Architecture In the Melkite icons in Syria from middle of the Seventeenth until the beginnings of the Nineteenth centuries

To put it in the simplest of terms: in the beginnings of the seventeenth century, the Melkite renaissance had begun during domination Ottoman by the religious framework of Islam, in Syria, and especially in Aleppo. Where Aleppo has restored the art of icon in the Melkite church that took a remarkable place in the history of the post-Byzantine art. In this dissertation, I discuss the architecture in Melkite Art utilizing 91 icons as a case study. These icons will be catalogued and explained one by one. I will begin by talking about the relationship between architectural backgrounds and the depicted subject which will be divided into three types; narrative, the proskynetaria, and individual icons. In the next section, I will be discussing the Reverse perspective, and how the Melkite artist used it. In the latter part, which is the main goal of this dissertation, the focus will be the types of architectural representations, questioning the way in which the Melkite artist depicted architectural elements such as domes, bema, columns, etc. Discussing how they represented historical buildings such as the Holy Sepulchre, monasteries, and to conclude general thoughts about the repetition of architectural elements in Melkite art in Syria during the Ottoman period

the construction of the architectural background in melkite annunciation icons

This article discusses the architectural backgrounds visible in Melkite Annunciation icons from Aleppo, Hama, Damascus and Latakia in Syria, dating from the middle of the seventeenth century to the end of the nineteenth century. The architectural backdrops of Annunciation icons and the architectural perspective are represented through the technique of reverse perspective. In order to emphasize that the event took place in a real place, the house of Virgin in the city of Nazareth

kharetat al mousafer an 18th century proskynetarion of jerusalem and the holy land from saydnaia

In this article, I discuss a proskynetarion icon of the Holy Land and Jerusalem, called the Kharetat al mousafer, located in Saydnaia Monastery in Syria. The relationship between pilgrimages and proskynetaria, which served as a tool of Christian propaganda, will be discussed with a focus on the Saydnaia proskynetarion as a case study, showing the way of the Melkite painter, Issa al-Qudsi depicted the Holy Land topography. In this icon, the Holy Sepulchre (Church of Resurrection) was also represented, opening a discussion around proskynetaria in Syria during the eighteenth century

FDG-PET underscores the key role of the thalamus in frontotemporal lobar degeneration caused by C9ORF72 mutations

C9ORF72 mutations are the most common cause of familial frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). MRI studies have investigated structural changes in C9ORF72-associated FTLD (C9FTLD) and provided first insights about a prominent involvement of the thalamus and the cerebellum. Our multicenter, F-18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron-emission tomography study of 22 mutation carriers with FTLD, 22 matched non-carriers with FTLD, and 23 cognitively healthy controls provided valuable insights into functional changes in C9FTLD: compared to non-carriers, mutation carriers showed a significant reduction of glucose metabolism in both thalami, underscoring the key role of the thalamus in C9FTLD. Thalamic metabolism did not correlate with disease severity, duration of disease, or the presence of psychotic symptoms. Against our expectations we could not demonstrate a cerebellar hypometabolism in carriers or non-carriers. Future imaging and neuropathological studies in large patient cohorts are required to further elucidate the central role of the thalamus in C9FTLD

The image of al-Qiyāmah in Christians conception. The representation of Holy Sepulchre church in Melkite icon-map as a case study

During the Ottoman period, the citizens were easily moving; cosmopolitan, multinational, and multi-confessional, the ottoman empire brings together Turks, Greeks, Arabs, Bulgars, Serbs, and Armenians. The Christian pilgrims continued to visit the Holy Land following the traditional roles since the first centuries of Christians. The Christians from Antioch patriarchate had connections with the city of Jerusalem and the Holy Land; historically, many patriarchs and pilgrims from Damascus and Aleppo had visited the Holy Land. The most meaningful object of commemoration of their pilgrimage was a topographic representation of the Holy Land and the Holy Sepulchre church so-called proskynetaria. The Church of the Holy Sepulchre called al-Qiyāmah church by Arab Christians, which means the Church of the Resurrection. In this article, the primary attention will be about the representations of this building in the Melkite icons. Consequently, in this article , I will be talking about a view of the compound’s layout and its internal spaces. Finally, many kinds of events and buildings are inside in the image of the church; therefore, I will be asking questions about relationships between the pilgrimage itself and the representation of al-Qiyāmah church

La construction de l'arrière-plan architectural de l'icône de la fête de Melkite, par exemple l'icône de l'Annonciation

This article discusses the architectural backgrounds visible in Melkite Annunciation icons from Aleppo, Hama, Damascus and Latakia in Syria, dating from the middle of the seventeenth century to the end of the nineteenth century. The architectural backdrops of Annunciation icons and the architectural perspective are represented through the technique of reverse perspective. In order to emphasize that the event took place in a real place, the house of Virgin in the city of Nazareth.Cet article traite des arrière-plans architecturaux figurés sur les icônes melkites du milieu du XVIIe siècle à la fin du XIXe siècle de l’école d’Alep et de quelques iconographes indépendants tels que Michel de Damas et Michel de Crète et qui avaient travaillé à la même époque à Alep, à Hama, à Lattaquié et à Damas en Syrie. Cet article s’intéresse aux arrière-plans architecturaux des icônes de l’Annonciation dans une perspective inverse à l’iconographie melkite, dans le but de démontrer que l’événement se déroulait dans le lieu réel, tel que la maison de la Vierge et la ville de Nazaret

Kharetat al mousafer, un proskynétaire de Jérusalem et de la Terre Sainte du XVIIIe siècle de Saydnaya

In this article, I discuss a proskynetarion icon of the Holy Land and Jerusalem, called the Kharetat al mousafer, located in Saydnaia Monastery in Syria. The relationship between pilgrimages and proskynetaria, which served as a tool of Christian propaganda, will be discussed with a focus on the Saydnaia proskynetarion as a case study, showing the way of the Melkite painter, Issa al-Qudsi depicted the Holy Land topography. In this icon, the Holy Sepulchre (Church of Resurrection) was also represented, opening a discussion around proskynetaria in Syria during the eighteenth century

Cerebrospinal fluid markers in differential diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia

Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VaD) are the two most common causes of dementia in old people. They remain difficult to differentiate in practice because of lack of sensitivity and specificity of current clinical diagnostic criteria. Recent molecular and cellular advancements indicate that the use of cerebrospinal fluid markers may improve early detection and differential diagnosis of AD. Our objective in this study was to determine diagnostic accuracy of three cerebrospinal (CSF) markers: total tau protein (t-tau), tau protein phosphorylated on threonine 181 (p-tau181) and tau protein phosphorylated on serine 199 (p-tau199). Using commercially available ELISA kits concentrations of t-tau, p-tau181 and p-tau199 were analyzed in 12 patients with probable AD, 9 patients with VaD and 12 NC subjects. The median levels of all three markers were significantly higher in AD group versus VaD and NC groups. However, when the sensitivity levels were set to 85% or higher, only t-tau and p-tau199 satisfied consensus recommendations (specificity more than 75%) when differentiating AD from VaD. In conclusion, our preliminary data on a small group of selected subjects suggest that the CSF t-tau and p-tau199 levels are useful markers for differentiating AD from VaD