near the centroid of the system. The second system, DELVE 1 (DELVE J1630–0058), is identified as a resolved overdensity of stars with a heliocentric distance of , a half-light radius of , an age of , a metallicity of , and an absolute magnitude of , consistent with the known population of faint halo star clusters. Given the low number of probable member stars at magnitudes accessible with Gaia DR2, a proper motion signal for DELVE 1 is only marginally detected. We compare the spatial position and proper motion of both Centaurus I and DELVE 1 with simulations of the accreted satellite population of the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) and find that neither is likely to be associated with the LMC
Stabilizacja win jabłkowych zawierających skleikowaną skrobię
A method of the stabilisation of apple wines containing gelatinized starch and dextrin has been developed. The method depends on the hydrolysis of these ingredients with amylolytic enzymes contained in "Pektopol P" at the storage cellar temperature of approximately 15°C for one week, followed by the inactivation of introduced enzymes by short pasteurisation at 87-90°C.W pracy badano przyczyny braku stabilności fizykochemicznej win jabłkowych, jaka niekiedy występuje w produkcji przemysłowej. Stwierdzono, że częstą przyczyną braku stabilności win jabłkowych jest obecność w nich skleikowanej skrobi i dekstryn. W związku z tym w pracy badano: wygląd, uziarnienie i niektóre właściwości fizyczne skrobi z jabłek otrzymanych w polskich warunkach klimatycznych, adaptowano metody do oznaczania skrobi, opracowano metody stabilizacji win jabłkowych zawierających skleikowaną skrobię i dekstryny. Stwierdzono, że skrobia z badlimych jabłek posiada średnicę ziaren 1-15 μ, początkową temperaturę rozpuszczania amylozy 50-55°C, początkową temperaturę kleikowania ok. 90°C. Udział ziaren drobnych o średnicy 2-5 μ wynosi ok. 80%. W pracy stwierdzono przydatność zmodyfikowanej przez autorów jodometrycznej metody Williamsa i współpracowników do oznaczania skrobi w jabłkach oraz moszczach i winach. Przy oznaczaniu zawartości skleikowanej skrobi w moszczach i winach konieczne jest jej wstępne wytrącenie etanolem na gorąco (80°C) i wydzielenie z roztworu. Przy oznaczaniu skrobi (ziarnistej) w miazdze jabłkowej, moszczach, wymagane jest wstępne wydzielenie jej drogą wymywania i frakcjonowanego wirowania. Wina jabłkowe zawierające skleikowaną skrobię i dekstryny można stabilizować hydrolizą enzymatyczną wykorzystując enzymy amylolityczne ,,Pektopolu P", w temperaturze leżakowania w ciągu 1 tygodnia z późniejszą inaktywacją wprowadzonych enzymów, pasteryzacją momentalną w temperaturze 87-90°C. Dawkę preparatu ustalano w próbach wstępnych. W warunkach przemysłowych do stabilizacji wina stosowano dawkę „Pektopolu P" 0,25 g/l. Stabilizacja na ciepło tym preparatem pogarsza jakość win. Stabilizację drogą wychładzania w temperaturze -3 do -4°C w czasie 3 do 4 dni z filtracją w tej temperaturze oceniono jako mniej przydatną ze względu na trudności w procesie filtracji
Integrated NY-ESO-1 antibody and CD8+ T-cell responses correlate with clinical benefit in advanced melanoma patients treated with ipilimumab
Ipilimumab, a monoclonal antibody against cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4), has been shown to improve survival in patients with advanced metastatic melanoma. It also enhances immunity to NY-ESO-1, a cancer/testis antigen expressed in a subset of patients with melanoma. To characterize the association between immune response and clinical outcome, we first analyzed NY-ESO-1 serum antibody by ELISA in 144 ipilimumab-treated patients with melanoma and found 22 of 140 (16%) seropositive at baseline and 31 of 144 (22%) seropositive following treatment. These NY-ESO-1–seropositive patients had a greater likelihood of experiencing clinical benefit 24 wk after ipilimumab treatment than NY-ESO-1–seronegative patients (P = 0.02, relative risk = 1.8, two-tailed Fisher test). To understand why some patients with NY-ESO-1 antibody failed to experience clinical benefit, we analyzed NY-ESO-1–specific CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell responses by intracellular multicytokine staining in 20 NY-ESO-1–seropositive patients and found a surprising dissociation between NY-ESO-1 antibody and CD8 responses in some patients. NY-ESO-1–seropositive patients with associated CD8+ T cells experienced more frequent clinical benefit (10 of 13; 77%) than those with undetectable CD8+ T-cell response (one of seven; 14%; P = 0.02; relative risk = 5.4, two-tailed Fisher test), as well as a significant survival advantage (P = 0.01; hazard ratio = 0.2, time-dependent Cox model). Together, our data suggest that integrated NY-ESO-1 immune responses may have predictive value for ipilimumab treatment and argue for prospective studies in patients with established NY-ESO-1 immunity. The current findings provide a strong rationale for the clinical use of modulators of immunosuppression with concurrent approaches to favor tumor antigen-specific immune responses, such as vaccines or adoptive transfer, in patients with cancer
The Gravitational Lensing Imprints of DES Y3 Superstructures on the CMB: A Matched Filtering Approach
International audienceLow density cosmic voids gravitationally lens the cosmic microwave background (CMB), leaving a negative imprint on the CMB convergence . This effect provides insight into the distribution of matter within voids, and can also be used to study the growth of structure. We measure this lensing imprint by cross-correlating the Planck CMB lensing convergence map with voids identified in the Dark Energy Survey Year 3 data set, covering approximately 4,200 deg of the sky. We use two distinct void-finding algorithms: a 2D void-finder which operates on the projected galaxy density field in thin redshift shells, and a new code, Voxel, which operates on the full 3D map of galaxy positions. We employ an optimal matched filtering method for cross-correlation, using the MICE N-body simulation both to establish the template for the matched filter and to calibrate detection significances. Using the DES Y3 photometric luminous red galaxy sample, we measure , the amplitude of the observed lensing signal relative to the simulation template, obtaining ( significance) for Voxel and ( significance) for 2D voids, both consistent with CDM expectations. We additionally invert the 2D void-finding process to identify superclusters in the projected density field, for which we measure ( significance). The leading source of noise in our measurements is Planck noise, implying that future data from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT), South Pole Telescope (SPT) and CMB-S4 will increase sensitivity and allow for more precise measurements