Antiproliferative Activity of Black Seed (Nigella Sativa) on 7,12-dimethylbenz-[a]antracene (DMBA) Induced Mice Lung Cell

Lung cancer is the leading cause of death in the world. Nigella sativa is a plant that has an anticancer activity. Previous research showed that the chloroform extract of N. sativahave cytotoxic effect on T47D cells. This study aimed to observe the effect of cloroform extract of N. sativaseed (NSS) on mice lung cell after initiation of 7,12-dimethylbenz [a] anthracene. Sprague Dawleystrain female rats were divided intofive groups. Each group consisted of 12 rats. The experiment consisted of five mice groups, corn oil as a solvent control group, the DMBA dose 20 mg/kgBW p.o. twice a week during five weeks, DMBA+NSS dose 250 mg/kgBW, DMBA+NSS dose 500 mg/kgBW, and DMBA+NSS dose 750 mg/kgBW. Extract which was dissolved into corn oil was administered daily by the oral route 1 week before and during the DMBA induction. At the end of the study, the experimental mice were sacrified and colon organs were collected and then stained with Haematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) and AgNOR method. H&E staining showed there was a decrease damage inthe treatment group compare with DMBA group. In AgNOR staining result showed mAgNOR value in DMBA group was 1.47±0.558, in extract group (250, 500 and 750mg/kgBB) was 0.44±0.172, 1.38±0.140 and 1.25±0.164 respectively and in corn oil group was 0.65±0.050. The results showed that N. sativareduced the damage of colon cells and inhibit colon cell proliferation on mice induced DMBA. This study indicated that N. sativacan be developed into a chemopreventive agent for lung cancer

Pengaruh Edukasi Apoteker Terhadap Sikap Dan Pengetahuan Perawat Tentang Pencampuran Sediaan Parenteral

Pencampuran sediaan parenteral memiliki beberapa kekurangan, salah satunya adalah kemungkinan terjadinya inkompatibilitas farmasetika, farmakokinetika ataupunfarmakodinamika. Pelaksanaan pencampuran sediaan parenteral selama ini masihdilaksanakan oleh perawat yang menangani pasien secara langsung, sehingga perlu adanya edukasi terhadap perawat mengenai pencampuran sediaan parenteral. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross sectional melalui pengumpulan data pretest-postest design dengan menggunakan kuesioner. Analisis data dilakukan dengan metode Wilcoxon Sign Rank Test. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa edukasi apoteker kepada perawat Rumah Sakit Tentara (RST) Wijaya Kusuma memiliki pengaruh terhadap peningkatan sikap dan peningkatan pengetahuan tentang pencampuran sediaan parenteral (T=5 < 27-144, CI 99%). Parameter pengetahuan yang meningkat adalah tentang inkompatibilitas obat, pemahaman bahwa tidak semua obat injeksi bisa dicampurkan dengan infus, dan pencampuran sediaan parenteral harus memperhatikan masalah pH, sedangkan semua parameter sikap mengalami peningkatan