Occurrence of adults and biological aspects of Geniates borelli Camerano (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae, Rutelinae) in Aquidauana, MS, Brazil

Revista Brasileira de Entomologia: www.scielo.br/rbent Revista Brasileira de Entomologia: online ahead of print ISSN 1806-9665 online | 0085-5626 print In Brazil, some phytophagous Scarabaeidae species are related, causing damage in crops, which requires in many situations the use of control techniques to decrease the population density of these insects. Therefore, in addition to direct damages in crops, this group can cause increased in production costs. According to Studying the biology of this group of pests is a very complex undertaking, since their soil-inhabiting behavior and feeding on plant roots where they complete their cycle make observations and measurements are difficult to obtain. Therefore, information on aspects related to the biology of pest Scarabaeidae species is scarce. With respect to the subfamily Melolonthinae in Brazil, there are known studies on the biological aspects of Phyllophaga triticophaga Morón & Salvadori, 1998), P. cuyabana (Moser, 1918) (Oliveira et al. 199

Soil macrofauna in green manures preceding cotton growing

The objective of this work was to evaluate the abundance of the soil macrofauna in four green manure species, before the cotton crop. The experimental design was a randomized block design with four treatments: Mucuna pruriens (gray mucuna), Canavalia ensiformes (pork bean), Cajanus cajan (pigeon pea) and Crotalaria juncea (crotalaria). The macrofauna was captured by means of collections with collections using pitfall traps. The data were processed through the cluster analysis to verify the similarity among green manure species as to the occurrence of soil macrofauna. The orders Orthoptera, Coleoptera L (Larval), Hymenoptera and Coleoptera (adult), respectively, had the highest local relative abundance. There was a significant effect of the cover plants on the taxonomic groups and relative density of the soil macrofauna. Green manures were more determinant in the abundance and relative density of the soil macrofauna than the region climate. Up to 60 days after sowing the cotton crop, there was a beneficial influence of the green manures on the soil macrofauna

Occurrence of adults and biological aspects of Geniates borelli Camerano (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae, Rutelinae) in Aquidauana, MS, Brazil Ocorrência de adultos e aspectos biológicos de Geniates borelli Camerano (Coloptera, Scarabaeidae, Rutelinae) em Aquidauana, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil

Occurrence of adults and biological aspects of Geniates borelli Camerano (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae, Rutelinae) in Aquidauana, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. Due to the importance of Geniates borelli Camerano as a pest in many crops, studies were developed at Universidade Estadual de Mato Grosso do Sul, Aquidauana campus, MS, Brazil. Adults were collected with a light trap from January 2006 to December 2007. 3,320 adults were collected, and the highest quantities were obtained in October 2006 and November 2007, with 1,548 and 802 adults recorded, respectively. Collected adults were kept in plastic containers with soil and Brachiaria decumbens seedlings for oviposition. 535 eggs measuring 2.30 × 1.60 mm were obtained. As the embryonic development progressed, eggs increased in size to 3.00 × 2.70 mm, and this change occurred between 6 and 10 days after oviposition. The embryonic period lasted 17.9 days. The first, second, and third instars lasted 37.6, 49.7, and 74 days, respectively. The prepupal stage lasted 65.9 days and the pupal stage lasted an average of 18.5 days. The biological cycle is completed in 315.8 days, which characterizes the species as univoltine. The average longevity of females was 35.4 days and 28.5 days for males.<br>Ocorrência de adultos e aspectos biológicos de Geniates borelli Camerano (Coloptera, Scarabaeidae, Rutelinae) em Aquidauana, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil. Devido a importância de Geniates borelli Camerano como praga de culturas, foram desenvolvidos estudos na Universidade Estadual de Mato Grosso do Sul, no campus de Aquidauana, MS. Com o uso de armadilha luminosa realizou-se a coleta de adultos de janeiro de 2006 a dezembro de 2007. Foram coletados 3.320 adultos, e as maiores quantidades foram obtidas em outubro de 2006 e novembro de 2007, onde se registraram, respectivamente 1.548 e 802 adultos. Os adultos coletados foram mantidos em recipientes de plástico, contendo solo e mudas de Brachiaria decumbens, para que estes realizassem a oviposição. Foram obtidos 535 ovos com dimensões de 2,30 x 1,60 mm e com o desenvolvimento embrionário ocorre aumento de tamanho para 3,00 x 2,70 mm e essa mudança do formato ocorreu entre o 6º e 10º dia após a oviposição. O período embrionário durou 17,9 dias, o primeiro, segundo e terceiro instar duraram 37,6, 49,7 e 74 dias, respectivamente. A pré-pupa durou 65,9 dias e a fase de pupa durou a média de 18,5 dias. O ciclo biológico completa-se em 315,8 dias, o que caracteriza a espécie como univoltina. A longevidade média das fêmeas foi de 35,4 dias e dos machos 28,5 dias

Occurrence of adults and biological aspects of Geniates borelli Camerano (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae, Rutelinae) in Aquidauana, MS, Brazil

Occurrence of adults and biological aspects of Geniates borelli Camerano (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae, Rutelinae) in Aquidauana, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. Due to the importance of Geniates borelli Camerano as a pest in many crops, studies were developed at Universidade Estadual de Mato Grosso do Sul, Aquidauana campus, MS, Brazil. Adults were collected with a light trap from January 2006 to December 2007. 3,320 adults were collected, and the highest quantities were obtained in October 2006 and November 2007, with 1,548 and 802 adults recorded, respectively. Collected adults were kept in plastic containers with soil and Brachiaria decumbens seedlings for oviposition. 535 eggs measuring 2.30 × 1.60 mm were obtained. As the embryonic development progressed, eggs increased in size to 3.00 × 2.70 mm, and this change occurred between 6 and 10 days after oviposition. The embryonic period lasted 17.9 days. The first, second, and third instars lasted 37.6, 49.7, and 74 days, respectively. The prepupal stage lasted 65.9 days and the pupal stage lasted an average of 18.5 days. The biological cycle is completed in 315.8 days, which characterizes the species as univoltine. The average longevity of females was 35.4 days and 28.5 days for males

Bionomic data and larval density of Scarabaeidae (Pleurosticti) in sugarcane in the central region of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil

Bionomic data and larval density of Scarabaeidae (Pleurosticti) in sugarcane in the central region of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. Phytophagous larvae of Scarabaeidae cause damage to diverse crops. Information on these pests is scarce; therefore, the objective of this study was to determine biological aspects and larval density of species occurring in an area of sugarcane. The studies were developed in Sidrolândia from April 2009 to March 2010. Scarab beetle larvae were collected in sugarcane roots every fifteen days, taken to the laboratory and reared to obtain the adults and determine biological parameters. A total of 2,656 larvae were collected, being 162 Liogenys fuscus, 120 Cyclocephala verticalis, 37 Cyclocephala forsteri, and 2337 Anomonyx sp. In January, 53.65 larvae m-2 were obtained, and the most abundant species was Anomonyx sp, representing 87.99% of the total larvae collected. From November to March, the greatest densities of Anomonyx were observed in the field. The adults of this species occurred from May to September, and egg laying from September to November. Eggs measured 1.1 x 1.7 mm, and incubation period last 15.4 days. First instar larvae were observed mainly in October; second instar larvae from November to April; and third instar from January to July. Pupae were observed from May to August. The most abundant scarab beetle, Anomonyx sp. in roots of sugarcane presents one generation per year in Sidrolândia, MS.<br>Dados bionômicos e densidade larval de Scarabaeidae (Pleurosticti) em cultura de cana-de-açúcar na região central de Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil. Larvas fitófagas de Scarabaeidae causam danos em diversas culturas. Entretanto as informações sobre essas pragas são bastante escassas. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi determinar aspectos morfológicos, biológicos e densidade larval de escarabeídeos em área de cana-de-açúcar. Os estudos foram desenvolvidos em Sidrolândia, MS, de abril de 2009 a março de 2010. As larvas presentes nas raízes de cana-de-açúcar foram coletadas quinzenalmente, levadas para o laboratório e criadas até a obtenção de adultos e avaliação de parâmetros biológicos. Foram coletadas 2.656 larvas, sendo 162 de Liogenys fuscus, 120 de Cyclocephala verticalis, 37 de Cyclocephala forsteri e 2337 Anomonyx sp. Em janeiro, foram registradas 53,65 larvas m-2, sendo Anomonyx sp. a espécie mais abundante, representando 87,99% do total. De novembro a março, foram observadas as maiores densidades de Anomonyx no campo. Os adultos foram observados de maio a setembro. A postura ocorreu de setembro a novembro. Os ovos mediram 1,1x 1,7 mm, com período de incubação de 15,4 dias. As larvas de primeiro ínstar foram observadas em outubro, as de segundo ínstar de novembro a abril e as de terceiro de janeiro a julho. As pupas ocorreram de maio a agosto. A espécie de Scarabaeidae mais abundante na cana-de-açúcar é Anomonyx sp., que apresenta uma geração por ano

Occurrence, biology and behavior of Liogenys fuscus Blanchard (Insecta, Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae) in Aquidauana, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil

Due to the importance of some Pleurosticti Scarabaeidae as agricultural pests allied to information absence on the species that occur in Brazilian Central-West region, on studies occurrence, biology and behavior on this group of scarabs were conducted. Biology and behavioral studies started with Liogenys fuscus Blanchard, 1850 (Melolonthinae), a very common species and were developed in Aquidauana, Mato Grosso do Sul. Adult beetles were collected from light traps from February 2005 to January 2007, at the experimental farm of the Universidade Estadual de Mato Grosso do Sul in Aquidauana (UEMS). In the laboratory adults were placed in plastic containers with soil with sprouts of Brachiaria decumbens Stapf (Poaceae). Eggs were transferred to a climatized chamber at 26 ± 1º C with a 12hourlight, 12hour darkness photoperiod cycle. Adult flight activity occurred in August and in September to December from 06:00 pm to 06:00 am, with the largest number of individuals flying from 07:00 to 10:00 pm. Eggs measured 1 x 1.5 mm and were laid individually or in groups in soil chambers; eggs were initially white and became yellow near hatching. The embryonic period lasted 14.3 days; first, second and third instars lasted 28.5, 48.8, and 68.2 days, respectively. The prepupal period lasted 120.2 days and the prepupa stayed inactive in soil. The mean duration of pupal stage was 27.5 days and the mean longevity of adults was 23.6 days. In laboratory the calling behavior between males and females was observed; copulation lasted, in mean, 25 minutes

Moscas frugívoras (Diptera, Tephritoidea) coletadas em Aquidauana, MS Frugivorous flies (Diptera, Tephritoidea) collected in Aquidauana, MS

No Brasil as moscas frugívoras são pragas importantes de frutas e hortaliças. O conhecimento da flutuação populacional dessas espécies em cada bioma é um importante requisito para a adoção de estratégia de controle de pragas nos agroecossistemas. O objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar a diversidade de espécies de moscas-das-frutas infestantes de frutas silvestres e cultivadas em Aquidauana, MS. Vinte e uma espécies de frutas foram amostradas de fevereiro de 2003 a janeiro de 2004. As espécies de Tephritidae encontradas foram: Anastrepha striata Schiner, 1868, Anastrepha obliqua (Macquart, 1835) e Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann, 1824). Os frugívoros Lonchaeidae e Muscidae encontrados foram: Neosilba sp. e Atherigona orientalis (Schiner, 1868), respectivamente. Um total de 2.568 moscas foram coletadas, das quais 2.394 representadas pela mosca-do-Mediterrâneo C. capitata. A associação entre moscas frugívoras e espécies de frutas é discutida.In Brazil, frugivorous flies represent important pests of fruits and vegetables. Information on populational fluctuation of these species in each biome is an important requirement for the adoption of a strategy of pest control in the agroecosystems. The objective of this paper is to assess the diversity of fruit fly species occurring in wild and cultived fruits in Aquidauana, MS. Twenty-nine fruit species were sampled from February 2003 to January 2004. The Tephritidae species recovered were: Anastrepha striata Schiner, 1868, Anastrepha obliqua (Macquart, 1835) and Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann, 1824). The frugivorous Lonchaeidae and Muscidae recovered were: Neosilba sp. and Atherigona orientalis (Schiner, 1868), respectively. A total of 2.568 flies were obtained, from which 2.394 flies were the Mediterranean fruit fly, C. capitata. The association between frugivorous flies and the fruit species is discussed

Ocorrência e aspectos biológicos de Anomala testaceipennis Blanchard (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae)

Os coleópteros da família Scarabaeidae são importantes pragas em áreas de culturas e pastagens, principalmente devido à ação das larvas, as quais danificam o sistema radicular. São escassas as informações sobre esse grupo de pragas, desta forma, o presente trabalho teve por objetivo estudar a ocorrência e o ciclo biológico de Anomala testaceipennis Blanchard, 1856. De novembro de 2005 a novembro de 2006 foram realizadas coletas diárias com uma armadilha luminosa, e em laboratório os adultos foram mantidos em recipientes plásticos, contendo solo e mudas de Brachiaria decumbens, para estudo de biologia. Foram coletados 263 adultos de A. testaceipennis, em quase todos os meses do ano, não sendo registrados apenas em março e junho. Sobre a biologia verificou-se que o período embrionário durou em média 13,2 dias, o 1&deg; instar 26,7 dias, o 2&deg; instar 19,4 dias, o 3&deg; instar 58,2 dias, a fase de pré-pupa 50,2 dias e a fase de pupa 13,6 dias. A longevidade dos adultos foi semelhante para machos e fêmeas, e durou em média 14,1 dias. No laboratório as fêmeas ovipositaram 7,3 ovos em média. O ciclo de ovo a adulto durou 139,4 dias em média

Formação de mudas de mamão em ambientes de cultivo protegido em diferentes substratos

A fruticultura no Estado de Mato Grosso do Sul carece de informações sobre o potencial de produção de mudas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a produção de mudas de mamoeiro, cultivar Sunrise Solo, em diferentes substratos industrializados e solo. O experimento foi realizado na Universidade Estadual do Mato Grosso do Sul (UEMS), campus Aquidauana, no período de 18/11/2008 a 05/01/2009. Foram utilizados três ambientes de cultivo protegido, três tamanhos de sacola de polietileno e seis substratos. Utilizou-se um delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em parcelas sub-subdivididas. Constatou-se que a sacola de 15,0 x 21,5 cm (1539,8 cm³) propicia as melhores mudas, e pelo índice de qualidade de Dikson todos os ambientes foram propícios à formação das mudas nesse recipiente. A vermiculita adubada com 14% de composto orgânico é o melhor substrato na formação de mudas de mamoeiro e pelo índice de qualidade de Dikson esse substrato apresentou mudas com menor qualidade sob sombrite